NR 511 LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Tom, age 50, is complaining of an itchy rash that occurred about a half hour after
putting on his leather jacket. He recalls having a slightly similar rash last year
when he wore his jacket. The annular lesions are on his neck and both arms.
They are erythematous, sharply circumscribed, and both flat and elevated. His
voice seems a little raspy, although he states that his breathing is normal. What is
your first action?
1.Order a short course of systemic corticosteroids.
2.Determine the need for 0.5 mL 1:1000 epinephrine subcutaneously.
3.Start daily antihistamines.
4.Tell Tom to get rid of his leather jacket
Determine the need for 0.5 mL 1:1000 epinephrine subcutaneously.
rationale: Tom has hives. Although all the actions are appropriate, the first step is to
determine the need for 0.5 mL 1:1000 epinephrine subcutaneously. With Tom's neck
involvement, it is most important to determine if respiratory distress is imminent; if it is,
epinephrine must be administered
When palpating the skin over the clavicle of Norman, age 84, you notice tenting,
which is:
1.Indicative of dehydration.
2.Common in thin older adults.
3.A sign of edema.
4.Indicative of scleroderma
common in thin older adults
rationale: Tenting—which occurs when pinched skin remains pinched for a few
moments before resuming its normal position—over the clavicle is common in thin older
adults. Skin turgor is decreased with dehydration and increased with edema and
scleroderma.
The nurse practitioner (NP) tells Samantha, age 52, that she has an acrochordon
on her neck. What is the NP referring to?
,1.A nevus.
2.A skin tag.
3.A lipoma.
4.A wart.
a skin tag
ratonale: Skin tags (acrochordons) are benign overgrowths of skin commonly seen after
middle age and usually found on the neck, axillae, groin, upper trunk, and eyelids.
Maryann, age 28, presents to the clinic because of a rapid onset of patchy hair
loss. The skin within these oval patches of hair loss is very smooth. Tapered
hairs that resemble exclamation points are seen at the margin of a patch of hair
loss. Based on these findings, you suspect Maryann has:
1.Alopecia areata.
2.Trichotillomania.
3.Tinea capitis.
4.Androgenetic alopecia.
alopecia areata
rationale: The findings are consistent with alopecia areata, ie, nonscarring hair loss of
rapid onset, the pattern of which is most commonly sharply defined round or oval
patches.
Eric, age 52, has gout. What do you suggest?
1.Using salicylates for an acute attack.
2.Limiting consumption of purine-rich foods.
3.Testing his uric acid level every 6 months.
4.Decreasing fluid intake.
Limiting consumption of purine-rich foods
rationale: For a client with gout, the consumption of purine-rich foods, such as organ
meats, should be limited to prevent uric acid buildup
, Marge, age 36, is planning to go skiing with her fiancé. He has warned her about
frostbite, and she is wondering what to do if frostbite should occur. You know
she's misunderstood the directions when she tells you which of the following?
1."I should remove wet footwear if my feet are frostbitten."
2."I should rub the area with snow."
3"I should apply firm pressure to the area with a warm hand."
4."I should place my hands in my axillae if my hands are frostbitten."
I should rub the area with snow
rationale:Rubbing or massaging the frostbitten area, especially with snow, may cause
permanent tissue damage.
Which treatment is considered the gold standard in tissue-conserving skin
cancer removal?
1.Cryosurgery.
2.Simple excision.
3.Photodynamic therapy.
4.Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS).
MMS
rationale: MMS is considered the gold standard in tissue-conserving skin cancer
removal. MMS is a specialized type of surgery consisting of the removal of the entire
tumor with the smallest possible margin of normal skin
What is the most important thing a person can do to maintain healthy skin and
hopefully reduce wrinkles?
1.Keep well hydrated.
2.Use sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of at least 45.
3.Avoid smoking.
