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1. What is Kussmaul's?
Who is it seen in? - ANSWER Increased respiratory rate (usually over 20
breaths/ min), increased depth, irregular rhythm, breaths sounds are labored.
Metabolic acidosis
Renal failure
Diabetic ketoacidosis
2. What causes hypertrophy of the accessory muscles?
What type of patient might this be present in? - ANSWER Increase in muscle
size
Seen in COPD patients
3. What is wasting away of muscles referred to as? - ANSWER Atrophy
Seen is paralysis patients
4. What are the 4 neck pathologies that might complicate endotracheal
intubation? - ANSWER 1. Short receding mandible
2. Enlarged tongue (macroglossia)
,3. Bull neck
4. Limited range - of - motion of the neck
5. What is the normal for Heart Rate/ Pulse Rate? - ANSWER 60 to 100
6. What term would be used to describe a Heart Rate/ Pulse Rate of 160?
What would a Heart Rate/ Pulse Rate of 160 indicate?
What would you recommend? - ANSWER Tachycardia
Stress
Anxiety
Hypoxemia
Give oxygen
7. What term is used to describe a Heart Rate/ Pulse Rate of 52?
What would a Heart Rate/ Pulse Rate of 52 indicate?
What would you recommend? - ANSWER Bradycardia
Heart failure (CHF)
Shock
Code/emergency
, Give Oxygen or Atropine
8. What does paradoxical pulse/pulsus paradoxus indicate? - ANSWER Pulse/
blood pressure varies with respiration.
Air trapping
Asthma
Pneumothorax
Cardiac tamponade
9. In tracheal deviation what pathologies would pull to the affected side? -
ANSWER Atelectasis
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Pneumonectomy
Diaphragmatic paralysis
10. In tracheal deviation what pathologies would push to the unaffected side? -
ANSWER Pneumothorax (air)
Pleural Effusion (fluid)
Neck or thyroid tumors
Large mediastinal mass
11. Crepitus is seen in what type of patients? - ANSWER Subcutaneous
Emphysema