OPTIONAL CUMULATIVE FINAL EXAM
MICR 3050 WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Microorganism r- rcorrect ranswers r-an rorganism rthat ris rtoo rsmall rto rbe rseen rclearly
rwith rthe rnaked reye; rspecial rtechniques rare rrequired rto risolate rand rgrow rthem
Acellular rorganisms r- rcorrect ranswers r-viruses, rviroids, rvirusoids rand rprions
viruses r- rcorrect ranswers r-composed rof rproteins rand rnucleic racids; rmust rneed ra
rhost rcell rto rreplicate
viroids r- rcorrect ranswers r-plant rdiseases rcomposed ronly rof rribonucleic racids
virusoids r- rcorrect ranswers r-animal rdiseases rcomposed ronly rof rribonucleic racids
prions r- rcorrect ranswers r-only rcomposed rof rproteins
,cellular rorganisms r- rcorrect ranswers r-fungi, rprotists, rarchaea, rand rbacteria
bacteria r- rcorrect ranswers r-single-celled rorganisms rand rcell rwalls rcontaining
rpeptidoglycan
archaea r- rcorrect ranswers r-distinguished rfrom rbacteria rby rdistinctive rrRNA
rsequences, rlack rpeptidoglycan rand rfound rin rextreme renvironments
protists r- rcorrect ranswers r-unicellular rbut rlarger rthan rmost rbacteria rand rarchaea
fungi r- rcorrect ranswers r-range rfrom runicellular rforms rto rmolds rand rmushrooms
importance rof rmicroorganisms- rscope r- rcorrect ranswers r-found rvirtually reverywhere
ron rthe rplant rand rconsidered rthe rmost rdiverse rgroup rof rorganisms
importance rof rmicroorganisms- rrelevance r- rcorrect ranswers r-play ran ressential rrole
rin rrecycling rnutrients rand rinfluences rall rother rliving rthings
prokaryotic rcells r- rcorrect ranswers r-contain ra rcell rwall, rribosomes, rfree-floating rDNA
rand rplasmoids
eukaryotic rcells r- rcorrect ranswers r-contain rcell rwall, rribosomes, rnucleus-bound
rDNA, rand rorganelles
universal rphylogenetic rtree r- rcorrect ranswers r-developed rby rNorman rPace
three rdomain rsystem, rbased ron ra rcomparison rof rthe rDNA rencoding rsmall rsubunit
rribosomal rRNA
Last rUniversal rCommon rAncestor r(LUCA) r- rcorrect ranswers r-nature rof rLUCA ris
runknown rbut rfrom rthe rphylogenetic rtree, rthe rroot ris ron rthe rbacterial rbranch
rmeaning rit rwas rmost rlike rbacteria
Domain rBacteria r- rcorrect ranswers r-prokaryotic rcells rthat rhave ra rpeptidogylcan rcell
rwall rand rabundant rin rsoil, rwater, rair rex
Domain rArchaea r- rcorrect ranswers r-prokaryotic rcells rhave runique rrRNA rsequences
rcompared rto rbacteria. rLack rpeptidoglycan rin rcell rwalls rand rhave runique rmembrane
rlipids rliving rin rextreme renvironments
Domain rEukarya r- rcorrect ranswers r-eukaryotic rcells rthat rare rgenerally rlarger rthan
rBacteria rand rArchaea. rSeperated rinto rprotists rand rfungi
Endosymbiotic rHypothesis r- rcorrect ranswers r-over rtime ra rbacteria rendosymbiont rof
ran rancestral reukaryote rlost rits rability rto rlive rindependently, rbecoming rmitochondria
ror rchloroplasts
, evidence rof rendosymbiotic rhypothesis r- rcorrect ranswers r-R. rprowazekii, rparasite,
rgenome ris rmore rclosely rrelated rto rmitochondria rthan rbacterium
Bacterial rSpecies r- rcorrect ranswers r-collections rof rstrains rthat rshare rmany rstable
rproperties rand rdiffer rsignificantly rfrom rother rgroups rof rstrains
microbial rstrain r- rcorrect ranswers r-the rdeesendants rof ra rsingle, rpure rmicrobial
rculture
Binomial rnomenclature r- rcorrect ranswers r-Genus rspecies
Robert rHooke r- rcorrect ranswers r-published rfirst rdrawings rof rmicroorganisms.
