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Morrison-Valfre’s Foundations of Mental Health Care in Canada
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Boris Bard, Eric MacMullin, and Jacqueline Williamson
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1st Edition
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Table of Contents
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Chapter 01 The History of Mental Health Care
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Chapter 02 Current Mental Health Care Systems
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Chapter 03 Ethical and Legal Issues
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Chapter 04 Sociocultural Issues
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Chapter 05 Theories and Therapies
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Chapter 06 Complementary and Alternative Therapies
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Chapter 07 Psychotherapeutic Medication Therapy
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Chapter 08 Principles and Skills of Mental Health Care
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Chapter 09 Mental Health Assessment Skills
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Chapter 10 Therapeutic Communication
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Chapter 11 The Therapeutic Relationship
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Chapter 12 The Therapeutic Environment
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Chapter 13 Challenges of Childhood
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Chapter 14 Challenges of Adolescence
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Chapter 15 Challenges of Adulthood
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Chapter 16 Challenges of Late Adulthood
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Chapter 17 Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's Disease, and Dementia
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Chapter 18 Managing Anxiety
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Chapter 19 Illness and Hospitalization
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Chapter 20 Loss and Grief
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Chapter 21 Depression and Other Mood Disorders
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Chapter 22 Physical Challenges, Psychological Sources
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Chapter 23 Eating and Sleeping Disorders
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Chapter 24 Dissociative Disorders
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Chapter 25 Anger and Aggression
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Chapter 26 Outward-Focused Emotions-Violence
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Chapter 27 Inward-Focused Emotions-Suicide
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Chapter 28 Substance-Related Disorders
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Chapter 29 Sexuality and Sexual Disorders
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Chapter 30 Personality Disorders
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Chapter 31 Brain Function, Schizophrenia, and Other Psychoses
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Chapter 32 Chronic Mental Health Disorders
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Chapter 33 Challenges for the Future
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Chapter 1: The History of Mental Health Care
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Morrison-Valfre’s Foundations of Mental Health Care in Canada, First Edition f f f f f f f f f
MULTIPLE CHOICE f
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled the irrational
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soul could be compared with the belief of which more recent psychological theorist?
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a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS: A f
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within and
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outside the personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally ill individuals as
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human beings in need of medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a nurse who trained at the
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Florence Nightingale Training School and cared for the mentally ill. Dr. Benjamin Rush was the
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author of the book Diseases of the Mind.
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PTS: f f 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension f f REF: Early Years f f f
OBJ: f f 1 KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
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2. During the mid-1500s, behaviours associated with mental illness began to be more accurately
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recorded by professionals. This practice led to
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behaviours.
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a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: A f
Classification of abnormal behaviours did not begin until this time, after the practice of more
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accurately recording behaviours had started. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and education
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regarding mental health disorders were not available during this period.
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PTS: f f 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge f f REF: The Renaissance f f f
OBJ: f f 1 KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
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3. During the latter part of the eighteenth century, psychiatry became a separate branch of
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medicine, and inhumane treatment was greatly diminished by which French hospital director?
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a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS: C f
Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill as well as proper treatment. Dorothea
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Dix crusaded for construction of mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers wrote the book A Mind
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That Found Itself. President Jimmy Carter established the President’s Commission on Mental
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Health in 1978.
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PTS: f f 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge f f REF: Eighteenth Century f f f
OBJ: f f 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment f f f f MSC: Foundations of Practice f f f
4. In 1841,
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States, Canada, and Scotland and is credited with bringing about public awareness and reform
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for the care of the mentally ill.
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a. Sigmund Freud f
b. John Cade f
c. Florence Nightingale f
d. Dorothea Dix f
ANS: D f
Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentally ill individuals and is
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credited with ushering in major changes in the care of the mentally ill. Sigmund Freud
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introduced the concept of psychoanalysis, John Cade discovered lithium carbonate for the
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treatment of bipolar disorder, and Florence Nightingale trained nurses in England in the 1800s.
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PTS: f f 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge f f REF: Nineteenth Century f f f
OBJ: f f 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment f f f f MSC: Foundations of Practice f f f
5. As a direct result of Clifford Beers’ work and his book, A Mind That Found Itself, the
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Committee for Mental Hygiene was formed in 1909 with a focus on the prevention of mental
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illness and
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a. Early detection of symptoms of mental illness f f f f f f
b. Education of care providers f f f
c. Current treatment options f f
d. Removing the stigma attached to mental illness f f f f f f
ANS: D f
In his book, Clifford Beers reflected on his suicide attempt followed by the deplorable care he
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received for the next 3 years in mental hospitals. His work and book raised the consciousness of
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people throughout the country regarding the prevention and removal of the stigma of having a
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mental illness. Early detection of symptoms, education of care providers, and current treatment
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options regarding mental illness were not the focus of his book, nor were they a priority for the
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Committee for Mental Hygiene.
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PTS: f f 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge f f REF: Twentieth Century f f f
OBJ: f f 4 KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment f f f f MSC: Foundations of Practice f f f
6. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused patients to fall into a
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coma that could last as long as 50 hours?
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a. Electroconvulsive therapy f
b. Insulin therapy f
c. Humoral therapy f
d. Amphetamine therapy f
ANS: B f
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