Class notes BPT 101

NUTRITION – Summary 1. Malnutrition Definition: A condition resulting from an imbalanced diet where nutrients are either lacking, in excess, or improperly balanced. Types: Undernutrition: Includes wasting, stunting, underweight, and micronutrient deficiencies. Overnutrition: Obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases (e.g., diabetes, heart disease). 2. Energy Requirements & BMR BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate): The rate at which energy is used by an individual at rest to maintain vital functions. Factors affecting BMR: Age Sex Body size and composition Hormonal levels Environmental temperature Fever and stress 3. Balanced Diet A diet containing all essential nutrients in appropriate quantities and proportions. Should include: Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Vitamins and Minerals Water and dietary fiber 4. Dehydration Definition: A condition caused by excessive loss of body water. Causes: Diarrhea, vomiting, excessive sweating, burns, fever. Symptoms: Thirst, dry mouth, reduced urination, dizziness, confusion.