C715 Exam 5 Questions With Correct Answers!!
Machiavellianism
The degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes that
ends can justify means.
narcissism
The tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require
excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement.
psychopathy
The tendency for a lack of concern for others and a lack of guilt or remorse when their actions
cause harm.
Core self-evaluations (CSEs)
are bottom-line conclusions individuals have about their capabilities, competence, and worth as
a person.
Self-monitoring
describes an individual's ability to adjust behavior to external, situational factors
High self-monitors
show considerable adaptability in adjusting their behavior to external situational factors. They
are highly sensitive to external cues and can behave differently in varying situations, sometimes
presenting striking contradictions between their public personae and their private selves.
Low self-monitors
They tend to display their true dispositions and attitudes in every situation; hence, there is
high behavioral consistency between who they are and what they do.
proactive personality
,-identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change
occurs, compared to others who generally react to situations
-have many desirable behaviors that organizations covet & often achieve career success
-They have higher levels of job performance and do not need much oversight
-They are receptive to changes in job demands and thrive when they can informally tailor
their jobs to their strengths.
Situation strength theory
proposes that the way personality translates into behavior depends on the strength of the
situation.
CLARITY
CONSISTENCY
CONSTRAINTS
CONSEQUENCES
Clarity
the degree to which cues about work duties and responsibilities are available and clear. Jobs high
in this produce strong situations because individuals can readily determine what to do. For
example, the job of janitor probably provides higher TERM about each task than the job of
nanny.
Consistency
the extent to which cues regarding work duties and responsibilities are compatible with one
another. Jobs high in this represent strong situations because all the cues point toward the same
desired behavior. The job of acute care nurse, for example, probably has higher TERM than
the job of manager.
Constraints
the extent to which individuals' freedom to decide or act is limited by forces outside their control.
Jobs with many TERM represent strong situations because an individual has limited individual
discretion. Bank examiner, for example, is probably a job with stronger TERMs than forest
ranger.
, Consequences
the degree to which decisions or actions have important implications for the organization or its
members, clients, supplies, and so on. Jobs with important TERM represent strong situations
because the environment is probably heavily structured to guard against mistakes. A surgeon's
job, for example, has higher TERM than a foreign-language teacher's.
trait activation theory (TAT)
A theory that predicts that some situations, events, or interventions "activate" a trait more
than others.
Values
represent basic convictions that "a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is
personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of
existence.
value system
A hierarchy based on a ranking of an individual's values in terms of their intensity.
terminal values
desirable end-states of existence; the goals a person would like to achieve during his or
her lifetime
freedom, health, wellbeing
instrumental values
refers to preferable modes of behavior, or means of achieving the terminal values
self-reliance, kindness, goal-orientation
personality–job fit theory
John Holland's theory that identifies six personality types and proposes that the fit
between personality type and occupational environment determines satisfaction and
turnover Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional
Machiavellianism
The degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes that
ends can justify means.
narcissism
The tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require
excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement.
psychopathy
The tendency for a lack of concern for others and a lack of guilt or remorse when their actions
cause harm.
Core self-evaluations (CSEs)
are bottom-line conclusions individuals have about their capabilities, competence, and worth as
a person.
Self-monitoring
describes an individual's ability to adjust behavior to external, situational factors
High self-monitors
show considerable adaptability in adjusting their behavior to external situational factors. They
are highly sensitive to external cues and can behave differently in varying situations, sometimes
presenting striking contradictions between their public personae and their private selves.
Low self-monitors
They tend to display their true dispositions and attitudes in every situation; hence, there is
high behavioral consistency between who they are and what they do.
proactive personality
,-identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change
occurs, compared to others who generally react to situations
-have many desirable behaviors that organizations covet & often achieve career success
-They have higher levels of job performance and do not need much oversight
-They are receptive to changes in job demands and thrive when they can informally tailor
their jobs to their strengths.
Situation strength theory
proposes that the way personality translates into behavior depends on the strength of the
situation.
CLARITY
CONSISTENCY
CONSTRAINTS
CONSEQUENCES
Clarity
the degree to which cues about work duties and responsibilities are available and clear. Jobs high
in this produce strong situations because individuals can readily determine what to do. For
example, the job of janitor probably provides higher TERM about each task than the job of
nanny.
Consistency
the extent to which cues regarding work duties and responsibilities are compatible with one
another. Jobs high in this represent strong situations because all the cues point toward the same
desired behavior. The job of acute care nurse, for example, probably has higher TERM than
the job of manager.
Constraints
the extent to which individuals' freedom to decide or act is limited by forces outside their control.
Jobs with many TERM represent strong situations because an individual has limited individual
discretion. Bank examiner, for example, is probably a job with stronger TERMs than forest
ranger.
, Consequences
the degree to which decisions or actions have important implications for the organization or its
members, clients, supplies, and so on. Jobs with important TERM represent strong situations
because the environment is probably heavily structured to guard against mistakes. A surgeon's
job, for example, has higher TERM than a foreign-language teacher's.
trait activation theory (TAT)
A theory that predicts that some situations, events, or interventions "activate" a trait more
than others.
Values
represent basic convictions that "a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is
personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of
existence.
value system
A hierarchy based on a ranking of an individual's values in terms of their intensity.
terminal values
desirable end-states of existence; the goals a person would like to achieve during his or
her lifetime
freedom, health, wellbeing
instrumental values
refers to preferable modes of behavior, or means of achieving the terminal values
self-reliance, kindness, goal-orientation
personality–job fit theory
John Holland's theory that identifies six personality types and proposes that the fit
between personality type and occupational environment determines satisfaction and
turnover Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional
