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Definition of International Marketing- -Consists of the activity, institutions and
Page | 1 processes across national borders. - Czinkota and Ronkainen
Export and trade- -Selling goods or services to other nations and importing from
them.
Licensing- -Right to use a technical solution.
Joint ventures- -Two existing companies merge into a new one.
Wholly owned subsidiaries- -You own 100% of a company (all the control and all the
risks).
Turnkey operations- -On my behalf, do my production and I’ll pay you everything! (no
risk taken)
Management contracts- -Sign contracts with pros who know what they are doing. You
control the hotel strategically, not as a manager.
Why is international marketing a key agent of societal change?- -It influences what
we buy so it can change our society.
Why is international marketing a key instrument that responds to business strategy?-
-The decisions are based on international issues.
, Dates of Booming Growth- -2015-2019 and then CoVid
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Situation in 2023- -Post-COVID-trade recovers but there are dramatic shifts.
Definition of Trading Blocs- -Two or more countries who agree on trade policies.
Name the different trading blocs- -NAFTA, MERCOSUR, ASEAN, (EU)
What’s the world’s largest trading bloc?- -RCEP with 1/3 of all economic activity
What does RCEP stand for?- -Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, it’s
made of the Asia-Pacific nations
What does FDI stand for?- -Foreign Direct Investment
How do FDIs lead to the end of international cooperation?- -FDI → Global
interdependence → Deglobalisation → Protectionism → Every man for himself
Who has more power between domestic & global economic activity?- -Global
economic activity: Global Market Forces impose increasing tight limits on national
economic regulation.
How do currency flows affect trade?- -Currency flows → Exchange rates more or less
expensive → Higher or lower levels of trade