The Human Body in Health and Illness 7th Edition Test Bank by Barbara Herlihy |All Chapters |Latest Version 2025 A+

The Human Body in Health and Illness 7th Edition Test Bank by Barbara Herlihy |All Chapters |Latest Version 2025 A+ The Human Body in Health and Illness 7th Edition Test Bank by Barbara Herlihy All Chapters.||Graded A++ Chapter 01: Introduction to the Human Body Herlihy: The Human Body in Health and Illness, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What is the branch of science that studies how the body functions? a. Anatomy b. Histology c. Pathology d. Physiology ANS: D 2. Which word comes from the Greek word meaning “to dissect”? a. Anatomy b. Histology c. Pathology d. Physiology ANS: A 3. Which of the following is a higher order of organization? a. Molecule b. Cell c. Organ d. Tissue ANS: C 4. The head is located to the chest. a. anterior b. inferior c. deep d. superior ANS: D 5. The foot is located to the leg. a. proximal b. superior c. superficial d. distal ANS: D 6. The leg is to the thigh. a. distal b. proximal c. superior d. deep ANS: A 7. The thigh is to the foot. a. distal b. proximal c. inferior d. deep ANS: B 8. The thoracic cavity is to the abdominopelvic cavity. a. deep b. distal c. anterior d. superior ANS: D 9. The kneecap is located distal to the a. leg. b. thigh. c. foot. d. toes. ANS: B 10. Which organ is located in both the ventral and thoracic cavities? a. Stomach b. Liver c. Lung d. Spinal cord ANS: C 11. Which organ is located in the ventral cavity but not in the thoracic cavity? a. Lung b. Heart c. Liver d. Brain ANS: C 12. Which organ is located in the dorsal cavity? a. Liver b. Brain c. Heart d. Urinary bladder ANS: B 13. Which of the following is descriptive of the location of the reproductive organs? a. Dorsal cavity and vertebral cavity b. Mediastinum and the thoracic cavity c. Ventral cavity and pelvic cavity d. Pleural cavity and mediastinum ANS: C 14. Which cavity is divided into quadrants? a. Thoracic b. Abdominopelvic c. Dorsal d. Cranial ANS: B 15. Which region is included within the right upper quadrant (RUQ)? a. Umbilical b. Hypogastric c. Right iliac d. Right hypochondriac ANS: D 16. Which region is included within the left lower quadrant (LLQ)? a. Umbilical b. Left hypochondriac c. Epigastric d. Left iliac ANS: D 17. Which of the following refers to the umbilicus? a. Groin b. Armpit c. Navel d. Patellar ANS: C 18. Which of the following refers to the lower back region? a. Groin b. Axillary c. Umbilical d. Lumbar ANS: D 19. Which of the following refers to the groin region? a. Axillary b. Lumbar c. Cranial d. Inguinal ANS: D 20. Which of the following refers to the area in front of the elbow? a. Axillary b. Brachial c. Antecubital d. Popliteal ANS: C 21. Which area appears only on the anterior part of the body? a. Popliteal b. Umbilical c. Lumbar d. Occipital ANS: B 22. Which area appears only on the posterior part of the body? a. Gluteal b. Patellar c. Umbilical d. Sternal ANS: A 23. Which area is inferior to the diaphragm? a. Axillary b. Inguinal c. Occipital d. Cervical ANS: B 24. What is another name for the frontal plane? a. Sagittal plane b. Cross section c. Transverse plane d. Coronal plane ANS: D 25. Which plane divides the body into right and left halves? a. Sagittal b. Coronal c. Transverse d. Frontal ANS: A 26. In which cavity is the mediastinum located? a. Pelvic b. Dorsal c. Thoracic d. Abdominal ANS: kC 27. Which korgan kis klocated kwithin kthe kmediastinum? a. Lungs b. Stomach c. Liver d. Heart ANS: kD 28. In kwhich kcavity kis kthe kheart knot klocated? a. Mediastinum b. Thoracic kcavity c. Ventral kcavity d. Dorsal kcavity ANS: kD 29. Which korgan kis klocated kin kthe kventral kcavity kand kthoracic kcavity kbut knot kin kthe kmediastinum? a. Lung b. Liver c. Stomach d. Heart ANS: kA 30. Which kgroup kis kincorrect? a. Planes: ktransverse, ksagittal, kfrontal b. Cavities: kdorsal, kventral c. Ventral kcavities: kthoracic, kvertebral d. Organs: kheart, kstomach, klungs, kbrain ANS: kC 31. Which kgroup kis kincorrect? a. Cavities: kdorsal, kventral b. Ventral kcavities: kthoracic, kabdominopelvic c. Organ ksystems: kcirculatory, kdigestive, krespiratory, kbrain d. Organs: kheart, kstomach, klungs, kliver ANS: kC 32. Which kgroup kis kincorrect? a. Planes: ksagittal, kfrontal, ktransverse b. Ventral kcavities: kthoracic, kabdominopelvic, kcranial c. Dorsal kcavities: kcranial, kvertebral d. Organ ksystems: kcirculatory, kdigestive, krespiratory ANS: kB 33. The kdistal khumerus k(arm kbone) kis a. closer kto kthe kaxillary karea kthan kto kthe kelbow. b. closer kto kthe kwrist kthan ktokthe kantecubital karea. c. distal kto kthe kwrist. d. closer kto kthe kelbow kthan kto kthe kaxillary karea. ANS: kD 34. The kproximal kend kof kthe kthigh kbone k(femur) kis a. distal kto kthe kknee. b. closer kto kthe kknee kthan kto kthe kinguinal karea. c. distal kto kthe kpedal karea. d. closer kto kthe kinguinal karea kthan kto kthe kumbilical karea. ANS: kD 35. The klung kis klocated kin kthe kthoracic kcavity. kWhat kis kthe krelationship kof kthe klung kto kthe khead? a. Inferior b. Deep c. Anterior d. Superior ANS: kA 36. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ksuperior kto kthe kumbilicus? a. Groin b. Popliteal karea c. Sternal karea d. Pelvic kcavity ANS: kC 37. The kheart kis klocated kin kall kthe kfollowing kexcept kthe a. mediastinum. b. ventral kcavity. c. cranial kcavity. d. thoracic kcavity. ANS: kC 38. The klungs kare klocated kin kall kthe kfollowing kexcept kthe a. thoracic kcavity. b. mediastinum. c. ventral kcavity. d. pleural kcavity. ANS: kB 39. