2025/2026 Exam Questions and Answers
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Five elements that support management's effective attainment of
organizational goals - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔planning, organizing, directing,
controlling resources, and staffing
Define Management - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the process of working with and
through people to achieve organizational goals
2 essential pieces in organizations that must be integrated effectively to
lead to high performance. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Management and Leadership
What are the traits of an effective change leader? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔They
define themselves as a change leader, embrace risk instead of being
adverse to risk as part of the change process
Organizational Development - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the practice of changing
people and organizations for positive growth
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,Change Management - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔encompasses approaches used by
business content and behavioral process specialists that assist leaders in
moving organizations from a present to future state
Systems Theory - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔organizations are viewed as a total
system of interdependent subsystems with individual components that
include people, technology, work, and culture all of which work together to
respond to external environmental changes such as competitors,
customers, or government regulations
Contingency theory - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔viewing organizational dimensions
(strategy, structure, people, work, rewards) as parts of a whole that fit
together. When one of these dimensions is out of sync with the others,
issues emerge
Long-Term Approach - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔focuses on lasting effects through
changes in cultural norms including interventions and alter attitudes,
behaviors, processes, knowledge, and structures
Top-down approach - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔seeks to gain top management
commitment and involvement in order to significantly affect intended
changes. Implemented throughout the organization.
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,Collaborative approach (pg 12) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔involving professionals
who are affected by changes and who support the changes to the
organization
Analytical Approach - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔examines data, diagnoses present
problems, and motivates change to resolve issues. Accurate diagnostic
skills are a core competency of OD change agents
Facilitation approach - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔uses skilled dialogue and
discussion, listening, feedback when assisting professionals to identify
weaknesses and strengths of the organization: planning for change;
managing the change process; and implementing, coaching, and problem
solving during the change
Design approach - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔helps leaders and managers to develop
meaningful work climates where organizational members can accomplish
their goals in a healthy way
What constitutes an internal change? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Changes to an
organizations operating system
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, A formal subsystem consists of: (8 terms) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔leadership,
strategy, management, goals, marketing, operations, technology, and
structure
Type 1 error - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔happens when the environment is actually
stable, but the leaders and mangers perceive it as turbulent and proceed to
take unneeded actions to respond
Type 2 error - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔happens when leaders and managers
perceive the environment as stable when in actuality it is turbulent and they
fail to take the necessary actions thus threatening the survival of the
organization
Developmental change - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔involves an improvement of what
already exists
Transitional change - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔consists of an implementation to
achieve a known desired state that is different from the existing one. Ex.
Installing a new technology system
Transformational change - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔involves the emergence of a
new, unknown state for the organization. Ex. Changing the entire structure
and culture of an organization
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COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED