SOCIOLOGY 101 EXAM SET 2
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
bride price - ANSWER-brides family recieves gifts from grooms family in recognition
of women's labor
dowry - ANSWER-also referred to as groom price; money, objects provided to
groom's family
social group - ANSWER-two or more people who identify with and interact with one
another; the clusters of people with whom we interact in our daily lives
category - ANSWER-groups of people that may share a similar status but may in fact
be strangers to one another; refers to people with some characteristic in common;
i.e. homeschoolers, Roman Catholics
crowd - ANSWER-a loosely formed collection of people in a physical place
primary groups - ANSWER-groups defined by close, personal relationships that have
personal orientation; end in themselves
secondary groups - ANSWER-groups defined by impersonal relationships that have
goal-oretiantion; means to an end
ideal types - ANSWER-A classical idea by Weber that constructs created by
researchers contain all important characteristics of any social phenomena to better
understand them
counterculture - ANSWER-culture practices or patterns that are opposite of the
mainstream society
cultural lag - ANSWER-various part of cultures that change at different speeds; gaps
between elements in a culture, NOT between people
dyad - ANSWER-Simmel, a group of two people
triad - ANSWER-Simmel, a group of three people
group conformity - ANSWER-groups exert power of people;, the degree to which
group members accept and follow group norms
traditional society - ANSWER-preindustrial, emphasis on old ways of living, Amish, A
society in which the past is thought to be the best guide for the present;
characterizes tribal, peasant, and feudal societies.
, rational society - ANSWER-An idea by Max Weber which was based on reason,
rationality, calculating, an industrial world. Has to do more with I and Me. People
relating to one another role to role, indifferent to the past.
rationality - ANSWER-deliberatly, purposefully, looking for ways to achieve efficiency
efficiency - ANSWER-ways of maximizing output while minimizing input
authority - ANSWER-the right to give orders, make decisions, or take action
traditional authority - ANSWER-leaders who have right to rule by tradition, inherit
power; i.e. monarchy
legal-rational authority - ANSWER-leaders who are more efficient, chosen as most
capable for job, time of power in office is usually limited; i.e. democracy
induction - ANSWER-reasoning from detailed facts to general principles; theory
exists as a result of observation
autonomous agents - ANSWER-prospective subjects who are informed about a
proposed study and who can voluntarily choose whether to participate
beneficience - ANSWER-benefits of research must be outweigh risks; have to
protect health and well-being of subjects/self
Stanford Prison Study - ANSWER-A social psychological study conducted at
Stanford University by Philip Zimbardo. Its aim was to study the impact of roles on
behavior. Participants were randomly assigned to play the role of either prisoner or
guard. This study was terminated early because of the role-induced punitive
behavior on the part of the "guards."
ideal culture - ANSWER-how a culture is suppose to be
"real" culture - ANSWER-how we actually live; how a culture actually lives
high culture - ANSWER-culture elements, patterns, or objects associated with elite
popular culture - ANSWER-culture elements, patterns, or objects associated with
general society
nonmaterial culture - ANSWER-ideas, knowledge and beliefs that influence people's
behavior
mores - ANSWER-behaviors important to survival , (sociology) the conventions that
embody the fundamental values of a group
taboos - ANSWER-Mores so strong that their violation is considered to be extremely
offensive and even unmentionable
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
bride price - ANSWER-brides family recieves gifts from grooms family in recognition
of women's labor
dowry - ANSWER-also referred to as groom price; money, objects provided to
groom's family
social group - ANSWER-two or more people who identify with and interact with one
another; the clusters of people with whom we interact in our daily lives
category - ANSWER-groups of people that may share a similar status but may in fact
be strangers to one another; refers to people with some characteristic in common;
i.e. homeschoolers, Roman Catholics
crowd - ANSWER-a loosely formed collection of people in a physical place
primary groups - ANSWER-groups defined by close, personal relationships that have
personal orientation; end in themselves
secondary groups - ANSWER-groups defined by impersonal relationships that have
goal-oretiantion; means to an end
ideal types - ANSWER-A classical idea by Weber that constructs created by
researchers contain all important characteristics of any social phenomena to better
understand them
counterculture - ANSWER-culture practices or patterns that are opposite of the
mainstream society
cultural lag - ANSWER-various part of cultures that change at different speeds; gaps
between elements in a culture, NOT between people
dyad - ANSWER-Simmel, a group of two people
triad - ANSWER-Simmel, a group of three people
group conformity - ANSWER-groups exert power of people;, the degree to which
group members accept and follow group norms
traditional society - ANSWER-preindustrial, emphasis on old ways of living, Amish, A
society in which the past is thought to be the best guide for the present;
characterizes tribal, peasant, and feudal societies.
, rational society - ANSWER-An idea by Max Weber which was based on reason,
rationality, calculating, an industrial world. Has to do more with I and Me. People
relating to one another role to role, indifferent to the past.
rationality - ANSWER-deliberatly, purposefully, looking for ways to achieve efficiency
efficiency - ANSWER-ways of maximizing output while minimizing input
authority - ANSWER-the right to give orders, make decisions, or take action
traditional authority - ANSWER-leaders who have right to rule by tradition, inherit
power; i.e. monarchy
legal-rational authority - ANSWER-leaders who are more efficient, chosen as most
capable for job, time of power in office is usually limited; i.e. democracy
induction - ANSWER-reasoning from detailed facts to general principles; theory
exists as a result of observation
autonomous agents - ANSWER-prospective subjects who are informed about a
proposed study and who can voluntarily choose whether to participate
beneficience - ANSWER-benefits of research must be outweigh risks; have to
protect health and well-being of subjects/self
Stanford Prison Study - ANSWER-A social psychological study conducted at
Stanford University by Philip Zimbardo. Its aim was to study the impact of roles on
behavior. Participants were randomly assigned to play the role of either prisoner or
guard. This study was terminated early because of the role-induced punitive
behavior on the part of the "guards."
ideal culture - ANSWER-how a culture is suppose to be
"real" culture - ANSWER-how we actually live; how a culture actually lives
high culture - ANSWER-culture elements, patterns, or objects associated with elite
popular culture - ANSWER-culture elements, patterns, or objects associated with
general society
nonmaterial culture - ANSWER-ideas, knowledge and beliefs that influence people's
behavior
mores - ANSWER-behaviors important to survival , (sociology) the conventions that
embody the fundamental values of a group
taboos - ANSWER-Mores so strong that their violation is considered to be extremely
offensive and even unmentionable
