ATI PN PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
ANSERS
Patient identifiers - ANSWER: -Medical record number
CC CC CC CC CC CC
-home telephone number CC CC
What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient with chronic renal failure? -
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
ANSWER: ■ Urinalysis
CC CC CC CC
☐ Hematuria, proteinuria, and alterations in specific gravity
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
☐ Serum creatinine
CC CC CC
- Gradual increase of 1 to 2 mg/dL per every 24 to 48 hr for acute renal
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
failure (ARF) CC
- Gradual increase over months to years for chronic renal failure (CRF)
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
exceeding 4 mg/dL CC CC
■ Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
CC CC CC CC
- 80 to 100 mg/dL within 1 week with ARF
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
- Gradual increase with elevated serum creatinine over months to years for
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
CRF
- 180-200 mg/dL with (CRF)
CC CC CC CC
■ Serum electrolytes
CC CC CC
- Decreased sodium (dilutional) and calcium, increased potassium,
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
phosphorus, and magnesium CC CC
■ Complete blood count (CBC)
CC CC CC CC
- Decreased hemoglobin
CC CC
What food should you increase when taking Lasix? - ANSWER: -increased amounts
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
of potassium-rich foods (e.g., bananas, prunes, raisins, and orange juice)
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Patient reports IV discomfort, what is your first action? - ANSWER: color and
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
temperature
CC
Sumatriptan (treats migraine headaches) adverse effect - ANSWER: pain, tightness,
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
pressure, or heaviness in the chest, throat, neck, and/or jaw
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
slow or difficult speech
CC CC CC
,Know about Transdermal patch - ANSWER: -• Apply at the same time once each
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
day,
CC CC
preferably in the morning. Keep patch on CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
for 12 to 14 hr each day.
CC CC CC CC CC CC
• Remove the patch at night to reduce
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
the risk of developing tolerance to
CC CC CC CC CC CC
nitroglycerin. Be medication-free a CC CC CC CC
minimum of 10 to 12 hr each day (usually CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
at night).CC
• Do not cut patches to ensure appropriate
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
dosage. CC
• Place the patch on a hairless area of skin
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
(chest, back, or abdomen) and rotate sites
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
to prevent skin irritation.
CC CC CC CC
• Wash skin with soap and water and dry
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
thoroughly before applying new patch. CC CC CC CC
RBC Blood transfusion - ANSWER:
CC CC CC CC
http://www.atitesting.com/ati_next_gen/FocusedReview/data/datacontext/RM%20AMS
CC
%20RN%208.0%20Chp%2044.pdf (prime with normal saline and infuse with sodium CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
chloride).
CC
What to understand about Parkinson's Meds? - ANSWER: -they don't cure disease,
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
they slow the process.
CC CC CC CC
NEUPOGEN (filgrastim)-what is the appropriate route of this med? - ANSWER:
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
administered by subcutaneous injection or IV infusion
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Lisinopril therapeutic effect - ANSWER: blood pressure answer (e.g. 120/80)
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Medication for Schizophrenia - ANSWER: risperidone, Risperdal
CC CC CC CC CC CC
Macrodantin medication - ANSWER: used to treat or prevent certain urinary tract
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
infections
CC
Haldol-inform if you are taking ____________ medication. - ANSWER: -
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
benzodiazepine class of anti-anxiety drugs (all ending with "pam") and even, Xanax.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Fosomax - ANSWER: same as-Alendronate is used for treating osteoporosis in men
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
and postmenopausal women.
CC CC CC
Lipitor - ANSWER: -lowers cholesterol in blood, "statins". Reduce LDL and total
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
cholesterol. Raise HDL.
CC CC CC
Garamycin- - ANSWER: Antibiotic that is toxic to the kidney, injected for radiology
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
studies.
CC
,Digoxin side effects - ANSWER: -Fatigue
CC CC CC CC CC
-Bradycardia
-Anorexia
-Nausea/Vomiting
Singulair - ANSWER: used before exercise to prevent breathing problems during
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
exercise (bronchospasm).
CC CC
What medication to administer with Tylenol overdose? - ANSWER: acetylcysteine
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
(Mucomyst) must be given IV
CC CC CC CC CC
HPV vaccine - ANSWER: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV2, HPV4) - -Three doses
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
should be given over a 6 month
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
-interval for females at 11 to 12 years of age (minimum age is 9 years).
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
-The second dose should be administered 2 months after the first dose, and the
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
third dose should be administered 6 months after the first dose.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
-HPV4 may be given to males starting at age 9 years of age.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Opioid toxicity-what to check first - ANSWER: oxygen saturation
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Valporic Acid lab - ANSWER: liver
CC CC CC CC CC
Lithium report immediately - ANSWER: slurred speech
CC CC CC CC CC CC
Prednisone report - ANSWER: sore throat CC CC CC CC CC
Food to avoid when taking Lithium - ANSWER: -salty foods
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
-alcoholic beverages CC
Labs for patients taking hydrothiazide - ANSWER: Periodic determination of serum
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
electrolytes to detect possible electrolyte imbalance should be done at appropriate
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
intervals.
CC
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
administer as prescribed to the client?
CC CC CC CC CC CC
1. Calcium chloride
CC CC CC
2. Calcium gluconate
CC CC CC
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
CC CC CC
4. Large doses of vitamin D - ANSWER: 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
, CC hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
CC lowering the serum calcium concentration.
CC CC CC CC
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
item?
CC
1. Milk
CC CC
2. Water
CC CC
3. Apple juice
CC CC CC
4. Orange juice - ANSWER: 4. Orange juice
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
of systemic toxicity from this medication?
CC CC CC CC CC CC
1. Tinnitus
CC CC
2. Diarrhea
CC CC
3. Constipation
CC CC
4. Decreased respirations - ANSWER: 1. Tinnitus
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Rationale:
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism)
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
most effective when applied:
CC CC CC CC
1. Immediately before swimming
CC CC CC CC
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun - ANSWER: 4. At least 30
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
minutes before exposure to the sun
CC CC CC CC CC CC
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
after swimming or sweating.
CC CC CC CC
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and burning.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
1. Notifying the registered nurse
CC CC CC CC CC
2. Discontinuing the medication
CC CC CC CC
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
ANSERS
Patient identifiers - ANSWER: -Medical record number
CC CC CC CC CC CC
-home telephone number CC CC
What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient with chronic renal failure? -
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
ANSWER: ■ Urinalysis
CC CC CC CC
☐ Hematuria, proteinuria, and alterations in specific gravity
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
☐ Serum creatinine
CC CC CC
- Gradual increase of 1 to 2 mg/dL per every 24 to 48 hr for acute renal
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
failure (ARF) CC
- Gradual increase over months to years for chronic renal failure (CRF)
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
exceeding 4 mg/dL CC CC
■ Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
CC CC CC CC
- 80 to 100 mg/dL within 1 week with ARF
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
- Gradual increase with elevated serum creatinine over months to years for
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
CRF
- 180-200 mg/dL with (CRF)
CC CC CC CC
■ Serum electrolytes
CC CC CC
- Decreased sodium (dilutional) and calcium, increased potassium,
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
phosphorus, and magnesium CC CC
■ Complete blood count (CBC)
CC CC CC CC
- Decreased hemoglobin
CC CC
What food should you increase when taking Lasix? - ANSWER: -increased amounts
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
of potassium-rich foods (e.g., bananas, prunes, raisins, and orange juice)
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Patient reports IV discomfort, what is your first action? - ANSWER: color and
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
temperature
CC
Sumatriptan (treats migraine headaches) adverse effect - ANSWER: pain, tightness,
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
pressure, or heaviness in the chest, throat, neck, and/or jaw
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
slow or difficult speech
CC CC CC
,Know about Transdermal patch - ANSWER: -• Apply at the same time once each
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
day,
CC CC
preferably in the morning. Keep patch on CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
for 12 to 14 hr each day.
CC CC CC CC CC CC
• Remove the patch at night to reduce
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
the risk of developing tolerance to
CC CC CC CC CC CC
nitroglycerin. Be medication-free a CC CC CC CC
minimum of 10 to 12 hr each day (usually CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
at night).CC
• Do not cut patches to ensure appropriate
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
dosage. CC
• Place the patch on a hairless area of skin
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
(chest, back, or abdomen) and rotate sites
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
to prevent skin irritation.
