NCTI A&P FINAL Latest Update 2025-2026 180
Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers
Guaranteed A+
12 cranial nerves in order - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Olfactory - sense of smell -
sensory
2. Optic - sense of sight - sensory
3. Oculomotor - movement of the eyeball, raising the eyelid, change in pupil size -
mixed
4. Trochlear - movement of the eyeball - mixed - cant move eyes in a particular direction
5. Trigeminal - trigeminal - chewing of food, sensation in face, scalp, cornea, and teeth
6. Abducens - movement of the eyeball - mixed - cant move eyes laterally - sensory
7. Facial - facial expressions, secretion of saliva and tears, taste, blinking - mixed
8. Vestibulocochlear - sense of hearing and balance - mixed
9. Glossopharyngeal - swallowing, secretion of saliva, taste, sensor for the reflex,
regulation of blood pressure, part of gag reflex - mixed
10. Vagus - visceral muscle movement and sensations, especially movement and
secretion of the digestive system, sensory for reflex regulation and blood pressure -
mixed
11. Accessory - swallowing, head and shoulder movement, speaking - mixed
12. Hypoglossal - speech and swallowing - mixed
abdominopelvic cavity - CORRECT ANSWER: abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity
Aceytlcholine - CORRECT ANSWER: neurotransmitter associated with voluntary
muscle control, attention, and arousal
active immunity - CORRECT ANSWER: A form of acquired immunity in which the body
produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
,adrenal glands - CORRECT ANSWER: a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the
kidneys and secrete hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help arouse the
body in times of stress.
adrenergic receptors - CORRECT ANSWER: receptor sites for the sympathetic
neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine
afterload - CORRECT ANSWER: the amount of pressure that the heart needs to exert
to eject the blood during ventricular contraction. This is recorded as the systolic
pressure of the heart.
Alpha 1 receptors - CORRECT ANSWER: vasoCONSTRICTION -> increase BP, dilate
pupils
anabolism vs catabolism - CORRECT ANSWER: anabolism (building up) and
catabolism (breaking down)
anaerobic respiration - CORRECT ANSWER: Respiration in the absence of oxygen.
This produces lactic acid.
Anatomy of a neuron - CORRECT ANSWER: - Dendrites : fibers that receive messages
from other neurons
- Cell body (with nucleus) integrates incoming signals from dendrites
- Axons : fibers that carry outgoing signals to other neurons or organs.
There are gaps between
- Synapse: region where the neuron meets other neuron or target cell
- Signals are sent via Neurotransmitters
Anatomy of the Ear - Outer Ear - CORRECT ANSWER: - Auricle (pinna)
, - Auditory canal with guard hairs, cerumen
Anatomy of the Ear: Middle Ear - CORRECT ANSWER: - Tympanic membrane
(eardrum)
- Tympanic cavity of temporal bone
- Auditory (eustachian) tube
- Auditory ossicles: malleus, incus, stapes
- Oval window
Anatomy of the eye - CORRECT ANSWER: Includes conjunctiva, cornea, sclera,
choroid, retina, iris, lens, aqueous and vitreous humor, ciliary body, optic nerve
Anatomy of the inner ear - CORRECT ANSWER: cochlea and vestibular apparatus
anatomy of urinary system - CORRECT ANSWER: 2 kidneys
2 ureters
1 urinary bladder
1 urethra
Arteries vs. Veins - CORRECT ANSWER: - Arteries are thicker and carry blood away
from heart.
- Veins bring blood to the heart
ATP - CORRECT ANSWER: (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells
use for most of their work
auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) - CORRECT ANSWER: three small bones
linked together that connect the eardrum to the inner ear
Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers
Guaranteed A+
12 cranial nerves in order - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Olfactory - sense of smell -
sensory
2. Optic - sense of sight - sensory
3. Oculomotor - movement of the eyeball, raising the eyelid, change in pupil size -
mixed
4. Trochlear - movement of the eyeball - mixed - cant move eyes in a particular direction
5. Trigeminal - trigeminal - chewing of food, sensation in face, scalp, cornea, and teeth
6. Abducens - movement of the eyeball - mixed - cant move eyes laterally - sensory
7. Facial - facial expressions, secretion of saliva and tears, taste, blinking - mixed
8. Vestibulocochlear - sense of hearing and balance - mixed
9. Glossopharyngeal - swallowing, secretion of saliva, taste, sensor for the reflex,
regulation of blood pressure, part of gag reflex - mixed
10. Vagus - visceral muscle movement and sensations, especially movement and
secretion of the digestive system, sensory for reflex regulation and blood pressure -
mixed
11. Accessory - swallowing, head and shoulder movement, speaking - mixed
12. Hypoglossal - speech and swallowing - mixed
abdominopelvic cavity - CORRECT ANSWER: abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity
Aceytlcholine - CORRECT ANSWER: neurotransmitter associated with voluntary
muscle control, attention, and arousal
active immunity - CORRECT ANSWER: A form of acquired immunity in which the body
produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
,adrenal glands - CORRECT ANSWER: a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the
kidneys and secrete hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help arouse the
body in times of stress.
adrenergic receptors - CORRECT ANSWER: receptor sites for the sympathetic
neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine
afterload - CORRECT ANSWER: the amount of pressure that the heart needs to exert
to eject the blood during ventricular contraction. This is recorded as the systolic
pressure of the heart.
Alpha 1 receptors - CORRECT ANSWER: vasoCONSTRICTION -> increase BP, dilate
pupils
anabolism vs catabolism - CORRECT ANSWER: anabolism (building up) and
catabolism (breaking down)
anaerobic respiration - CORRECT ANSWER: Respiration in the absence of oxygen.
This produces lactic acid.
Anatomy of a neuron - CORRECT ANSWER: - Dendrites : fibers that receive messages
from other neurons
- Cell body (with nucleus) integrates incoming signals from dendrites
- Axons : fibers that carry outgoing signals to other neurons or organs.
There are gaps between
- Synapse: region where the neuron meets other neuron or target cell
- Signals are sent via Neurotransmitters
Anatomy of the Ear - Outer Ear - CORRECT ANSWER: - Auricle (pinna)
, - Auditory canal with guard hairs, cerumen
Anatomy of the Ear: Middle Ear - CORRECT ANSWER: - Tympanic membrane
(eardrum)
- Tympanic cavity of temporal bone
- Auditory (eustachian) tube
- Auditory ossicles: malleus, incus, stapes
- Oval window
Anatomy of the eye - CORRECT ANSWER: Includes conjunctiva, cornea, sclera,
choroid, retina, iris, lens, aqueous and vitreous humor, ciliary body, optic nerve
Anatomy of the inner ear - CORRECT ANSWER: cochlea and vestibular apparatus
anatomy of urinary system - CORRECT ANSWER: 2 kidneys
2 ureters
1 urinary bladder
1 urethra
Arteries vs. Veins - CORRECT ANSWER: - Arteries are thicker and carry blood away
from heart.
- Veins bring blood to the heart
ATP - CORRECT ANSWER: (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells
use for most of their work
auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) - CORRECT ANSWER: three small bones
linked together that connect the eardrum to the inner ear