rDescriber rthe rfruiting rstructures rof rmolds
Antony rvan rLeeuwenhoek r- rcorrect ranswers r-constructed rmicroscopes r(50x rto
r300x) rand rused rdark rmicroscope rfield rto ridentify rbright rspecies. rFirst rto robserve
rand raccurately rdescribe rbacteria
Spontaneous rgeneration r- rcorrect ranswers r-living rorganism rcan rdevelop rfrom
rnonliving rthings
Francesco rRedi r- rcorrect ranswers r-carried rout rexperiments ron rdecaying rmeat rand
rproducing rmaggots rwhich rdiscredited rspontaneous rgeneration rfor rlarge ranimals
Georg rSchroder rand rTheodor rDusch r- rcorrect ranswers r-allowed rair rto renter rflask
rafter rpassing rthrough rsterile rcotton rwool
Louis rPasteur- rFirst rExperiment r- rcorrect ranswers r-Filtering rair rthrough rcotton rand
rfound rplants rspores rwhen rlooking rat rthe rcotton. rIf rthe rcotton rwas rplaced rin rthe
rmedium, rbacteria rgrew
Louis rPasteur rSecond rExperiment r- rcorrect ranswers r-placed rsterile rnutrient rin
rflasks, rheated rthe rnecks rwith rflame rand rmade rS-curves
John rTydall r- rcorrect ranswers r-took rbox rcoated rwith rsticky rsubstance rto rget rrid rof
rdust rparticles rthat rhad rmicroorganisms rwith rthem rand rdemonstrated rthat rdust
rcarries rmicroorganisms. rProvided revidence rfor rthe rexistence rof rexceptionally rheat-
resistant rforms rof rbacteria
Ferdinand rCohn r- rcorrect ranswers r-discovered rheat rresistant rbacteria rproduced
rendospores rand restablished rclassifications rsystem rfor rbacteria rbased ron
rmorphology rand rphysiology
Koch's rPostulate r1 r- rcorrect ranswers r-The rmicroorganism rmust rbe rpresent rin revery
rcase rof rthe rdisease rbut rabsent rfrom rhealthy rorganisms
MICR 3050 WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Microorganism r- rcorrect ranswers r-an rorganism rthat ris rtoo rsmall rto rbe rseen rclearly
rwith rthe rnaked reye; rspecial rtechniques rare rrequired rto risolate rand rgrow rthem
Acellular rorganisms r- rcorrect ranswers r-viruses, rviroids, rvirusoids rand rprions
viruses r- rcorrect ranswers r-composed rof rproteins rand rnucleic racids; rmust rneed ra
rhost rcell rto rreplicate
viroids r- rcorrect ranswers r-plant rdiseases rcomposed ronly rof rribonucleic racids
virusoids r- rcorrect ranswers r-animal rdiseases rcomposed ronly rof rribonucleic racids
prions r- rcorrect ranswers r-only rcomposed rof rproteins
,cellular rorganisms r- rcorrect ranswers r-fungi, rprotists, rarchaea, rand rbacteria
bacteria r- rcorrect ranswers r-single-celled rorganisms rand rcell rwalls rcontaining
rpeptidoglycan
archaea r- rcorrect ranswers r-distinguished rfrom rbacteria rby rdistinctive rrRNA
rsequences, rlack rpeptidoglycan rand rfound rin rextreme renvironments
protists r- rcorrect ranswers r-unicellular rbut rlarger rthan rmost rbacteria rand rarchaea
fungi r- rcorrect ranswers r-range rfrom runicellular rforms rto rmolds rand rmushrooms
importance rof rmicroorganisms- rscope r- rcorrect ranswers r-found rvirtually reverywhere
ron rthe rplant rand rconsidered rthe rmost rdiverse rgroup rof rorganisms
importance rof rmicroorganisms- rrelevance r- rcorrect ranswers r-play ran ressential rrole
rin rrecycling rnutrients rand rinfluences rall rother rliving rthings
prokaryotic rcells r- rcorrect ranswers r-contain ra rcell rwall, rribosomes, rfree-floating rDNA
rand rplasmoids
eukaryotic rcells r- rcorrect ranswers r-contain rcell rwall, rribosomes, rnucleus-bound
rDNA, rand rorganelles
universal rphylogenetic rtree r- rcorrect ranswers r-developed rby rNorman rPace
three rdomain rsystem, rbased ron ra rcomparison rof rthe rDNA rencoding rsmall rsubunit
rribosomal rRNA
Last rUniversal rCommon rAncestor r(LUCA) r- rcorrect ranswers r-nature rof rLUCA ris
runknown rbut rfrom rthe rphylogenetic rtree, rthe rroot ris ron rthe rbacterial rbranch
rmeaning rit rwas rmost rlike rbacteria
Domain rBacteria r- rcorrect ranswers r-prokaryotic rcells rthat rhave ra rpeptidogylcan rcell
rwall rand rabundant rin rsoil, rwater, rair rex
Domain rArchaea r- rcorrect ranswers r-prokaryotic rcells rhave runique rrRNA rsequences
rcompared rto rbacteria. rLack rpeptidoglycan rin rcell rwalls rand rhave runique rmembrane
rlipids rliving rin rextreme renvironments
Domain rEukarya r- rcorrect ranswers r-eukaryotic rcells rthat rare rgenerally rlarger rthan
rBacteria rand rArchaea. rSeperated rinto rprotists rand rfungi
Endosymbiotic rHypothesis r- rcorrect ranswers r-over rtime ra rbacteria rendosymbiont rof
ran rancestral reukaryote rlost rits rability rto rlive rindependently, rbecoming rmitochondria
ror rchloroplasts
, evidence rof rendosymbiotic rhypothesis r- rcorrect ranswers r-R. rprowazekii, rparasite,
rgenome ris rmore rclosely rrelated rto rmitochondria rthan rbacterium
Bacterial rSpecies r- rcorrect ranswers r-collections rof rstrains rthat rshare rmany rstable
rproperties rand rdiffer rsignificantly rfrom rother rgroups rof rstrains
microbial rstrain r- rcorrect ranswers r-the rdeesendants rof ra rsingle, rpure rmicrobial
rculture
Binomial rnomenclature r- rcorrect ranswers r-Genus rspecies
Robert rHooke r- rcorrect ranswers r-published rfirst rdrawings rof rmicroorganisms.
rDescriber rthe rfruiting rstructures rof rmolds
Antony rvan rLeeuwenhoek r- rcorrect ranswers r-constructed rmicroscopes r(50x rto
r300x) rand rused rdark rmicroscope rfield rto ridentify rbright rspecies. rFirst rto robserve
rand raccurately rdescribe rbacteria
Spontaneous rgeneration r- rcorrect ranswers r-living rorganism rcan rdevelop rfrom
rnonliving rthings
Francesco rRedi r- rcorrect ranswers r-carried rout rexperiments ron rdecaying rmeat rand
rproducing rmaggots rwhich rdiscredited rspontaneous rgeneration rfor rlarge ranimals
Georg rSchroder rand rTheodor rDusch r- rcorrect ranswers r-allowed rair rto renter rflask
rafter rpassing rthrough rsterile rcotton rwool
Louis rPasteur- rFirst rExperiment r- rcorrect ranswers r-Filtering rair rthrough rcotton rand
rfound rplants rspores rwhen rlooking rat rthe rcotton. rIf rthe rcotton rwas rplaced rin rthe
rmedium, rbacteria rgrew
Louis rPasteur rSecond rExperiment r- rcorrect ranswers r-placed rsterile rnutrient rin
rflasks, rheated rthe rnecks rwith rflame rand rmade rS-curves
John rTydall r- rcorrect ranswers r-took rbox rcoated rwith rsticky rsubstance rto rget rrid rof
rdust rparticles rthat rhad rmicroorganisms rwith rthem rand rdemonstrated rthat rdust
rcarries rmicroorganisms. rProvided revidence rfor rthe rexistence rof rexceptionally rheat-
resistant rforms rof rbacteria
Ferdinand rCohn r- rcorrect ranswers r-discovered rheat rresistant rbacteria rproduced
rendospores rand restablished rclassifications rsystem rfor rbacteria rbased ron
rmorphology rand rphysiology
Koch's rPostulate r1 r- rcorrect ranswers r-The rmicroorganism rmust rbe rpresent rin revery
rcase rof rthe rdisease rbut rabsent rfrom rhealthy rorganisms