4.Use mild defatted or glycerin soap
avoid smoking
rationale: The most important thing a person can do to maintain healthy skin is not
Tom, age 50, is complaining of an itchy rash that occurred about a half hour after
putting on his leather jacket. He recalls having a slightly similar rash last year
when he wore his jacket. The annular lesions are on his neck and both arms.
They are erythematous, sharply circumscribed, and both flat and elevated. His
voice seems a little raspy, although he states that his breathing is normal. What is
your first action?
1.Order a short course of systemic corticosteroids.
2.Determine the need for 0.5 mL 1:1000 epinephrine subcutaneously.
3.Start daily antihistamines.
4.Tell Tom to get rid of his leather jacket
Determine the need for 0.5 mL 1:1000 epinephrine subcutaneously.
rationale: Tom has hives. Although all the actions are appropriate, the first step is to
determine the need for 0.5 mL 1:1000 epinephrine subcutaneously. With Tom's neck
involvement, it is most important to determine if respiratory distress is imminent; if it is,
epinephrine must be administered
When palpating the skin over the clavicle of Norman, age 84, you notice tenting,
which is:
1.Indicative of dehydration.
2.Common in thin older adults.
3.A sign of edema.
4.Indicative of scleroderma
common in thin older adults
rationale: Tenting—which occurs when pinched skin remains pinched for a few
moments before resuming its normal position—over the clavicle is common in thin older
adults. Skin turgor is decreased with dehydration and increased with edema and
scleroderma.
The nurse practitioner (NP) tells Samantha, age 52, that she has an acrochordon
on her neck. What is the NP referring to?
,1.A nevus.
2.A skin tag.
3.A lipoma.
4.A wart.
a skin tag
ratonale: Skin tags (acrochordons) are benign overgrowths of skin commonly seen after
middle age and usually found on the neck, axillae, groin, upper trunk, and eyelids.
Maryann, age 28, presents to the clinic because of a rapid onset of patchy hair
loss. The skin within these oval patches of hair loss is very smooth. Tapered
hairs that resemble exclamation points are seen at the margin of a patch of hair
loss. Based on these findings, you suspect Maryann has:
1.Alopecia areata.
2.Trichotillomania.
3.Tinea capitis.
4.Androgenetic alopecia.
alopecia areata
rationale: The findings are consistent with alopecia areata, ie, nonscarring hair loss of
rapid onset, the pattern of which is most commonly sharply defined round or oval
patches.
Eric, age 52, has gout. What do you suggest?
1.Using salicylates for an acute attack.
2.Limiting consumption of purine-rich foods.
3.Testing his uric acid level every 6 months.
4.Decreasing fluid intake.
Limiting consumption of purine-rich foods
rationale: For a client with gout, the consumption of purine-rich foods, such as organ
meats, should be limited to prevent uric acid buildup
, Marge, age 36, is planning to go skiing with her fiancé. He has warned her about
frostbite, and she is wondering what to do if frostbite should occur. You know
she's misunderstood the directions when she tells you which of the following?
1."I should remove wet footwear if my feet are frostbitten."
2."I should rub the area with snow."
3"I should apply firm pressure to the area with a warm hand."
4."I should place my hands in my axillae if my hands are frostbitten."
I should rub the area with snow
rationale:Rubbing or massaging the frostbitten area, especially with snow, may cause
permanent tissue damage.
Which treatment is considered the gold standard in tissue-conserving skin
cancer removal?
1.Cryosurgery.
2.Simple excision.
3.Photodynamic therapy.
4.Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS).
MMS
rationale: MMS is considered the gold standard in tissue-conserving skin cancer
removal. MMS is a specialized type of surgery consisting of the removal of the entire
tumor with the smallest possible margin of normal skin
What is the most important thing a person can do to maintain healthy skin and
hopefully reduce wrinkles?
1.Keep well hydrated.
2.Use sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of at least 45.
3.Avoid smoking.
4.Use mild defatted or glycerin soap
avoid smoking
rationale: The most important thing a person can do to maintain healthy skin is not