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue kof kthe kdorsal kcavity? a. It kcontains kthe kmediastinum. b. It kcontains kthe kbrain kand kspinal kcord. c. It kcontains kthe kthoracic kcavity. d. It kis ksmaller kthan kthe kcranial kcavity. ANS: kB 40. The ksternal karea kis a. superior kto kthe kcervical kregion. b. the kbreastbone karea. c. deep kto kthe kmediastinum. d. inferior kto kthe kthoracic kcavity. ANS: kB 41. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kdescriptive kof kthe kmediastinum? a. Thoracic kcavity b. Dorsal kcavity c. Abdominopelvic kcavity d. RUQ ANS: kA 42. The ksagittal kplane a. is kalso kcalled kthe kcoronal kplane. b. splits kthe kbody kinto ka ktop kand kbottom. c. splits kthe kbody kinto kfront kand kback. d. splits kthe kbodykinto kright kand kleft. ANS: kD 43. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kleast kdescriptive kof kthe koccipital karea? a. Cranial b. Midepigastric c. Posterior khead d. Superior kto kthe kcervical karea ANS: kB 44. A kpatient khas kbeen kin ka kcar kwreck kand kis kadmitted kto kthe kemergency kdepartment kwith ka kchief kcomplaint kof ksevere kcervical kpain kaccompanied kby kloss kof ksensation kin kall kextremities. kWhich kof kthe kfollowing kindicates kthe ksite kof kpain? a. Lower kback b. Both kknees c. Neck d. RUQ ANS: kC 45. The kLUQ kis a. inferior kto kthe ksternal karea. b. inferior kto kthe kepigastric kregion. c. inferior kto kthe kumbilical kregion. d. located kin kthe kgroin. ANS: kA 46. Which kof kthe kfollowing kdescribes kpain kthat kis klocated kimmediately kbelow kthe kshoulder kblade? a. Cervical b. Lumbar c. Flankkpain d. Subscapular ANS: kD 47. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ksuperior kto kthe klumbar kregion? a. Scapular b. Inguinal c. Popliteal d. Gluteal ANS: kA 48. Ak26-year-old kman kis kscheduled kfor kthe ksurgical krepair kof ka kright kinguinal khernia. kWhich kof kthe kfollowing kareas kis kinvolved ksurgically? a. RUQ b. Umbilical kregion c. Right kiliac kregion d. Right khypochondriac kregion ANS: kC 49. Refer kto kthe kprevious kquestion. kOn kthe kfirst kpostoperative kday, kthe kpatient kis kmost klikelykto kexperience kpain kwhen khe a. brushes khis kteeth. b. eats kbreakfast. c. walks. d. speaks kon kthe kphone. ANS: kC 50. Akphysician khas kdiagnosed ka kpatient kas khaving kan kenlarged kliver. kAccording kto kthe kpatient’s kchart, khis kliver kis kmeasured kas kbeing ktwo kfingers kbelow kthe kcostal kmargin kof kthe krib kcage. kWhere kwas kthe kphysician kpalpating k(feeling) kto kget kthis kmeasurement? a. Umbilical kregion b. LUQ c. Hypogastric kregion d. RUQ ANS: kD 51. Akpatient kwas kadmitted kto kthe kemergency kdepartment kand kthe kphysician krecorded kthe kpatient’s kpain kas kbeing ksubsternal, kradiating kto kthe kleft kaxillary kregion. kWhich kof kthe kfollowing kis ka krestatement kof kthis kdescription? a. The kpain kis ksharp kand kis kassociated kwith knausea kand kvomiting. b. The kpain kis kindicative kof kan kinguinal khernia. c. The kpain kbegins kin kthe kchest kand kradiates kto kthe kleft kflank kand kmedial kthigh. d. The kpain koriginates kbehind kthe kbreastbone kand kradiates kto kthe kleft karmpit karea. ANS: kD 52. Akpatient kwith ka khistorykof kgallbladder kdisease kcomplains kof kmidepigastric kpain kthat kradiates kto kthe kright ksubscapular kregion. kWhich kof kthe kfollowing kbest kdescribes kthe kpain? a. High kabdominal kpain kthat kradiates kto kthe kgroin b. Crushing kchest kpain c. Aching kpain kbehind kthe kbreastbone, kradiating kto kthe kleft kshoulder d. High kabdominal kpain, kradiating kto kbelow kthe kright kshoulder kblade karea ANS: kD 53. Which kplane kpreserves kan kupper kand klower khalf kof kthe kbody? a. Transverse kplane b. Coronal kplane c. Frontal kplane d. Midsagittal ANS: kA 54. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kcontained kin kthe kventral kcavity? a. Thoracic kcavity b. Pleural kcavities c. Abdominopelvic kcavity d. All kof kthe kabove ANS: kD 55. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue? a. The kwrist kis kproximal kto kthe kelbow. b. The kdistal khumerus k(arm kbone) kis kcloser kto kthe kaxilla kthan kto kthe kelbow. c. The kproximal kthigh kbone kis kcloser kto kthe khip kthan kto kthe kknee. d. The kdistal ktibia k(shin kbone) kis kclosed kto kthe kknee kthan kto kthe kankle ANS: kC 56. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue? a. The kdistal kthigh kbone k(femur) kis kcloser kto kthe khip kthan kto kthe kknee. b. The kdistal khumerus k(arm kbone) kis kcloser kto kthe kaxilla kthan kto kthe kelbow. c. The kdistal kshin kbone k(tibia) kis kcloser kto kthe kankle kthan kto kthe kknee. d. The klateral kthigh kis kcloser kto kthe kmidline kof kthe kbody kthan kis kthe kmedial kthigh. ANS: kC 57. The kmedial kthigh kis klocated a. along kthe kplantar ksurface kof kthe kfoot. b. along kthe kinner ksurface kof kthe kupper kextremity. c. on kthe kinner kthigh kregion. d. distal kto kthe kpopliteal kregion. ANS: kC 58. Which kterm krefers kto k“beneath kthe kribs”? a. Iliac b. Inguinal c. Hypochondriac d. RLQ ANS: kC 59. The ktermkviscera krefers kto a. the korgans kof kthe kbody. b. the kcavities kcontained kwithin kthe kventral kcavity. c. the kcavities kcontained kwithin kthe kthoracic kcavity. d. the kdivisions kof kthe kabdominopelvic kcavity. ANS: kA 60. The kventral kcavity kis kthe kanterior kcavity; kthe is kthe kposterior kcavity. a. thoracic kcavity b. dorsal kcavity c. pleural kcavity d. mediastinum ANS: kB 61. The kcaudal kpart kof kthe kspinal kcord kis a. superior kto kthe kthoracic kpart kof kthe kspinal kcord. b. located knear kthe ktailbone. c. interior kto kthe kcervical kspinal kcord. d. located knear kthe kbrain. ANS: kB 62. Which kof kthe kfollowing kincludes kthe kright kiliac kregion? a. RUQ b. Epigastric kregion c. Umbilical kregion d. RLQ ANS: kD 63. The kmedial kcanthus k(corner) kof kthe keye kis a. located knear kthe knose. b. located knear kthe kear. c. superior kto kthe keyebrow. d. inferior kto kthe keyelid. ANS: kA 64. The kplantar kregion kis a. located kin kthe kupper kextremities. b. the kbottom kof kthe kfoot. c. proximal kto kthe kknee. d. the kgroin. ANS: kB 65. Which ktwo kwords kare kdirectional k“opposites”? a. Proximal, kfemoral b. Caudal, kcephalic c. Distal, kperipheral d. Anterior, ksuperficial ANS: kB 66. Pedal, kpatellar, kpopliteal, kand kplantar kare kterms kthat krefer kto a. lower kextremities kareas. b. arm. c. toes. d. structures kthat kare kproximal kto kthe kkneecap. ANS: kA 67. Which kof kthe kfollowing kterms krefers kto kthe karea kalong kthe klateral ktrunk kbetween kthe kribs kand kthe khip kbones? a. Inguinal b. Visceral c. Flank d. Gluteal ANS: kC 68. Buccal, koral, kand korbital kare kterms kthat krefer kto kthe kstructures kin kthe a. neck. b. head. c. flank. d. inguinal karea. ANS: kB 69. With kwhich kword kis klower kback kpain kassociated? a. Flank b. Inguinal c. Lumbar d. Popliteal ANS: kC Chapter k02: kBasic kChemistry Herlihy: kThe kHumankBody kinkHealthkandkIllness, k7thkEdition MULTIPLEkCHOICE 1. Which kof kthe kfollowing kare klocated kin kthe korbits ksurrounding kthe knucleus? a. Isotopes b. Protons c. Electrons d. Neutrons ANS: kC 2. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ka kmeasurement kof khydrogen kion kconcentration k[H+ ]? a. Atomic knumber b. Atomic kmass c. Isotope d. pH ANS: kD 3. The ksharing kof kelectrons kis kreferred kto kas a. covalent kbonding. b. ionic kbonding. c. radioactive kdecay. d. isotope kformation. ANS: kA 4. Which kelement kmust kbe kpresent kfor ka ksubstance kto kbe kclassified kas korganic? a. Iodine b. Iron c. Carbon d. Calcium ANS: kC 5. Akcation kis ka(n) a. positivelykcharged kion. b. electrolyte. c. isotope. d. ion kthat khas kan katomic kmass kof k2. ANS: kA 6. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kan kanion? a. Sodium kion b. Potassium kion c. Chloride kion d. Calciumkion ANS: kC 7. What kkind kof kion kwould khave k8 kprotons kin kits knucleus kand k9 kelectrons kin kits korbits? a. Cation b. Electrolyte c. Acid d. Anion ANS: kD 8. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue kof kan kanion? a. An kanion kalways kionizes kto kformkelectrolytes. b. An kanion kalways khas kan katomic kmass kof k15. c. An kanion kcarries ka knegative kcharge. d. A khydrogen kion kis kan kanion. ANS: kC 9. NaCl, ktable ksalt, kis kcalled ka(n) a. anion. b. electrolyte. c. cation. d. ion. ANS: kB 10. Which kprocess krefers kto kthe kdissociation kof kNaCl kinto kNa+ kand kCl– ? a. Radioactivity b. Ionization c. Covalent kbonding d. Hydrogen kbonding ANS: kB 11. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kdescriptive kof kthe kchemical kreaction kin kthe kprevious kquestion? a. Cation k+kanion k→kelectrolyte b. Electrolyte k→kcation k+kanion c. Electrolyte k+ kanion k→kcation d. Neutralization kof kan kacid kby ka kbase ANS: kB 12. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kan kanion? a. NaCl b. KCl c. H2SO4 d. HCO3 – ANS: kD 13. Which kof kthe kfollowing krepresents kbicarbonate, kan kanion kthat kis kimportant kin kacid–base kregulation? a. HCl b. Ca(OH)2 c. HCO3 – d. KCl ANS: kC 14. Which kcompound kis kthe kuniversal ksolvent? a. Carbon kdioxide b. Oxygen c. ATP d. Water ANS: kD 15. [H+ ] krefers kto a. an kisotope kof khydrogen. b. heavykhydrogen. c. hydrogen kbonding. d. hydrogen kion kconcentration. ANS: kD 16. Which kcompound kis ka kwaste kproduct kof kcellular kmetabolism? a. Oxygen b. Carbon kdioxide c. Catalyst d. ATP ANS: kB 17. Which kof kthe kfollowing kincreases kthe kspeed kof ka kchemical kreaction kbut kis kitself knot kused kup kin kthe kchemical kreaction? a. An kisotope b. Akcation c. Akcatalyst d. ATP ANS: kC 18. What kis kthe kenergy-transferring kmolecule? a. H + b. ATP c. Ca2+ d. NaCl ANS: kB 19. Which kof kthe kfollowing kacts kas ka kcatalyst? a. An kacid b. An kenzyme c. Akbuffer d. ATP ANS: kB 20. Fe2+ kis kformed kwhen kiron a. gains k2 kprotons. b. gains k2 kelectrons. c. loses k2 kprotons. d. loses k2 kelectrons. ANS: kD 21. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue kof kNa+ ? a. It kis kan kanion. b. It kis kan kelectrolyte. c. It kbonds kionically kwith kCa2+ . d. It kis ka kcation. ANS: kD 22. Which kof kthe kfollowing kcarries kno knet kelectrical kcharge? a. An kanion b. Akcation c. Akpolar kmolecule d. An kion ANS: kC 23. Which kof kthe kfollowing killustrates kantacid kactivity? a. NaCl k→ kNa+ k+kCl– b. HCl k→kH + k+kCl– c. Mg(OH)2 k+ kHCl k→kMgCl2 k+ kH2O d. KCl k→kK + k+kCl– ANS: kC 24. Zinc, kselenium, kcobalt, kand kiodine kare kall a. trace kelements. b. compounds. c. radioactive. d. isotopes kof khydrogen. ANS: kA 25. Iron kcan kbe ka(n) a. anion. b. electrolyte. c. acid. d. cation. ANS: kD 26. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kdescribed kbykthis kstatement? kOne katom kof koxygen kbonds kcovalently kwith ktwo katoms kof khydrogen. a. Carbon kdioxide b. A ktincture c. Water d. Neutralization kof kan kacid kwith ka kbase ANS: kC 27. A ksolution kthat khas ka kpH kof k6.8 a. has ka kneutral kpH. b. is kalkaline. c. is kbasic. d. is kacidic. ANS: kD 28. What khappens kwhen kHCl kis kadded kto ka ksolution kwith ka kpH kof k7.45? a. The kpH kwill kbe khigher kthan k7.45. b. The ksolution kwill kbecome kmore kalkaline. c. The k[H+ ] kof kthe ksolution kwill kincrease. d. The kpH kwill kbe khigher kthan k8.0. ANS: kC 29. Which kpHkis kconsidered kneutral? a. 7.35 b. 7.45 c. 7.00 d. 14.0 ANS: k C 30. Blood khas ka kpH krange kof k7.35 kto k7.45 kand ktherefore a. is kacidic. b. is kthree kto kfour ktimes kmore kviscous k(thicker) kthan kwater. c. has ka kpH kthat kis ksimilar kto kurine kand kstomach kcontents. d. is kalkaline. ANS: kD 31. In kwhich kof kthe kfollowing kis kthe knumber kof khydrogen kions kgreater? a. An kalkaline ksolution b. A kbasic ksolution c. Blood d. A ksolution kwith ka kpH kof k6.2 ANS: kD 32. An katom khas k2 kprotons, k2 kneutrons, kand k2 kelectrons; kit khas kan katomic a. number kof k6. b. mass kof k2. c. mass kof k4. d. number kof k4. ANS: kC 33. An katom khas k1 kproton, k0 kneutrons, kand k1 kelectron; kits kisotope khas a. 2 kelectrons kand k0 kneutrons. b. 2 kprotons kand k2 kneutrons. c. 1 kproton kand k1 kneutron. d. 2 kprotons kand k0 kneutrons. ANS: kC 34. An katomkhas k1 kproton, k0 kneutrons, kand k1 kelectron. kWhat kwill kconvert kthis katom kto ka kcation? a. Add k1 kneutron. b. Add k1 kproton. c. Lose k1 kelectron. d. Add k1 kproton, k2 kneutrons, kand k1 kelectron. ANS: kC 35. The kheart kpushes kblood kinto kthe kblood kvessels kas kchemical kenergy kis kconverted kto kwhich kform kof kenergy? a. Thermal b. Radiant c. Mechanical d. Nuclear ANS: kC 36. Which kof kthe kfollowing kbest kdescribes ka ksolution kin kwhich kwater kis kthe ksolvent? a. Colloidal ksuspension b. Aqueous ksolution c. Tincture d. Isotope ANS: kB 37. Which kof kthe kfollowing kbest kdescribes ka ksolution kin kwhich kalcohol kis kthe ksolvent? a. Tincture b. Alkaline c. Acid d. Aqueous ANS: kA 38. Akcombination kof ksugar kgranules kand kiron kfilings kis kbest kdescribed kas ka(n) a. mixture. b. colloidal ksuspension. c. tincture. d. isotope. ANS: kA 39. Which kof kthe kfollowing kcan kneutralize kH + ? a. Ca2+ 3 b. Na+ c. OH– d. H2O ANS: kC 40. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kincorrect? a. Mixtures: ksuspension, kcolloidal ksuspension, ksolution b. Ions: kNa+ , kCl– , kCa2+ , kK + c. Electrolytes: kNaCl, kKCl, kCaCl2, kHCO k – d. Cations: kNa+ , kCa2+ , kK + , kH + ANS: kC 41. The kionization kof ksalt k(NaCl) a. produces kan kacid kand ka kbase. b. produces kan kelectrolyte. c. lowers kpH. d. produces ka kcation kand kan kanion. ANS: kD 42. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue kof kiodine kand kradioactive kiodine? a. Both khave kthe ksame katomic knumbers. b. Both khave kthe ksame katomic kmasses. c. Neither khas kelectrons kin kits korbit. d. Both kcreate kradiation khazards. ANS: kA 43. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue kof kNa+ ? a. Called kthe ksodium kion b. Has kfewer kprotons kthan kelectrons c. Called kan kanion d. Lowers kpH ANS: kA 44. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue kof kCl– ? a. Is kan kelectrolyte b. Is kan kanion c. Increases kpH d. Decreases kpH ANS: kB 45. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kmost kdescriptive kof kHCl? a. Is kcalled kbicarbonate b. Is kan kacid c. Raises kpH d. Dissociates kinto kNa+ kand kCl– ANS: kB 46. Water kis ka(n) a. molecule. b. aqueous ksolvent. c. compound. d. All kof kthe kabove. ANS: kD 47. An katom kthat khas k3 kprotons, k4 kneutrons, kand k3 kelectrons a. has kan katomic kmass kof k7. b. is ka kcation. c. has kan katomic knumber kof k4. d. has kan katomic knumber kof k10. ANS: kA 48. An katomkhas k3 kprotons, k4 kneutrons, kand k3 kelectrons; kanother katomkhas k3 kprotons, k3 kneutrons, kand k3 kelectrons. kWhich kof kthe kfollowing kis kmost kdescriptive kof kthis kpair kof katoms? a. Mixture b. Cation c. Electrolyte d. Isotope ANS: kD 49. An katomkhas k4 kprotons, k4 kneutrons, kand k4 kelectrons. kIt a. has kan katomic knumber kof k8. b. is ka kcation. c. has kan katomic kmass kof k12. d. has kan katomic kmass kof k8. ANS: kD 50. ATP a. is ka kbuffer, kremoving kH + kfromksolution. b. is kan kenergy ktransfer kmolecule. c. is ka kradioactive kisotope kof kphosphate. d. ionizes kto kH + , kthereby klowering kpH. ANS: kB 51. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kmost kdescriptive kof kthe knucleus kof kthe katom? a. Contents kdetermine kthe katomic knumber b. Contents kdetermine kthe katomic kmass c. “Home” kof kthe kprotons d. All kof kthe kabove ANS: kD 52. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kmost kdescriptive kof kionic kand kcovalent? a. Types kof kbonding kin kwhich kthe kelectrons kare kshared b. Types kof kbonding kin kwhich kthe kelectrons kare kswapped c. Types kof kbonding d. Types kof kbonding kfound konly kin kreactions kin kwhich kH + kis kproduced ANS: kC 53. Ankelectrolyte a. dissociates kinto kions. b. yields konly kcations. c. always kyields kH + kand klowers kpH. d. always kremoves kH + kand kincreases kpH. ANS: kA 54. Akcatalyst a. is kan kH + -yielding kmolecule. b. is kan kacid. c. is kan kalkali. d. increases kthe kspeed kof ka kchemical kreaction. ANS: kD 55. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kmost kdescriptive kof kthe kfunction kof kan kenzyme? a. Neutralization b. Ionization c. Catalyst d. pH ANS: kC 56. A kpatient kwith ka kblood kpH kof k7.28 a. has kan kexcess kof kH + . b. has ka kblood kpH kthat kis kwithin knormal klimits. c. is kalkalotic. d. has ka kblood kpH kthat kindicates ka kdeficiency kof kacid. ANS: kA 57. A ksolution kwith ka kpH kof k8 a. is kmore kacidic kthan kblood. b. is kmore kacidic kthan kstomach kcontents. c. has kmore kH + kthan kurine. d. is kmore kalkaline kthan kblood. ANS: kD 58. The kpH kof kurine a. is kalways kmore kalkaline kthan kblood. b. is kalways kacidic. c. can kbe kacidic kor kalkaline. d. is kmore kacidic kthan kstomach kcontents. ANS: kC 59. The kaddition kof kH + kto kblood a. increases kblood kpH. b. makes kthe kblood kmore kacidic. c. makes kthe kblood kmore kalkaline. d. changes kthe kblood kpH kfrom k7.4 kto k7.8. ANS: kB 60. Blood kis kcalled ka kcolloidal ksuspension kbecause a. it khas ka kpH kof k7.4. b. it kis kalkaline. c. it kconsists kof kthe ksuspended kplasma kproteins. d. it kconsists kof kthe ksodiumkand kchloride kions. ANS: kC 61. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kcorrect kabout kthe kfollowing kreaction: kNaCl kkNa+ k+kCl– ? a. Neutralization b. Ionization c. Anabolic d. Irreversible ANS: kB 62. An katomkof koxygen khas kan katomic knumber kof k8. kTherefore a. it kcan kshare kelectrons kwith kanother kidentical katom. b. it kcan kshare kelectrons kwith kanother koxygen katom. c. it kcan kform kO2. d. All kof kthe kabove kare ktrue. ANS: kD 63. An katomkof koxygen kshares kits kouter kshell kelectrons kwith ktwo khydrogen katoms kthereby a. forming kan kacid. b. ionizing. c. forming ka kmolecule kof kwater. d. forming kan kanion kand kcation. ANS: kC 64. A kmolecule kof kwater khas ka k(+) kcharge kat kone kand ka k(–) kcharge kat kthe kother kend kof kthe kmolecule. kWhat kis kthe kbest kdescription? a. Radioactive b. Tincture c. Polar kmolecule d. Ionization ANS: kC 65. Intestinal ksecretions kare kalkaline. kWhat kcan kdecrease kits kpH? a. The kaddition kof kH + kin kthe kform kof kHCl b. Drinking kbaking ksoda k(NaHCO3) c. Neutralization kof kgastric k(stomach) kHCl d. Drinking klots kof kwater ANS: kA 66. What kdo kthe kfollowing khave kin kcommon: kPb, kplumbism, kand kplumber? kAll kterms krefer kto a. persons kwho kwork kwith kpipes. b. toxic keffects kof ka ktrace kelement. c. toxic kcations. d. lead. ANS: kD 67. Which kgroup kis kcorrect? a. Subatomic kparticles klo+ cat+ed kwithin– k the kn+ucleus: kprotons, kneutrons, kelectrons b. Common kcations: kNa k , kK k , kHCO k , kNH 3 4 c. Common kmolecules: kO2, kN2, kH2O d. Bases: kNaOH, kNa kHCO3 – , kHCl ANS: kC 68. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kmost kdescriptive kof ka kprecipitate kthat kforms kduring ka kchemical kreaction? a. Acid b. Base c. Solid d. Solution ANS: kC 69. In kthe kreaction kHCl k→kH + k+kCl– a. HCl kionizes, kthereby kyielding kthe kcation k(H+ ) kand kanion k(Cl– ). b. hydrochloric kacid kdissociates kinto kan kanion kand kcation. c. HCl kdissociates kinto ka khydrogen kion kand kchloride kion. d. All kof kthe kabove kare ktrue. ANS: kD 70. Which kgroup kis kcorrect? a. Blood kpH k7.50, kalkaline, kturns klitmus kpaper kpink b. Blood kpH k7.2, kacidosis, kturns klitmus kpaper kpink c. Blood kpH k7.35, knormal kblood kpH, kturns klitmus kpaper kblue d. More kthan kone kof kthe kabove kare ktrue. ANS: kC Chapter k03: kCells Herlihy: kThe kHumankBody kinkHealthkandkIllness, k7thkEdition MULTIPLEkCHOICE 1. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kconsidered kthe kcontrol kcenter kof kthe kcell? a. Mitochondrion b. Nucleus c. Lysosome d. Centriole ANS: kB 2. The kmitochondrion kis kcalled kthe kpower kplant kof kthe kcell kbecause within kthe kmitochondrion. a. most kof kthe kATP kis kproduced b. all kprotein ksynthesis koccurs c. all kDNAkis klocated d. all kribosomes kare klocated ANS: kA 3. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis k(are) kfound kon kthe krough kendoplasmic kreticulum? a. Ribosomes b. Cilia c. Lysosomes d. DNA ANS: kA 4. The krough kERkis kthe ksite kof a. fatty kacid kand ksteroid ksynthesis. b. Krebs kcycle kactivity. c. protein ksynthesis. d. intracellular kwater kstorage. ANS: kC 5. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kmost kassociated kwith kthe kribosome? a. ATPkproduction b. Intracellular khousecleaning c. Glycogen kstorage d. Protein ksynthesis ANS: kD 6. What kis kthe ktransport kmechanismkin kthis kdescription: kAkpassive kprocess kthat k“pulls” kwater kfrom kan karea kwhere kthere kis kmore kwater kto kan karea kwhere kthere kis kless kwater? a. Filtration b. Endocytosis c. AnkATP-driven kpump d. Osmosis ANS: kD 7. What kis kthe ktransport kmechanismkin kthis kdescription: kAkpassive kprocess kthat kuses ka kpressure kdifference kas kits kdriving kforce? a. Facilitatedkdiffusion b. AnkATP-driven kpump c. Diffusion d. Filtration ANS: kD 8. Akbeaker kis kdivided kinto ktwo kcompartments kbyka ksemipermeable kmembrane. kCompartment kA kcontains ka k20% kNaCl ksolution kand kcompartment kBkcontains ka k50% kNaCl ksolution. kThe kmembrane kis kpermeable kto kwater kbut knot kto kNa+ kor kCl– . kInitially, a. water kdiffuses kfrom kcompartment kBkto kcompartment kA. b. Na+ kdiffuses kfrom kcompartment kBkto kcompartment kA. c. Na+ kdiffuses kfrom kcompartment kAktokcompartment kB. d. water kdiffuses kfromkcompartment kAkto kcompartment kB. ANS: kD 9. Akbeaker kis kdivided kinto ktwo kcompartments kbyka ksemipermeable kmembrane. kCompartment kA kcontains ka k20% kNaCl ksolution kand kcompartment kBkcontains ka k50% kNaCl ksolution. kThe kmembrane kis kpermeable kto kwater kbut knot kto kNa+ kor kCl– . kAt kequilibrium, kthe a. volume kof kwater kin kcompartment kAkwill