WGU D311 MICROBIOLOGY EXAM |
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED
A+ | 2025/2026 LATEST GUIDE
How does the epidermis help prevent infection and disease?
- Correct Answer - It provides a harsh environment for most pathogens
and periodically sheds.
How does the complement system contribute to the innate immune
response?
- Correct Answer - It is composed of proteins that can be activated by
the presence of pathogens to form the membrane attack complex
(MAC).
Why are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) considered an innate immune
function?
- Correct Answer - AMPs are produced both routinely and as a response
to pathogens.
Which terms refer to monocytes when they differentiate into tissue-
specific phagocytes?
- Correct Answer - Macrophages and dendritic cells
What is specifically being reported if the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention reports 10,000 new cases of COVID-19?
- Correct Answer - Incidence
,What is the difference between prevalence and incidence?
- Correct Answer - Prevalence refers to the total number of infections;
incidence refers only to new cases.
Which term refers to a disease that occurs on a worldwide scale at a
given time?
- Correct Answer - Pandemic
Why are etiologic agents significant to epidemiologists?
- Correct Answer - Etiologic agents are the pathogens that cause
disease.
Which kind of diseases must be reported to the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention in order to prevent future pandemics?
- Correct Answer - Notifiable diseases
How does the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) obtain
the latest data on typical illnesses to publish in the Morbidity and
Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)?
- Correct Answer - Through mandatory reporting of notifiable disease
cases by healthcare providers
What can cause an infectious disease to become a reemerging disease?
- Correct Answer - The responsible pathogen becomes drug resistant.
What does the World Health Organization (WHO) do to prevent future
pandemics?
- Correct Answer - The WHO maintains a global alert and response
system from data from multiple countries.
, A patient taking the antibiotic cephalexin for a urinary tract infection
developed severe diarrhea two days after completing the five-day course
of treatment.
What is an explanation for the development of this patient's diarrhea?
- Correct Answer - Cephalexin disrupted the normal intestinal
microbiome.
Store-bought, packaged soil used to promote rapid plant growth was
accidentally irradiated, thus killing the bacteria that had been in the soil.
Which impact would this have on farmers?
- Correct Answer - Plants would die due to a lack of absorbable forms of
nitrogen and phosphorus.
A hospital infection preventionist has instituted a policy to prevent
nosocomial infections.
Which guideline is an effective component of this policy?
- Correct Answer - Healthcare personnel must wear personal protective
equipment at all times.
A family and its dog were hiking and swimming in the woods. Two days
later, each family member developed a large bull's-eye lesion on their
arm, and the dog became anorexic and lethargic.
Which control measure will be helpful to prevent the development of a
future infection caused by the same microorganism?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED
A+ | 2025/2026 LATEST GUIDE
How does the epidermis help prevent infection and disease?
- Correct Answer - It provides a harsh environment for most pathogens
and periodically sheds.
How does the complement system contribute to the innate immune
response?
- Correct Answer - It is composed of proteins that can be activated by
the presence of pathogens to form the membrane attack complex
(MAC).
Why are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) considered an innate immune
function?
- Correct Answer - AMPs are produced both routinely and as a response
to pathogens.
Which terms refer to monocytes when they differentiate into tissue-
specific phagocytes?
- Correct Answer - Macrophages and dendritic cells
What is specifically being reported if the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention reports 10,000 new cases of COVID-19?
- Correct Answer - Incidence
,What is the difference between prevalence and incidence?
- Correct Answer - Prevalence refers to the total number of infections;
incidence refers only to new cases.
Which term refers to a disease that occurs on a worldwide scale at a
given time?
- Correct Answer - Pandemic
Why are etiologic agents significant to epidemiologists?
- Correct Answer - Etiologic agents are the pathogens that cause
disease.
Which kind of diseases must be reported to the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention in order to prevent future pandemics?
- Correct Answer - Notifiable diseases
How does the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) obtain
the latest data on typical illnesses to publish in the Morbidity and
Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)?
- Correct Answer - Through mandatory reporting of notifiable disease
cases by healthcare providers
What can cause an infectious disease to become a reemerging disease?
- Correct Answer - The responsible pathogen becomes drug resistant.
What does the World Health Organization (WHO) do to prevent future
pandemics?
- Correct Answer - The WHO maintains a global alert and response
system from data from multiple countries.
, A patient taking the antibiotic cephalexin for a urinary tract infection
developed severe diarrhea two days after completing the five-day course
of treatment.
What is an explanation for the development of this patient's diarrhea?
- Correct Answer - Cephalexin disrupted the normal intestinal
microbiome.
Store-bought, packaged soil used to promote rapid plant growth was
accidentally irradiated, thus killing the bacteria that had been in the soil.
Which impact would this have on farmers?
- Correct Answer - Plants would die due to a lack of absorbable forms of
nitrogen and phosphorus.
A hospital infection preventionist has instituted a policy to prevent
nosocomial infections.
Which guideline is an effective component of this policy?
- Correct Answer - Healthcare personnel must wear personal protective
equipment at all times.
A family and its dog were hiking and swimming in the woods. Two days
later, each family member developed a large bull's-eye lesion on their
arm, and the dog became anorexic and lethargic.
Which control measure will be helpful to prevent the development of a
future infection caused by the same microorganism?
