FINAL EXAM BIOD 151 CORRECT
QUESTIONS & SOLUTIONS
1. List two organs contained in the abdominal cavity. - ANSWER The abdominal cavity
contains the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver
1. List two organs contained in the pelvic cavity. - ANSWER The pelvic cavity contains
the bladder, reproductive organs and the rectum
a. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ADP. (T or F) - ANSWER False-
(ATP is produced, not ADP)
b. Peripheral proteins are found on the outer surface of a cell membrane. (T or F) -
ANSWER True
c. Exocytosis is the process that occurs to bring biomacromolecules inside the cell. (T or
F) - ANSWER False- (process is endocytosis)
d. Receptor-mediated endocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding
to the cell membrane to bring about changes within the cell proteins. (T or F) -
ANSWER True
e. Endocytosis is a passive process. It does not require cellular energy expenditure. (T
or F) - ANSWER False- (Endocytosis is an active process and requires cellular energy)
a. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. (T or F) - ANSWER True
b. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP. (T or F) - ANSWER True
c. Integral proteins are only found on the inner surface of a cell membrane. (T or F) -
ANSWER False- (Peripheral proteins are found on the inner or outer surface of the cell
membrane. Integral proteins span the entire length of the membrane.)
d. Endocytosis is the process that occurs to eject biomacromolecules from the cell. (T or
F) - ANSWER False - Exocytosis
7. Label the following five items from the diagram: (picture 1) - ANSWER Label A- Nasal
Cavity
Label B- Oral Cavity
Label C- Soft Pallet
Label D- Epiglottis
Label E- Glottis
Label F- Trachea
Label G- Esophagus
, Label H- Tongue
8. From widest to narrowest, the branches of the bronchial tree are: A. Primary bronchi,
secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles B. Bronchioles, primary bronchi,
secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi C. Tertiary bronchi, secondary bronchi, primary
bronchi, bronchioles D. Secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, primary bronchi,
bronchioles - ANSWER A
9. Explain why someone who has hypergastrinemia (excessive secretion of gastrin)
might develop gastric/stomach ulcers. - ANSWER Someone who has hypergastrinemia
may develop stomach ulcers because of the increased gastrin which stimulates
secretions of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogens. These can irritate the stomach lining
and break it down which would lead to ulcers.
9. Explain why a patient with liver disease would have intolerance to fatty foods. -
ANSWER The liver produces bile which breaks down fats. If it is not producing bile (or
less bile), fats will not be broken down effectively.
10. Look carefully at the diagram below. Label the following 5 organs of the digestive
system. To receive credit for the intestines you must label the specific region. (picture 2)
- ANSWER 1: Liver
2: Pancreas
3: Stomach
4: Gallbladder
5: Duodenum
6: Ileum
7: Jejunum (not small intestine)
8: Ascending Colon
9: Appendix (not large intestine)
10: Rectum (not large intestine)
11. Describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their location, secretions and purposes.
- ANSWER The parietal cells (located in the wall of the stomach body) secrete
hydrochloric acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very acidic pH kills many of the
bacteria ingested along with food. In addition, the low pH stops the activity of salivary
amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid is essential in the activation of pepsin.
Chief cells: secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen (a pre-enzyme) is secreted by the chief
cells in the stomach. Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen (secreted by
the chief cells) into the active enzyme pepsin which begins the breakdown of proteins.
11. Name and explain the four main functions performed by the digestive system. -
ANSWER The digestive system has four main roles that it performs: ingestion,
digestion, absorption, and defecation.
1. Ingestion - when food enters the mouth.
QUESTIONS & SOLUTIONS
1. List two organs contained in the abdominal cavity. - ANSWER The abdominal cavity
contains the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver
1. List two organs contained in the pelvic cavity. - ANSWER The pelvic cavity contains
the bladder, reproductive organs and the rectum
a. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ADP. (T or F) - ANSWER False-
(ATP is produced, not ADP)
b. Peripheral proteins are found on the outer surface of a cell membrane. (T or F) -
ANSWER True
c. Exocytosis is the process that occurs to bring biomacromolecules inside the cell. (T or
F) - ANSWER False- (process is endocytosis)
d. Receptor-mediated endocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding
to the cell membrane to bring about changes within the cell proteins. (T or F) -
ANSWER True
e. Endocytosis is a passive process. It does not require cellular energy expenditure. (T
or F) - ANSWER False- (Endocytosis is an active process and requires cellular energy)
a. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. (T or F) - ANSWER True
b. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP. (T or F) - ANSWER True
c. Integral proteins are only found on the inner surface of a cell membrane. (T or F) -
ANSWER False- (Peripheral proteins are found on the inner or outer surface of the cell
membrane. Integral proteins span the entire length of the membrane.)
d. Endocytosis is the process that occurs to eject biomacromolecules from the cell. (T or
F) - ANSWER False - Exocytosis
7. Label the following five items from the diagram: (picture 1) - ANSWER Label A- Nasal
Cavity
Label B- Oral Cavity
Label C- Soft Pallet
Label D- Epiglottis
Label E- Glottis
Label F- Trachea
Label G- Esophagus
, Label H- Tongue
8. From widest to narrowest, the branches of the bronchial tree are: A. Primary bronchi,
secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles B. Bronchioles, primary bronchi,
secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi C. Tertiary bronchi, secondary bronchi, primary
bronchi, bronchioles D. Secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, primary bronchi,
bronchioles - ANSWER A
9. Explain why someone who has hypergastrinemia (excessive secretion of gastrin)
might develop gastric/stomach ulcers. - ANSWER Someone who has hypergastrinemia
may develop stomach ulcers because of the increased gastrin which stimulates
secretions of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogens. These can irritate the stomach lining
and break it down which would lead to ulcers.
9. Explain why a patient with liver disease would have intolerance to fatty foods. -
ANSWER The liver produces bile which breaks down fats. If it is not producing bile (or
less bile), fats will not be broken down effectively.
10. Look carefully at the diagram below. Label the following 5 organs of the digestive
system. To receive credit for the intestines you must label the specific region. (picture 2)
- ANSWER 1: Liver
2: Pancreas
3: Stomach
4: Gallbladder
5: Duodenum
6: Ileum
7: Jejunum (not small intestine)
8: Ascending Colon
9: Appendix (not large intestine)
10: Rectum (not large intestine)
11. Describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their location, secretions and purposes.
- ANSWER The parietal cells (located in the wall of the stomach body) secrete
hydrochloric acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very acidic pH kills many of the
bacteria ingested along with food. In addition, the low pH stops the activity of salivary
amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid is essential in the activation of pepsin.
Chief cells: secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen (a pre-enzyme) is secreted by the chief
cells in the stomach. Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen (secreted by
the chief cells) into the active enzyme pepsin which begins the breakdown of proteins.
11. Name and explain the four main functions performed by the digestive system. -
ANSWER The digestive system has four main roles that it performs: ingestion,
digestion, absorption, and defecation.
1. Ingestion - when food enters the mouth.
