PATH 3610 : PRINCIPLES OF
DISEASE: FINAL EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Starvation can lead to the development of fatty liver. (T/F) -- Answer
✔✔ True
Apoptosis refers to: -- Answer ✔✔ Programmed cell death.
The release of cytoplasmic enzymes from necrotic cells may be useful
diagnostically. (T/F) -- Answer ✔✔ True
Elevated Conjugated serum bilirubin levels are most likely caused by:
-- Answer ✔✔ obstruction of the biliary tract.
Cloudy swelling is the result of: -- Answer ✔✔ Intracellular
accumulation of fluid and electrolytes.
,Chronic over-consumption of alcohol can lead to fatty liver due to: --
Answer ✔✔ Increased activity of hepatic enzyme systems, leading to
increased conversion of fatty acids to triglycerides.
Triglyceride accumulation in the cytoplasm of parenchymal cells is
termed: -- Answer ✔✔ Fatty degeneration
The most definitive microscopic evidence of cell necrosis is: -- Answer
✔✔ nuclear pyknosis and karrhyorexis
Bilirubin is: -- Answer ✔✔ Water soluble when conjugated
Hypoxia, leading to impaired energy production by the cell, may be
caused by: -- Answer ✔✔ Anemia
Free radicals can impair cell membrane function by causing: -- Answer
✔✔ Lipid peroxidation
A myocardial infarct is seen as a dry, well demarcated area of pale
tissue. This would be described as: -- Answer ✔✔ Coagulation necrosis
The color changes in a bruise are related to: -- Answer ✔✔ The
breakdown of hemoglobin.
A thick, viscous fluid matrix situated between the cell membrane and
the nucleus, in which inorganic substances, carbohydrates, proteins,
,and lipids are either dissolved or in colloidal suspension is the
definition of the: -- Answer ✔✔ Cytoplasm
Mitochondria are membrane-bound rod-shaped cytoplasmic organelles
whose main function is: -- Answer ✔✔ To produce energy from
nutrients and oxygen for cell function.
The cell membrane is best described as: -- Answer ✔✔ A semi-
permeable boundary between the environment and the cytoplasm,
best described as a protein-lipid-protein sandwich, with some
movement of protein molecules.
Which of the following statements about the nucleus is not true? --
Answer ✔✔ It contains large amounts of RNA.
Which of the following microscopic features is the best indicator of
necrosis? -- Answer ✔✔ Nuclear pyknosis, karyorrhexis, or karyolysis
Which of the following is not a post-mortem change? -- Answer ✔✔
Hemorrhage
Which of the following is not true of jaundice? -- Answer ✔✔ It is a
disease of the liver.
The switch of cells from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism can cause: --
Answer ✔✔ Damage to lysosomal membranes, potentially worsening
cell injury.
, Which of the following is not a cause of impaired cell energy
production? -- Answer ✔✔ Hyperglycemia
Swelling of mitochondria caused by impaired cell energy production
can cause: -- Answer ✔✔ Cloudy or vacuolar cytoplasmic changes.
Free radicals generated within cells are unstable and can lead to: --
Answer ✔✔ Degradation of nucleic acids
Alcohol consumption can lead to fatty liver changes by: -- Answer ✔✔
Induction of enzymes to increase fatty acid conversion into
triglycerides.
Shock becomes irreversible shock when: -- Answer ✔✔ Metabolic
acidosis furthers injury to cells, so they can no longer produce energy.
Shock, whatever it causes, is characterized by: -- Answer ✔✔
Generalized reduction in tissue perfusion.
Ischemia refers to: -- Answer ✔✔ A reduction or failure of blood supply
to tissues.
Chronic changes in blood vessel walls which can lead to thrombosis are
most often associated with: -- Answer ✔✔ Atherosclerosis
DISEASE: FINAL EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Starvation can lead to the development of fatty liver. (T/F) -- Answer
✔✔ True
Apoptosis refers to: -- Answer ✔✔ Programmed cell death.
The release of cytoplasmic enzymes from necrotic cells may be useful
diagnostically. (T/F) -- Answer ✔✔ True
Elevated Conjugated serum bilirubin levels are most likely caused by:
-- Answer ✔✔ obstruction of the biliary tract.
Cloudy swelling is the result of: -- Answer ✔✔ Intracellular
accumulation of fluid and electrolytes.
,Chronic over-consumption of alcohol can lead to fatty liver due to: --
Answer ✔✔ Increased activity of hepatic enzyme systems, leading to
increased conversion of fatty acids to triglycerides.
Triglyceride accumulation in the cytoplasm of parenchymal cells is
termed: -- Answer ✔✔ Fatty degeneration
The most definitive microscopic evidence of cell necrosis is: -- Answer
✔✔ nuclear pyknosis and karrhyorexis
Bilirubin is: -- Answer ✔✔ Water soluble when conjugated
Hypoxia, leading to impaired energy production by the cell, may be
caused by: -- Answer ✔✔ Anemia
Free radicals can impair cell membrane function by causing: -- Answer
✔✔ Lipid peroxidation
A myocardial infarct is seen as a dry, well demarcated area of pale
tissue. This would be described as: -- Answer ✔✔ Coagulation necrosis
The color changes in a bruise are related to: -- Answer ✔✔ The
breakdown of hemoglobin.
A thick, viscous fluid matrix situated between the cell membrane and
the nucleus, in which inorganic substances, carbohydrates, proteins,
,and lipids are either dissolved or in colloidal suspension is the
definition of the: -- Answer ✔✔ Cytoplasm
Mitochondria are membrane-bound rod-shaped cytoplasmic organelles
whose main function is: -- Answer ✔✔ To produce energy from
nutrients and oxygen for cell function.
The cell membrane is best described as: -- Answer ✔✔ A semi-
permeable boundary between the environment and the cytoplasm,
best described as a protein-lipid-protein sandwich, with some
movement of protein molecules.
Which of the following statements about the nucleus is not true? --
Answer ✔✔ It contains large amounts of RNA.
Which of the following microscopic features is the best indicator of
necrosis? -- Answer ✔✔ Nuclear pyknosis, karyorrhexis, or karyolysis
Which of the following is not a post-mortem change? -- Answer ✔✔
Hemorrhage
Which of the following is not true of jaundice? -- Answer ✔✔ It is a
disease of the liver.
The switch of cells from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism can cause: --
Answer ✔✔ Damage to lysosomal membranes, potentially worsening
cell injury.
, Which of the following is not a cause of impaired cell energy
production? -- Answer ✔✔ Hyperglycemia
Swelling of mitochondria caused by impaired cell energy production
can cause: -- Answer ✔✔ Cloudy or vacuolar cytoplasmic changes.
Free radicals generated within cells are unstable and can lead to: --
Answer ✔✔ Degradation of nucleic acids
Alcohol consumption can lead to fatty liver changes by: -- Answer ✔✔
Induction of enzymes to increase fatty acid conversion into
triglycerides.
Shock becomes irreversible shock when: -- Answer ✔✔ Metabolic
acidosis furthers injury to cells, so they can no longer produce energy.
Shock, whatever it causes, is characterized by: -- Answer ✔✔
Generalized reduction in tissue perfusion.
Ischemia refers to: -- Answer ✔✔ A reduction or failure of blood supply
to tissues.
Chronic changes in blood vessel walls which can lead to thrombosis are
most often associated with: -- Answer ✔✔ Atherosclerosis
