LEO Phase II Study Guide Exam Review LATEST
EDITION WITH CORRET ANSWERS SOLUTION
GUARANTEED GRADE A+
What is "negligence" as applied to civil liability proceedings involving actions by law enforcement
officers? - ANSWER-- An officer may be negligent when he or she does not act with due regard under the
circumstances
- An officer may be negligent when he or she fails to comply with agency policies
- An officer may be negligent when he or she fails to comply with state statutory
Operator of a non-emergency vehicle shall not follow an emergency vehicle operating with visible or
audible signals functioning closer than... - ANSWER-500 feet
Reason(s) for vehicle inspection sheet? - ANSWER-- Establishes responsibility for any damages
- Provides a way to keep track of things which might require maintenance
- May serve as a defense against potential legal liability
Two common problems with rear view mirrors - ANSWER-- Do not give the driver depth perception
- Allow for "blind spots"
Reason(s) seat belts should be used? - ANSWER-- Prevent ejection of the user from the vehicle
- Minimize ride-down
- Widen the "safety zone" that is, the area between the driver and the impact object
Steering method deemed most effective as a method of skid control - ANSWER-Hand-over-hand steering
OR hand-to-hand steering (shuffle)
ABS braking is most effective in which situation? - ANSWER-Stopping in the shortest possible distance
while maintaining steering control
Three components of driving - ANSWER-- Awareness
,- Space Management
- Crash avoidance
Steps to Smith System of Driving - ANSWER-- Aim high in driving
- Get the big picture
- Keep your eyes moving
- Leave yourself an out
- Make sure they can see you
Steps in the SIPDE System of Driving - ANSWER-- Search
- Identify
- Predict
- Decide
- Execute
Approach considerations for Officers passing through an intersection - ANSWER-- Scan in all directions
for path-of-travel restrictions or intersecting traffic
- Slow down to a speed which allows safe passage through the intersection
- Should never assume that cross traffic will yield the right of way to lights and siren
Common "driver-related" factor(s) which can minimize stopping distance - ANSWER-- Driver's reaction
time
- Driver's skill at scanning ahead and anticipating other driver's actions
- Driver's overall emotional state and physical condition
While operating in Emergency Response, what factors may affect an officer's decision-making process? -
ANSWER-- Decrease in the effectiveness of central and peripheral vision as speeds increase and the
officer becomes more tense and focused
- At higher speeds, acceleration, braking and steering forces of a vehicle come closer to their threshold
of failure and the officer may "over drive" the vehicle's capabilities
,- Decisions are more difficult in an emergency situation because it is hard to accurately predict the
reactions of other drivers
When should an officer pull off the road during a rapid air loss situation... - ANSWER-After the vehicle
has slowed down and is controllable
Proper road technique for recovery during a total off-road situation - ANSWER-- Off the gas
- Off the brakes
- Steer to maintain control
- Ease back onto road
Proper technique to recover when hydroplaning - ANSWER-take your foot off the accelerator and steer
straight ahead until tire / road contact is re-established
Primary purpose of counter-steering - ANSWER-Counter the effects of a previous turning movement or
of a skid and return the vehicle to the desired direction of travel
"Threshold braking" technique on a non-ABS car - ANSWER-Driver applies maximum pressure to brakes
just prior to the point of lockup, retaining steering control and maintains pressure at that point
Technique to try to correct a braking skid without ABS - ANSWER-Release a minimum amount of brake
pressure to get wheels turning and regain steering control, and steer in the direction which you want
the front of the vehicle to go
Recommended technique for trying to correct a cornering skid - ANSWER-Ease your foot off the
accelerator, stay off the brake, and steer in the direction you wish the car to go, avoiding rapid over
corrections of steering
Minimum time frame which a law enforcement vehicle should maintain when following another vehicle,
to best ensure officer safety (seconds) - ANSWER-4 seconds
Accurate and precise use of the radio in emergency situations is important because: - ANSWER-- It
enhances officer safety by making your location known to responding units
, - it increases the likelihood obtaining help when necessary
Who are the critical participants in radio communication in an emergency situation? - ANSWER-Officer
involved
Dispatcher
What are the elements of a pursuit? - ANSWER-- On-duty law enforcement officer
- In an authorized law enforcement vehicle
- Giving audible and visual signal
- Driver of such vehicle is aware that the law enforcement officer is trying to stop him or her, and resists
that attempt
- That the reason for the pursuit may embrace traffic offenses, including speeding itself, misdemeanor
offenses, and felonies
Elements of "objectively reasonable" pursuit - ANSWER-- The severity of the alleged crime at issue
- Whether the suspect poses an imminent threat to the safety of others
- Whether the suspect is actively resisting or attempting to evade arrest by flight
Cavanaugh v. Andrade generally provides immunity from lawsuit due to pursuit except for what reason?
- ANSWER-If the authorized emergency vehicle was operated without due regard
Course of action when pursued vehicle strikes another vehicle and you are pursuing alone? - ANSWER-
Stop and provide assistance to the occupants of the struck vehicle, while notifying the dispatcher that
you have terminated your pursuit to attend to the crash
First step when initiating a pursuit - ANSWER-Activate emergency lights and siren and notify dispatch
Advantages for maintaining adequate maneuvering space during a pursuit - ANSWER-- Have more room
to take evasive action to avoid or minimize an accident
- Better see all of the traffic movement ahead of you
- More safely make sudden stops and lane changes
EDITION WITH CORRET ANSWERS SOLUTION
GUARANTEED GRADE A+
What is "negligence" as applied to civil liability proceedings involving actions by law enforcement
officers? - ANSWER-- An officer may be negligent when he or she does not act with due regard under the
circumstances
- An officer may be negligent when he or she fails to comply with agency policies
- An officer may be negligent when he or she fails to comply with state statutory
Operator of a non-emergency vehicle shall not follow an emergency vehicle operating with visible or
audible signals functioning closer than... - ANSWER-500 feet
Reason(s) for vehicle inspection sheet? - ANSWER-- Establishes responsibility for any damages
- Provides a way to keep track of things which might require maintenance
- May serve as a defense against potential legal liability
Two common problems with rear view mirrors - ANSWER-- Do not give the driver depth perception
- Allow for "blind spots"
Reason(s) seat belts should be used? - ANSWER-- Prevent ejection of the user from the vehicle
- Minimize ride-down
- Widen the "safety zone" that is, the area between the driver and the impact object
Steering method deemed most effective as a method of skid control - ANSWER-Hand-over-hand steering
OR hand-to-hand steering (shuffle)
ABS braking is most effective in which situation? - ANSWER-Stopping in the shortest possible distance
while maintaining steering control
Three components of driving - ANSWER-- Awareness
,- Space Management
- Crash avoidance
Steps to Smith System of Driving - ANSWER-- Aim high in driving
- Get the big picture
- Keep your eyes moving
- Leave yourself an out
- Make sure they can see you
Steps in the SIPDE System of Driving - ANSWER-- Search
- Identify
- Predict
- Decide
- Execute
Approach considerations for Officers passing through an intersection - ANSWER-- Scan in all directions
for path-of-travel restrictions or intersecting traffic
- Slow down to a speed which allows safe passage through the intersection
- Should never assume that cross traffic will yield the right of way to lights and siren
Common "driver-related" factor(s) which can minimize stopping distance - ANSWER-- Driver's reaction
time
- Driver's skill at scanning ahead and anticipating other driver's actions
- Driver's overall emotional state and physical condition
While operating in Emergency Response, what factors may affect an officer's decision-making process? -
ANSWER-- Decrease in the effectiveness of central and peripheral vision as speeds increase and the
officer becomes more tense and focused
- At higher speeds, acceleration, braking and steering forces of a vehicle come closer to their threshold
of failure and the officer may "over drive" the vehicle's capabilities
,- Decisions are more difficult in an emergency situation because it is hard to accurately predict the
reactions of other drivers
When should an officer pull off the road during a rapid air loss situation... - ANSWER-After the vehicle
has slowed down and is controllable
Proper road technique for recovery during a total off-road situation - ANSWER-- Off the gas
- Off the brakes
- Steer to maintain control
- Ease back onto road
Proper technique to recover when hydroplaning - ANSWER-take your foot off the accelerator and steer
straight ahead until tire / road contact is re-established
Primary purpose of counter-steering - ANSWER-Counter the effects of a previous turning movement or
of a skid and return the vehicle to the desired direction of travel
"Threshold braking" technique on a non-ABS car - ANSWER-Driver applies maximum pressure to brakes
just prior to the point of lockup, retaining steering control and maintains pressure at that point
Technique to try to correct a braking skid without ABS - ANSWER-Release a minimum amount of brake
pressure to get wheels turning and regain steering control, and steer in the direction which you want
the front of the vehicle to go
Recommended technique for trying to correct a cornering skid - ANSWER-Ease your foot off the
accelerator, stay off the brake, and steer in the direction you wish the car to go, avoiding rapid over
corrections of steering
Minimum time frame which a law enforcement vehicle should maintain when following another vehicle,
to best ensure officer safety (seconds) - ANSWER-4 seconds
Accurate and precise use of the radio in emergency situations is important because: - ANSWER-- It
enhances officer safety by making your location known to responding units
, - it increases the likelihood obtaining help when necessary
Who are the critical participants in radio communication in an emergency situation? - ANSWER-Officer
involved
Dispatcher
What are the elements of a pursuit? - ANSWER-- On-duty law enforcement officer
- In an authorized law enforcement vehicle
- Giving audible and visual signal
- Driver of such vehicle is aware that the law enforcement officer is trying to stop him or her, and resists
that attempt
- That the reason for the pursuit may embrace traffic offenses, including speeding itself, misdemeanor
offenses, and felonies
Elements of "objectively reasonable" pursuit - ANSWER-- The severity of the alleged crime at issue
- Whether the suspect poses an imminent threat to the safety of others
- Whether the suspect is actively resisting or attempting to evade arrest by flight
Cavanaugh v. Andrade generally provides immunity from lawsuit due to pursuit except for what reason?
- ANSWER-If the authorized emergency vehicle was operated without due regard
Course of action when pursued vehicle strikes another vehicle and you are pursuing alone? - ANSWER-
Stop and provide assistance to the occupants of the struck vehicle, while notifying the dispatcher that
you have terminated your pursuit to attend to the crash
First step when initiating a pursuit - ANSWER-Activate emergency lights and siren and notify dispatch
Advantages for maintaining adequate maneuvering space during a pursuit - ANSWER-- Have more room
to take evasive action to avoid or minimize an accident
- Better see all of the traffic movement ahead of you
- More safely make sudden stops and lane changes