CC CC CC CC
• Wash skin with soap and water and dry
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
thoroughly before applying new patch. CC CC CC CC
RBC Blood transfusion - ANSWER:
CC CC CC CC
http://www.atitesting.com/ati_next_gen/FocusedReview/data/datacontext/RM%20AMS
CC
%20RN%208.0%20Chp%2044.pdf (prime with normal saline and infuse with sodium CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
chloride).
CC
What to understand about Parkinson's Meds? - ANSWER: -they don't cure disease,
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
they slow the process.
CC CC CC CC
NEUPOGEN (filgrastim)-what is the appropriate route of this med? - ANSWER:
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
administered by subcutaneous injection or IV infusion
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Lisinopril therapeutic effect - ANSWER: blood pressure answer (e.g. 120/80)
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Medication for Schizophrenia - ANSWER: risperidone, Risperdal
CC CC CC CC CC CC
Macrodantin medication - ANSWER: used to treat or prevent certain urinary tract
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
infections
CC
Haldol-inform if you are taking ____________ medication. - ANSWER: -
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
benzodiazepine class of anti-anxiety drugs (all ending with "pam") and even, Xanax.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Fosomax - ANSWER: same as-Alendronate is used for treating osteoporosis in men
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
and postmenopausal women.
CC CC CC
Lipitor - ANSWER: -lowers cholesterol in blood, "statins". Reduce LDL and total
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
cholesterol. Raise HDL.
CC CC CC
Garamycin- - ANSWER: Antibiotic that is toxic to the kidney, injected for radiology
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
studies.
CC
,Digoxin side effects - ANSWER: -Fatigue
CC CC CC CC CC
-Bradycardia
-Anorexia
-Nausea/Vomiting
Singulair - ANSWER: used before exercise to prevent breathing problems during
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
exercise (bronchospasm).
CC CC
What medication to administer with Tylenol overdose? - ANSWER: acetylcysteine
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
(Mucomyst) must be given IV
CC CC CC CC CC
HPV vaccine - ANSWER: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV2, HPV4) - -Three doses
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
should be given over a 6 month
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
-interval for females at 11 to 12 years of age (minimum age is 9 years).
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
-The second dose should be administered 2 months after the first dose, and the
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
third dose should be administered 6 months after the first dose.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
-HPV4 may be given to males starting at age 9 years of age.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Opioid toxicity-what to check first - ANSWER: oxygen saturation
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Valporic Acid lab - ANSWER: liver
CC CC CC CC CC
Lithium report immediately - ANSWER: slurred speech
CC CC CC CC CC CC
Prednisone report - ANSWER: sore throat CC CC CC CC CC
Food to avoid when taking Lithium - ANSWER: -salty foods
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
-alcoholic beverages CC
Labs for patients taking hydrothiazide - ANSWER: Periodic determination of serum
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
electrolytes to detect possible electrolyte imbalance should be done at appropriate
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
intervals.
CC
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
administer as prescribed to the client?
CC CC CC CC CC CC
1. Calcium chloride
CC CC CC
2. Calcium gluconate
CC CC CC
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
CC CC CC
4. Large doses of vitamin D - ANSWER: 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
, CC hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
CC lowering the serum calcium concentration.
CC CC CC CC
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
item?
CC
1. Milk
CC CC
2. Water
CC CC
3. Apple juice
CC CC CC
4. Orange juice - ANSWER: 4. Orange juice
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
of systemic toxicity from this medication?
CC CC CC CC CC CC
1. Tinnitus
CC CC
2. Diarrhea
CC CC
3. Constipation
CC CC
4. Decreased respirations - ANSWER: 1. Tinnitus
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Rationale:
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism)
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
most effective when applied:
CC CC CC CC
1. Immediately before swimming
CC CC CC CC
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun - ANSWER: 4. At least 30
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
minutes before exposure to the sun
CC CC CC CC CC CC
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
after swimming or sweating.
CC CC CC CC
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and burning.
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
1. Notifying the registered nurse
CC CC CC CC CC
2. Discontinuing the medication
CC CC CC CC
