VERIFIED 16, MARYVILLE 663 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
nicotine MOA
1. agonist at the________________subtype of acetylcholine receptors.
2. 25 % reaches the bloodstream, within 15 seconds.
3. activating the dopaminergic pathway projecting from the ventral tegmental area to the
cerebral cortex and the limbic system.
4. increase in the concentrations of circulating norepinephrine and epinephrine and an
increase in the release of vasopressin, β-endorphin, adrenocorticotropic hormone
(ACTH), and cortisol. These hormones contribute to the basic stimulatory effects on the
CNS
nicotine immediate risks
highly toxic alkaloid. Doses of 60 mg in an adult are fatal secondary to respiratory
paralysis
average dose is 0.5 mg
nicotine toxicity--low dose
nausea, vomiting, salivation, pallor (caused by peripheral vasoconstriction), weakness,
abdominal pain (caused by increased peristalsis), diarrhea, dizziness, headache,
increased blood pressure, tachycardia, tremor, and cold sweats
nicotine toxicity--also
inability to concentrate, confusion, and sensory disturbances
nicotine--other risks
1. decrease in the user's amount of rapid eye movement (REM)
2. increased incidence of low birth weight babies
3. increased incidence of newborns with persistent pulmonary hypertension.
4. Increased BP, pulse, stroke, HA.
Cannibus
1. most popular illicit drug, with 14.6 million people using it (6.2 percent of the
population),
2. two thirds being under the age of 18.
3. 6 percent of 12th graders report daily use
, Cannibus use
1. heightens sensitivities to external stimuli, reveals new details, makes colors seem
brighter and richer, and subjectively slows the appreciation of time.
2. high doses, users may experience depersonalization and derealization.
3. Motor skills impaired remains after the subjective, euphoriant effects have resolved
4. 8 to 12 hours after impaired motor skills interfere with the operation of motor vehicles
and other heavy machinery.
5. effects are additive to those of alcohol, commonly used in combination
cannibus dependence
Tolerance does develop and psychological dependence has been found, although the
evidence for physiological dependence is not strong.
cannibus w/d
irritability, cravings, nervousness, anxiety, insomnia, disturbed or vivid dreaming,
decreased appetite, weight loss, depressed mood, restlessness, headache, chills,
stomach pain, sweating, and tremors.
cannibus w/d timeline
w/d within 1 to 2 weeks of cessation.
cannibus MOA
_________________ receptor is found in highest concentrations in the basal ganglia,
the hippocampus, and the cerebellum, with lower concentrations in the cerebral cortex
___________ receptor is not found in the brainstem, a minimal effects on respiratory
and cardiac functions.
Studies in animals show affec on monoamine and γ-aminobutyric acid GABA. some
debate questions whether the ______________stimulate the so-called reward centers
of the brain, dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area
cannibus immediate risks
Confusion and disorientation. No known safety risks for withdrawal.
___________________ induced psychotic and anxiety disorders
DBT skills
Mindfulness
Distress tolerance
ANSWERS
nicotine MOA
1. agonist at the________________subtype of acetylcholine receptors.
2. 25 % reaches the bloodstream, within 15 seconds.
3. activating the dopaminergic pathway projecting from the ventral tegmental area to the
cerebral cortex and the limbic system.
4. increase in the concentrations of circulating norepinephrine and epinephrine and an
increase in the release of vasopressin, β-endorphin, adrenocorticotropic hormone
(ACTH), and cortisol. These hormones contribute to the basic stimulatory effects on the
CNS
nicotine immediate risks
highly toxic alkaloid. Doses of 60 mg in an adult are fatal secondary to respiratory
paralysis
average dose is 0.5 mg
nicotine toxicity--low dose
nausea, vomiting, salivation, pallor (caused by peripheral vasoconstriction), weakness,
abdominal pain (caused by increased peristalsis), diarrhea, dizziness, headache,
increased blood pressure, tachycardia, tremor, and cold sweats
nicotine toxicity--also
inability to concentrate, confusion, and sensory disturbances
nicotine--other risks
1. decrease in the user's amount of rapid eye movement (REM)
2. increased incidence of low birth weight babies
3. increased incidence of newborns with persistent pulmonary hypertension.
4. Increased BP, pulse, stroke, HA.
Cannibus
1. most popular illicit drug, with 14.6 million people using it (6.2 percent of the
population),
2. two thirds being under the age of 18.
3. 6 percent of 12th graders report daily use
, Cannibus use
1. heightens sensitivities to external stimuli, reveals new details, makes colors seem
brighter and richer, and subjectively slows the appreciation of time.
2. high doses, users may experience depersonalization and derealization.
3. Motor skills impaired remains after the subjective, euphoriant effects have resolved
4. 8 to 12 hours after impaired motor skills interfere with the operation of motor vehicles
and other heavy machinery.
5. effects are additive to those of alcohol, commonly used in combination
cannibus dependence
Tolerance does develop and psychological dependence has been found, although the
evidence for physiological dependence is not strong.
cannibus w/d
irritability, cravings, nervousness, anxiety, insomnia, disturbed or vivid dreaming,
decreased appetite, weight loss, depressed mood, restlessness, headache, chills,
stomach pain, sweating, and tremors.
cannibus w/d timeline
w/d within 1 to 2 weeks of cessation.
cannibus MOA
_________________ receptor is found in highest concentrations in the basal ganglia,
the hippocampus, and the cerebellum, with lower concentrations in the cerebral cortex
___________ receptor is not found in the brainstem, a minimal effects on respiratory
and cardiac functions.
Studies in animals show affec on monoamine and γ-aminobutyric acid GABA. some
debate questions whether the ______________stimulate the so-called reward centers
of the brain, dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area
cannibus immediate risks
Confusion and disorientation. No known safety risks for withdrawal.
___________________ induced psychotic and anxiety disorders
DBT skills
Mindfulness
Distress tolerance
