Pharm Exam 3|100+ Questions With
Correct Answers Rated 100%,,.
What makes up the central nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
What makes up the peripheral nervous system?
sensory and motor neurons
What are the two parts of the peripheral nervous system controlled by the motor
neurons?
Somatic and autonomic
What triggers the sympathetic nervous system?
Physical or emotional stress
"fight or flight"
What happens when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated?
Increased BP and HR
increased blood flow to the brain, heart, and skeletal muscles
increased BG, mental activity, and strength
What function does the parasympathetic nervous system have?
Resting functions
What happens when the parasympathetic nervous system is working?
Dilation of vessels
decreased HR
increased motility of GI tract
constriction of bronchi and pupils
What two parts make up the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
What does the somatic nervous system control?
Voluntary movements and skeletal muscles
,What does the autonomic nervous system control?
Smooth muscles, involuntary movements, homeostasis
What do adrenergic receptors do?
Mediate responses to epinephrine and norepinephrine
What does the adrenergic receptor Alpha 1 cause?
Vasoconstriction
increased blood flow
increased BP
mydriasis
increased closure of bladder sphincters
What does the adrenergic receptor Alpha 2 cause?
Inhibits NE and acetylcholine release
inhibits insulin release
What does the adrenergic receptor Beta 1 cause?
Increased HR, lipolysis, renin, and myocardial contractility
What does the adrenergic receptor Beta 2 cause?
Vasodilation
decreased peripheral resistance
bronchodilation
increased glycogenolysis and glucagon release
relaxes uterine smooth muscles
What is acetylcholine?
Neurotransmitter that acts on receptors in body tissues to cause parasympathetic effect
What do sympathomimetic drugs do?
Stimulates the SNS
What do adrenergic drugs do?
Stimulates the SNS
What do alpha-adrenergic agonist drugs do?
Stimulates the SNS
What do parasympathomimetic drugs do?
Stimulates the PNS
What do cholinomimetic drugs do?
Stimulate the PNS
What do cholinergic drugs do?
Stimulate the PNS
What do sympatholytic drugs do?
, Inhibit SNS stimulation
What do antiadrenergic drugs do?
Inhibit SNS stimulation
What do alpha-adrenergic blocking drugs do?
Inhibit SNS stimulation
What do beta-adrenergic blocking drugs do?
Inhibit SNS stimulation
What do parasympatholytic drugs do?
Inhibit PNS stimulation
What do anticholinergic drugs do?
Inhibit PNS stimulation
What do cholinergic blocking drugs do?
Inhibit PNS stimulation
What is myasthenia gravis?
Chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscles weakness and
fatigue
What causes myasthenia gravis?
caused by a defect in transmission of nerve impulses
What is the pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis?
Antibodies block, alter, or destroy receptors for acetylcholine at the neuromuscular
junction
What are the symptoms of myasthenia gravis?
Ptosis
diplopia
unstable gait
change in facial expression
dysphagia
What is the action of neostigmine (Bloxiverz) ?
prevents breakdown of acetylcholine
What is neostigmine used for?
myasthenia gravis
What are the adverse effects of neostigmine?
Increased gastric secretions and motility of the GI tract
urinary urgency
miosis
toxic dose: neuromuscular blockade
What are the nursing considerations for neostigmine?
-medical bracelet
-record symptoms
-space activities
-check for dysphagia
What is Alzheimer's and what causes it?
Incurable progressive neurodegenerative condition of unknown cause
What is the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's?
Deficiency in cholinergic function in cortex and basal forebrain
-loss of neurons, Amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles
Correct Answers Rated 100%,,.
What makes up the central nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
What makes up the peripheral nervous system?
sensory and motor neurons
What are the two parts of the peripheral nervous system controlled by the motor
neurons?
Somatic and autonomic
What triggers the sympathetic nervous system?
Physical or emotional stress
"fight or flight"
What happens when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated?
Increased BP and HR
increased blood flow to the brain, heart, and skeletal muscles
increased BG, mental activity, and strength
What function does the parasympathetic nervous system have?
Resting functions
What happens when the parasympathetic nervous system is working?
Dilation of vessels
decreased HR
increased motility of GI tract
constriction of bronchi and pupils
What two parts make up the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
What does the somatic nervous system control?
Voluntary movements and skeletal muscles
,What does the autonomic nervous system control?
Smooth muscles, involuntary movements, homeostasis
What do adrenergic receptors do?
Mediate responses to epinephrine and norepinephrine
What does the adrenergic receptor Alpha 1 cause?
Vasoconstriction
increased blood flow
increased BP
mydriasis
increased closure of bladder sphincters
What does the adrenergic receptor Alpha 2 cause?
Inhibits NE and acetylcholine release
inhibits insulin release
What does the adrenergic receptor Beta 1 cause?
Increased HR, lipolysis, renin, and myocardial contractility
What does the adrenergic receptor Beta 2 cause?
Vasodilation
decreased peripheral resistance
bronchodilation
increased glycogenolysis and glucagon release
relaxes uterine smooth muscles
What is acetylcholine?
Neurotransmitter that acts on receptors in body tissues to cause parasympathetic effect
What do sympathomimetic drugs do?
Stimulates the SNS
What do adrenergic drugs do?
Stimulates the SNS
What do alpha-adrenergic agonist drugs do?
Stimulates the SNS
What do parasympathomimetic drugs do?
Stimulates the PNS
What do cholinomimetic drugs do?
Stimulate the PNS
What do cholinergic drugs do?
Stimulate the PNS
What do sympatholytic drugs do?
, Inhibit SNS stimulation
What do antiadrenergic drugs do?
Inhibit SNS stimulation
What do alpha-adrenergic blocking drugs do?
Inhibit SNS stimulation
What do beta-adrenergic blocking drugs do?
Inhibit SNS stimulation
What do parasympatholytic drugs do?
Inhibit PNS stimulation
What do anticholinergic drugs do?
Inhibit PNS stimulation
What do cholinergic blocking drugs do?
Inhibit PNS stimulation
What is myasthenia gravis?
Chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscles weakness and
fatigue
What causes myasthenia gravis?
caused by a defect in transmission of nerve impulses
What is the pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis?
Antibodies block, alter, or destroy receptors for acetylcholine at the neuromuscular
junction
What are the symptoms of myasthenia gravis?
Ptosis
diplopia
unstable gait
change in facial expression
dysphagia
What is the action of neostigmine (Bloxiverz) ?
prevents breakdown of acetylcholine
What is neostigmine used for?
myasthenia gravis
What are the adverse effects of neostigmine?
Increased gastric secretions and motility of the GI tract
urinary urgency
miosis
toxic dose: neuromuscular blockade
What are the nursing considerations for neostigmine?
-medical bracelet
-record symptoms
-space activities
-check for dysphagia
What is Alzheimer's and what causes it?
Incurable progressive neurodegenerative condition of unknown cause
What is the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's?
Deficiency in cholinergic function in cortex and basal forebrain
-loss of neurons, Amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles
