ISTM 210 TEST #3 ALL SOLUTION
LATEST EDITION 2024 EDITION ALL
100% CORRECT GUARANTEED GRADE A+
Database software is a
well thought-out collection of computer files, the most important of
which are called tables. These tables that consist of records (rows)
of data separated by fields (columns) that can be queried (questioned)
to produce subsets of information.
What are you looking for in a database?
criteria
what is the most widely used database software in the world?
Oracle
What is the most important computer file in a database
tables
Tables
Tables are where a database holds data. Tables consist of records
(rows) separated by fields (columns) that can be queried (questioned)
to produce subsets of information. The records retrieved by these
queries become information that can be used to make business
decisions
records are ___ and fields are ___
rows; columns
Database management systems (DBMS)
Databases are created using software systems known as database
management systems (DBMS). In a DBMS, data is stored in computer
files called tables, and tables are connected to other tables with
related information; hence, a relational database.
relational database
tables are connected to other tables with related information
Business databases are
ALWAYS DISTRIBUTED on a computer network for multiple users.
It can be argued that the first database management systems were
filing cabinets
A typical filing cabinet might have three drawers marked with
alphabetical characters. For instance, the top drawer might be
labeled "A through H". Once a drawer is opened, alphabetical tabs
separate folders.
Other files that exist within a database can include
reports, saved query files, and forms
Reports
,reports display database information on screen or on paper
Saved query files
used to find specific populations (subsets) within databases
forms
overlay data tables and queries for more specific views of data
Often forms are very simple and display only a single record from the
table at a time. When creating a form, we must decide which fields
from the table should appear on the form. We also decide how these
fields should be arranged.
Database designers construct databases by using
entity relationship (ER) diagrams
Entity relationship modeling (ERM)
is a database-modeling method used to construct a theoretical and
conceptual representation of data to produce a schema
Simply stated, an ERM is a picture of a database's tables and how
they relate to each other.
A database schema
is a "map" of data tables and their relationships to one another --
all the boxes with lines connecting relationships
What do Database designers need to know?
A BUSINESS
They begin by finding out what a business does and how they do it.
For instance, a business may have "customers" that tells the designer
that the database will need a "Customers" table.
Fields (attributes)
The database designer finds out what is unique to those customers,
like their first names, last names, addresses, and then these are
included as fields (called attributes) in the "Customers" table on
the ER design.
Once the structure of the "Customers" table is complete, the database
designer may find out that the business's customers place orders with
them and sometimes more than one order. The database designer will
construct an "Orders" table with fields like "Order Date", "Shipped
Date", etc.
"One to Many" relationship
When the Orders table is complete, the database designer designates
its relationship to the Customers table by understanding that "one"
customer can place "one or many" orders establishing what is called a
"One to Many" relationship between these two tables. Once the
conceptual structure of the ERM is complete, the designer can start
making the tables in the database.
What else is a database designer expected to know?
,The database designer is also required to know what a business'
expectations are of its DBMS. Like, what sort of "questions" or
queries will the business require? Often, more experienced designers
will consult with a business to help them realize the vast potential
of a well-organized DBMS.
At first glance, a DBMS seems
restrictive
especially relative to other business application software. Most
business application software, like word processors or spreadsheets
present the end user with a blank file, which is ready for use.
Database software is different, requiring the end user to create
their own files starting with tables and then relating them to each
other
"data validation" rules
these rules help to ensure the data's integrity. Data integrity
techniques attempt to avoid data input errors like typing mistakes.
avoid data redundancy
The nature and structure of a well thought-out database management
system helps a business avoid data redundancy. For instance, only a
singular table holds personal information about a person. A person's
unique information, like name and address information, resides in
just one place in the entire DBMS.
Avoiding data redundancy ensures accuracy system wide throughout a
DBMS which can reduce reconciliation errors immensely.
having a name in one single table
That means that if a DBMS consists of 23 forms and 124 reports, that
include a person's name, the name will always display the same way.
If the name is wrong, it only has to be corrected in one singular
place; on the table that holds the "name" data and all forms and
reports will display the name correctly.
Databases store all kinds of sensitive information, like
social security numbers, employee pay rates, and credit scores. DBMS
systems have the ability to store information securely by giving
certain end-users access to data and other end-users limited access
to the same data.
For instance, a human resource director may have complete access to
all of a human resources database system; whereas, her employees may
not be able to see all of the data in the same system, like a fellow
employee's pay rate.
Structured Query Language (SQL)
is the most widely used standard computer language for relational
databases as it allows a programmer to manipulate and query data. One
of the most common uses of SQL is to query a table(s).
, PRONOUNCED SEQUIL
A table might have the names of 10,000 book titles and their prices.
If a person wanted to know which books in the data table cost more
than $100, he could set up a SQL statement like the following:
SELECT Title
FROM Book
WHERE Price > 100
ORDER BY Title
The SQL above "Selects" the "Title" field (column) "From" the table
named "Book" "Where" the book's "Price" is greater than $100. Once
the query is run, the results of the query will be in "Order" of the
"Title" field of the book(s).
Data is
fluid because it changes all the time
business transactions are always in
TABLES
New books can be added and deleted from the data table in the above
example using other SQL statements such as
APPEND, DELETE and UPDATE queries
SQL vs manual
A very simple " UPDATE" query similar to the " SELECT" one above
could be written to do the entire job in seconds. It would actually
take longer to write the SQL update query (a few minutes) than it
would to process the job.
The update query would take a matter of seconds to do what would take
days to do manually.
Design mode is also called
schema
field mask
restricts data input (zip code be 5 digits)
15.5 example
reread and know the advantages and disadvantages or word,
spreadsheets, and database
mail merge
A process that inserts variable information into a standardized
document to produce a personalized or customized document.
Zach could modify his existing REO Fact Sheet template to mail merge
with only one other Word document
Business database scenario ADVANTAGES
-His new database was on a network drive now so he didn't have to
worry about backups, that he rarely did anyway
-He no longer had to manage 500 individual Word document files. He
LATEST EDITION 2024 EDITION ALL
100% CORRECT GUARANTEED GRADE A+
Database software is a
well thought-out collection of computer files, the most important of
which are called tables. These tables that consist of records (rows)
of data separated by fields (columns) that can be queried (questioned)
to produce subsets of information.
What are you looking for in a database?
criteria
what is the most widely used database software in the world?
Oracle
What is the most important computer file in a database
tables
Tables
Tables are where a database holds data. Tables consist of records
(rows) separated by fields (columns) that can be queried (questioned)
to produce subsets of information. The records retrieved by these
queries become information that can be used to make business
decisions
records are ___ and fields are ___
rows; columns
Database management systems (DBMS)
Databases are created using software systems known as database
management systems (DBMS). In a DBMS, data is stored in computer
files called tables, and tables are connected to other tables with
related information; hence, a relational database.
relational database
tables are connected to other tables with related information
Business databases are
ALWAYS DISTRIBUTED on a computer network for multiple users.
It can be argued that the first database management systems were
filing cabinets
A typical filing cabinet might have three drawers marked with
alphabetical characters. For instance, the top drawer might be
labeled "A through H". Once a drawer is opened, alphabetical tabs
separate folders.
Other files that exist within a database can include
reports, saved query files, and forms
Reports
,reports display database information on screen or on paper
Saved query files
used to find specific populations (subsets) within databases
forms
overlay data tables and queries for more specific views of data
Often forms are very simple and display only a single record from the
table at a time. When creating a form, we must decide which fields
from the table should appear on the form. We also decide how these
fields should be arranged.
Database designers construct databases by using
entity relationship (ER) diagrams
Entity relationship modeling (ERM)
is a database-modeling method used to construct a theoretical and
conceptual representation of data to produce a schema
Simply stated, an ERM is a picture of a database's tables and how
they relate to each other.
A database schema
is a "map" of data tables and their relationships to one another --
all the boxes with lines connecting relationships
What do Database designers need to know?
A BUSINESS
They begin by finding out what a business does and how they do it.
For instance, a business may have "customers" that tells the designer
that the database will need a "Customers" table.
Fields (attributes)
The database designer finds out what is unique to those customers,
like their first names, last names, addresses, and then these are
included as fields (called attributes) in the "Customers" table on
the ER design.
Once the structure of the "Customers" table is complete, the database
designer may find out that the business's customers place orders with
them and sometimes more than one order. The database designer will
construct an "Orders" table with fields like "Order Date", "Shipped
Date", etc.
"One to Many" relationship
When the Orders table is complete, the database designer designates
its relationship to the Customers table by understanding that "one"
customer can place "one or many" orders establishing what is called a
"One to Many" relationship between these two tables. Once the
conceptual structure of the ERM is complete, the designer can start
making the tables in the database.
What else is a database designer expected to know?
,The database designer is also required to know what a business'
expectations are of its DBMS. Like, what sort of "questions" or
queries will the business require? Often, more experienced designers
will consult with a business to help them realize the vast potential
of a well-organized DBMS.
At first glance, a DBMS seems
restrictive
especially relative to other business application software. Most
business application software, like word processors or spreadsheets
present the end user with a blank file, which is ready for use.
Database software is different, requiring the end user to create
their own files starting with tables and then relating them to each
other
"data validation" rules
these rules help to ensure the data's integrity. Data integrity
techniques attempt to avoid data input errors like typing mistakes.
avoid data redundancy
The nature and structure of a well thought-out database management
system helps a business avoid data redundancy. For instance, only a
singular table holds personal information about a person. A person's
unique information, like name and address information, resides in
just one place in the entire DBMS.
Avoiding data redundancy ensures accuracy system wide throughout a
DBMS which can reduce reconciliation errors immensely.
having a name in one single table
That means that if a DBMS consists of 23 forms and 124 reports, that
include a person's name, the name will always display the same way.
If the name is wrong, it only has to be corrected in one singular
place; on the table that holds the "name" data and all forms and
reports will display the name correctly.
Databases store all kinds of sensitive information, like
social security numbers, employee pay rates, and credit scores. DBMS
systems have the ability to store information securely by giving
certain end-users access to data and other end-users limited access
to the same data.
For instance, a human resource director may have complete access to
all of a human resources database system; whereas, her employees may
not be able to see all of the data in the same system, like a fellow
employee's pay rate.
Structured Query Language (SQL)
is the most widely used standard computer language for relational
databases as it allows a programmer to manipulate and query data. One
of the most common uses of SQL is to query a table(s).
, PRONOUNCED SEQUIL
A table might have the names of 10,000 book titles and their prices.
If a person wanted to know which books in the data table cost more
than $100, he could set up a SQL statement like the following:
SELECT Title
FROM Book
WHERE Price > 100
ORDER BY Title
The SQL above "Selects" the "Title" field (column) "From" the table
named "Book" "Where" the book's "Price" is greater than $100. Once
the query is run, the results of the query will be in "Order" of the
"Title" field of the book(s).
Data is
fluid because it changes all the time
business transactions are always in
TABLES
New books can be added and deleted from the data table in the above
example using other SQL statements such as
APPEND, DELETE and UPDATE queries
SQL vs manual
A very simple " UPDATE" query similar to the " SELECT" one above
could be written to do the entire job in seconds. It would actually
take longer to write the SQL update query (a few minutes) than it
would to process the job.
The update query would take a matter of seconds to do what would take
days to do manually.
Design mode is also called
schema
field mask
restricts data input (zip code be 5 digits)
15.5 example
reread and know the advantages and disadvantages or word,
spreadsheets, and database
mail merge
A process that inserts variable information into a standardized
document to produce a personalized or customized document.
Zach could modify his existing REO Fact Sheet template to mail merge
with only one other Word document
Business database scenario ADVANTAGES
-His new database was on a network drive now so he didn't have to
worry about backups, that he rarely did anyway
-He no longer had to manage 500 individual Word document files. He