kbe kgreater kthan kthe kvolume kin kcompartment kB. b. volume kin kboth kcompartments kA kand kBkwill kbe kequal. c. concentration kof kcompartment kAkwill kdecrease. d. volume kin kcompartment kBkwill kbe kgreater kthan kthe kvolume kin kcompartment kA. ANS: kD 10. Akbeaker kis kdivided kinto ktwo kcompartments kbyka ksemipermeable kmembrane. kCompartment kA kcontains ka k20% kNaCl ksolution kwhile kcompartment kBkcontains ka k50% kNaCl ksolution. kThe kmembrane kis kpermeable kto kboth kwater kand kNa+ kand kCl– . kInitially, a. Na+ kand kCl– kdiffuse kfrom kcompartment kBkto kcompartment kA. b. water kdiffuses kfrom kcompartment kBkto kcompartment kA. c. Na+ kand kCl– kdiffuse kfrom kcompartment kAkto kcompartment kB. d. Na+ kdiffuses kfrom kcompartment kA kto kcompartment kBkand kCl– kdiffuses kfrom kcompartment kBkto kcompartment kA. ANS: kA 11. Akbeaker kis kdivided kinto ktwo kcompartments kbyka ksemipermeable kmembrane. kCompartment kA kcontains ka k20% kNaCl ksolution kand kcompartment kBkcontains ka k50% kNaCl ksolution. kThe kmembrane kis kpermeable kto kboth kwater kand kNa+ kand kCl– . kAt kequilibrium, kthe a. volume kin kcompartment kA kwill kbe kgreater kthan kthe kvolume kin kcompartment kB. b. volume kin kcompartment kBkwill kbe kgreater kthan kthe kvolume kin kcompartment kA. c. concentrations kand kvolumes kwill kbe kthe ksame kin kboth kcompartments. d. concentration kof ksalt kis kgreater kin kcompartment kA kthan kin kcompartment kB. ANS: kC 12. What kare kthe khairlike kstructures klocated kon kthe kouter ksurface kof kthe kcell kmembrane? a. Mitochondria b. Ribosomes c. Cilia d. Centrioles ANS: kC 13. What kis kthe kextensive kinternal kmembrane ksystemkthat kforms kchannels kand kis kconcerned kwith kthe ksynthesis kof kprotein kand ksteroids? a. Mitochondria b. Lysosomes c. Endoplasmic kreticulum d. DNA ANS: kC 14. Lysosomes kare kfilled kwith a. powerful kenzymes kthat kdestroy kcellular kdebris kand kpathogens. b. cilia. c. DNA. d. blood. ANS: kA 15. Which kof kthe kfollowing kbest kdescribes kthe kpower kor kdriving kforce kfor kactive ktransport? a. ATP b. Pressure c. DNA d. H + ANS: kA 16. What kis kthe ktransport kmechanism kin kthis kdescription: kA kpassive kprocess kthat kuses ka kcarrier kmolecule kto kmove ka ksolute kfromkan karea kof khigh kconcentration kto kan karea kof klowkconcentration? a. Osmosis b. AnkATP-driven kpump c. Filtration d. Facilitatedkdiffusion ANS: kD 17. What kis kthe kname kof kthe kprocess kin kwhich kan kintracellular kprotein–containing kvesicle kfuses kwith kthe kcell kmembrane kand kexpels kthe kprotein kto kthe koutside kof kthe kcell? a. Endocytosis b. Pinocytosis c. Exocytosis d. Phagocytosis ANS: kC 18. Which kprocess kdescribes kphagocytosis kand kpinocytosis? a. Facilitatedkdiffusion b. Endocytosis c. Filtration d. Exocytosis ANS: kB 19. Which kword kmeans k“the kbursting kof kred kblood kcells”? a. Endocytosis b. Hemolysis c. Crenation d. Catalyst ANS: kB 20. If ka kcell kis kplaced kin ka khypotonic ksolution ksuch kas kwater, kthe kcell kwill a. crenate. b. shrink. c. swell kand kburst. d. differentiate. ANS: kC 21. Which ktype kof ksolution kcauses kcrenation kor kshrinkage kof ksubmerged kred kblood kcells? a. Hypotonic b. Isotonic c. Hypertonic d. Water ANS: kC 22. Prophase, kmetaphase, kanaphase, kand ktelophase kare kphases kof a. active ktransport. b. mitosis. c. differentiation. d. pinocytosis. ANS: kB 23. G1, kG2, kthe kS kphase, kand kthe kM kphase kare kphases kof a. the kcell kcycle. b. mitosis. c. protein ksynthesis. d. the kcell kcycle kthat kis kspecific kto kcancer kcells. ANS: kA 24. Pinocytosis a. is ka kpassive kprocess. b. requires ka kpressure kgradient kas kits kdriving kforce. c. refers kto kcellular kdrinking. d. is ka kform kof kexocytosis. ANS: kC 25. Which kof kthe kfollowing kbest kdescribes knormal ksaline? a. Radioactive b. Hemolytic kto kred kblood kcells c. Isotonic d. Crenating kto kred kblood kcells ANS: kC 26. Which kof kthe kfollowing kbest kdescribes kthe keating kof ka kbacterium kby ka klysosome? a. Differentiation b. Phagocytosis c. Meiosis d. Hemolysis ANS: kB 27. In kwhich kstructure kis kmost kDNAkfound? a. Nucleus b. Mitochondrion c. Lysosome d. Golgi kapparatus ANS: kA 28. Which kstructure kis kis kdescribed kas krough kor ksmooth? a. Ribosome b. Mitochondrion c. Cilia d. Endoplasmic kreticulum ANS: kD 29. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ka kgel-like ksubstance klocated kinside kthe kcell kbut koutside kthe knucleus? a. Nucleoplasm b. Isotonic ksaline c. Cytoplasm d. Lysosomal kenzymes ANS: kC 30. Which kof kthe kfollowing kmost kaccurately kdescribes kdiffusion? a. ATP-driven b. Passive ktransport c. Requires ka kpressure kor kpushing kforce d. Causes ksolute kto kmove kuphill ANS: kB 31. The kskunk kmakes khis kpresence kknown kby a. filtration. b. osmosis. c. active ktransport. d. diffusion. ANS: kD 32. Oxygen kmoves kfromkthe klungs k(high kconcentration) kinto kthe kblood k(low kconcentration) kin kresponse kto a. filtration. b. osmosis. c. diffusion. d. endocytosis. ANS: kC 33. Which kprocess kdescribes kthe kpushing kof kwater kacross kthe kcapillary k(blood kvessel) kmembrane? a. Facilitatedkdiffusion b. Osmosis c. Filtration d. Pinocytosis ANS: kC 34. Which kstructure kputs kthe kfinishing ktouches kon kand kpackages kthe kprotein kfor kexport kfromkthe kcell? a. Mitochondrion b. Golgi kapparatus c. Lysosome d. Nucleolus ANS: kB 35. Which kof kthe kfollowing kstructures kmake kthe krough kendoplasmic kreticulum klook klike ksandpaper? a. Ribosomes b. Globs kof kcytoplasm c. ATP d. Fragments kof kDNA ANS: kA 36. Which kstructure kis kdescribed kas ka ksemipermeable klipid kbilayer? a. Lysosome b. Mitochondrion c. Ribosome d. Cell kmembrane ANS: kD 37. The kselectively kpermeable kmembrane a. is ka kresult kof kits kcomposition; kit kis ktough kconnective ktissue, kmuch klike ka kligament. b. determines kwhich ksubstances kenter kand kleave kthe kcell. c. allows kfor kthe kunrestricted kmovement kof kwater kand kelectrolytes kacross kthe kcell kmembrane. d. permits kdiffusion kbut knot kosmosis. ANS: kB 38. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kleast ktrue kof kmitochondria? a. Found konlykwithin kliver kcells b. Make kmost kof kthe kbody’s kATP c. Contain kenzymes kthat kfunction kaerobically d. Located kwithin kthe kcytoplasm ANS: kA 39. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ka kcorrect kstatement? a. Most kATP kis kproduced kin kthe kmitochondria. b. Mitochondria kcontain kpotent kenzymes kthat kdigest kcellular kwaste kand kdebris. c. Most kDNA kis klocated kwithin kthe kmitochondria. d. The kRERkis kconcerned kwith kphagocytosis. ANS: kA 40. A kbeaker kcontains ktwo kcompartments. kCompartment kA k(CA) kcontains ka k10% ksalt ksolution kand kCompartment kBk(CB) kcontains ka k20%ksalt ksolution. kThe kmembrane kis kpermeable kto kthe ksalt kand kwater. kAt kequilibrium, a. the kvolume kin kCA kis kgreater kthan kthe kvolume kin kCB. b. the kvolume kin kCA kis kless kthan kthe kvolume kin kCB. c. the kvolume kis kthe ksame kin kboth kcompartments. d. all kwater kaccumulates kin kCB. ANS: kC 41. A kbeaker kcontains ktwo kcompartments. kCompartment kA k(CA) kcontains ka k10% ksalt ksolution kand kCompartment kBk(CB) kcontains ka k20%ksalt ksolution. kThe kmembrane kis kpermeable konlykto kwater. At kequilibrium, kthe kvolume kin a. CA kis kgreater kthan kthe kvolume kin kCB. b. CA kis kless kthan kthe kvolume kin kCB. c. CBkis kless kthan kthe kvolume kin kCA. d. CA kis kthe ksame kas kthe kvolume kin kCB. ANS: kB 42. Most kK + kis klocated kin kthe kcells, kwith klittle kK + kin kthe ktissue kspaces. kWhat kaccounts kfor kthe kmovement kof kadditional kK + kinto kthe kcells? a. K + kin kthe ktissue kfluid kdiffuses kinto kthe kcell. b. K + kenters kthe kcell kin kresponse kto kfacilitated kdiffusion. c. K + kis kactively kpumped kinto kthe kcell. d. K + kenters kthe kcell kbecause kof kpinocytosis. ANS: kC 43. Akchild khas kexperienced ka kblowkto kthe khead kcausing ka kslow kbleed. kAlthough kthe kbleeding khas kstopped, kthe kblood kclot kcontinues kto kexpand kbecause a. brain ktissue kgrows kinto kthe kblood kclot. b. plasma kprotein kis kused kby kthe kbrain kto kmake kadditional knerve ktissue kto kreplace kwhat kwas kdamaged. c. the kparticles kof kthe kblood kclot kare kosmotically kactive kand kdraw kwater kinto kthe kclot. d. pieces kof kthe kblood kclot kdissolve kand kare kcarried kby kthe kblood kto kthe kother kside kof kthe kbrain. ANS: kC 44. What kis kthe kprimarykdifference kbetween kdiffusion kand kfacilitated kdiffusion? a. One kis kactive kand kthe kother kis kpassive. b. One krequires kATP kand kthe kother kdoes knot. c. Diffusion kinvolves kthe kmovement kof ka ksubstance kfromkhigh kconcentration kto ka klower kconcentration. kFacilitated kdiffusion kmoves ka ksubstance kfrom ka klower kconcentration kto ka khigher kconcentration. d. Facilitated kdiffusion kuses ka k“helper” kmolecule kto kmove ka ksubstance kpassively. ANS: kD 45. What kis kthe keffect kof kan kintravenous kinfusion kof kpure kwater? a. It kis kthe ksame kresponse kas kto kthe kinfusion kof kisotonic ksaline. b. It kis kthe ksame kresponse kas kto kthe kinfusion kof kRinger’s ksolution. c. The kRBCs kburst. d. The kRBCs kshrink k(crenation). ANS: kC 46. Which kof kthe kfollowing kdescribes kthe kresponse kof ka kred kblood kcell k(RBC) kto kimmersion kin kan kisotonic ksolution? a. The kRBC kswells kand kbursts. b. The kRBCkundergoes khemolysis. c. The kRBCkundergoes kcrenation; kit kshrinks. d. There kis kno knet kmovement kof kwater kbetween kthe kRBC kand ksolution. ANS: kD 47. Plasma kproteins kdetermine a. plasma koncotic k(osmotic) kpressure. b. capillarykfiltration kpressure. c. the krate kof kdiffusion kout kof kthe kcapillary. d. the ksize kof kthe kcapillary kpores. ANS: kA 48. If kplasma kprotein kleaks kinto kthe ktissue kspaces, a. edema kdevelops. b. the ktissue kspace kbecomes kdehydrated kas kexcess ktissue kfluid kenters kthe kcapillaries. c. blood kvolume kexpands kas kexcess kfluid kis kabsorbed kinto kthe kblood kvessels k(capillaries). d. All kof kthe kabove koccur. ANS: kA 49. Mitosis a. occurs konly kwithin ksex kcells. b. produces ktwo kgenetically kidentical kcells. c. occurs konly kwithin kred kblood kcells. d. causes ka k50% kreduction kin kchromosome knumber. ANS: kB 50. The kfirst kgap kphase k(G1), ksecond kgap kphase k(G2), kand ksynthesis kphase k(S) a. occur kduring kinterphase. b. include kprophase, kmetaphase, kanaphase, kand ktelophase. c. are kstages kof kmitosis. d. All kof kthe kabove kare ktrue. ANS: kA 51. An kanticancer kdrug kthat kinterferes konly kwith kmitosis a. is kdescribed kas kcell kcycle kMkphase–specific. b. is kcell kcycle kphase–nonspecific. c. is knontoxic. d. stimulates kneoplastic kcell kgrowth. ANS: kA 52. With kregard kto kthe kcell kcycle, a. the kM kphase kis kthe ksame kas kinterphase. b. cells kcannot kenter kphase kG0 kwhen kthey kcomplete kthe kcycle. c. cell kdivision koccurs kduring kthe kMkphase. d. prophase, kmetaphase, kanaphase, kand ktelophase koccur kduring kphase kG1. ANS: kC 53. Akcell kthat k“drops kout” kof kthe kcell kcycle a. enters kG0. b. splits kinto ktwo kgenetically kidentical kcells. c. reduces kits kchromosome knumber kbyk50%. d. becomes ka kstemkcell. ANS: kA 54. Which kof kthe kfollowing kbest kdescribes ka kcell kthat kis knecrotic? a. Dehydrated b. Stemkcell c. Undifferentiated d. Dead ANS: kD 55. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue kof ka kbenign kneoplasm? a. Metastatic klesion b. Secondary ktumor ksite c. Cancerous d. Noncancerous ktumor ANS: kD 56. Akcervical kPap ksmear kindicates kwell-differentiated kcells. kYou kwouldkinterpret kthis kas a. a knormal kcellular kappearance. b. evidence kof kedema. c. evidence kof knecrosis. d. evidence kof kcancer. ANS: kA 57. This kcytoplasmic korganelle kcontains kthe kenzymes kof kthe kKrebs kcycle kand kelectron ktransport kchain kand kis kprimarily kconcerned kwith kthe kformation kof kATP: a. Rough kendoplasmic kreticulum b. Smooth kendoplasmic kreticulum c. Mitochondrium d. Centriole ANS: kC 58. What kprogrammed ksequence kof kevents khelps krid kthe kbodykof kold, kunnecessary, kand kunhealthy kcells? a. apoptosis b. necrosis c. transcytosis d. differentiation ANS: kA 59. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kcommon kto kthe kribosomes, krough kER, kand kGolgi kapparatus? a. ATP-producingkorganelles b. Protein ksynthesis c. Ammonia kproducing d. Glycogen kstorage ANS: kB 60. Prophase, kmetaphase, kanaphase, kand ktelophase a. are kstages kof kcytokinesis. b. occur kduring kG1. c. are kconcerned kwith kthe ksynthesis kof kDNA kand kthe kdoubling kof kthe kchromosomes. d. are kstages kof kmitosis. ANS: kD 61. Telophase kand kcytokinesis a. mark kthe kbeginning kof kmitosis. b. complete kthe ksplitting kof ka ksingle kcell kinto ktwo kidentical kcells. c. are kcalled kthe k“resting” kphases. d. occur konly kwithin ksex kcells. ANS: kB 62. Methotrexate, kan kanticancer kdrugkthat kinterferes kwithkcell kreplication, kis kmost keffective kwhen kthe kcancer kcell kis kin kthe kS kphase kof kthe kcell kcycle. kWhich kof kthe kfollowing kbest kdescribes kmethotrexate? a. Cell kcycle kphase–specific b. Stemkcell kstimulator c. Anaplastic d. Keratinized ANS: kA 63. Akstemkcell kdevelops kinto ka kmuscle kcell. kWhich kof kthe kfollowing kmost kaccurately kdescribes kthis kprocess? a. Differentiation b. Malignant c. Neoplastic d. Necrotic ANS: kA 64. Compartment kA kcontains ka k5% kglucose ksolution. kCompartment kB kcontains ka k15% kglucose ksolution. kThe kmembrane k(dividing kthe kbeaker kinto kcompartments kA kand kB) kis kpermeable kto kboth ksolute kand ksolvent. kWhich kof kthe kfollowing kstatements kis ktrue kregarding kthe kinitial knet kflux? a. Water kdiffuses kfromkcompartment kAkto kcompartment kB. b. Glucose kdiffuses kfromkcompartment kAkto kcompartment kB. c. Solute kdiffuses kfromkcompartment kA kto kcompartment kB. d. Solvent kdiffuses kfromkcompartment kBkto kcompartment kA. ANS: kA 65. Compartment kA kcontains ka k25% kglucose ksolution. kCompartment kB kcontains ka k15% kglucose ksolution. kThe kmembrane k(dividing kthe kbeaker kinto kcompartments kA kand kB) kis kpermeable kto kwater kbut kimpermeable kto kglucose. kWhich kof kthe kfollowing kstatements kis ktrue kregarding kthe kinitial knet kflux? a. Water kdiffuses kfrom kcompartment kBkto kcompartment kA. b. Glucose kdiffuses kfromkcompartment kAkto kcompartment kB. c. Solute kdiffuses kfromkcompartment kAkto kcompartment kB. d. Solvent kdiffuses kfromkcompartment kAkto kcompartment kB. ANS: kA 66. At kequilibrium kthe kvolume kin kcompartment kB kis kgreater kthan kthe kvolume kin kcompartment kA. kIn kwhich kinitial ksituation kwould kthis kbe kachieved? a. There kis ka k5% kglucose ksolution kin kcompartment kA kand ka k15% kglucose ksolution kin kcompartment kB. kThe kmembrane k(separating kthe kbeaker kinto kcompartments kA kand kB) kis kimpermeable kto kthe ksolute kand kpermeable kto kthe ksolvent. b. There kis ka k15% kglucose ksolution kin kcompartment kA kand ka k5% kglucose ksolution kin kcompartment kB. kThe kmembrane k(separating kthe kbeaker kinto kcompartments kA kand kB) kis kpermeable kto kwater kand kimpermeable kto kglucose. c. There kis ka k15% kglucose ksolution kin kcompartment kA kand ka k15% kglucose ksolution kin kcompartment kB. kThe kmembrane k(separating kthe kbeaker kinto kcompartments kA kand B) kis kpermeable kto kboth ksolute kand ksolvent. d. There kis ka k25% kglucose ksolution kin kcompartment kA kand ka k5% kglucose ksolution kin kcompartment kB. kThe kmembrane k(separating kthe kbeaker kinto kcompartments kA kand kB) kis kpermeable kto ksolvent kbut kimpermeable kto kglucose. ANS: kA 67. The kcapillary kfiltration kpressure k(arterial kend kof kthe kcapillary) kis k30 kmm kHg kand k7 kmm kHg kat kthe kvenous kend. kThe kcapillary koncotic kpressure kis k15 kmmkHg. kWhich kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue? a. Most kwater kis kfiltered kout kof kthe kcapillary kinto kthe kinterstitium kat kthe karterial kend kof kthe kcapillary. b. The kcapillary koncotic kpressure kis kresponsible kfor kthe kmovement kof kwater kfromkthe kcapillary kinto kthe kinterstitium. c. The kcapillary koncotic kpressure kis kresponsible kfor kthe kflowkof kblood kfromkthe karterial kend kof kthe kcapillary kto kthe kvenous kend kof kthe kcapillary. d. Akdecline kin kcapillary koncotic kpressure kcauses kexcess kwater kto kbe kreabsorbed kfrom kthe kinterstitium. ANS: kA 68. Most kbodykpotassiumk(K+ ) kis klocatedkintracellularly. kThrough kwhat ktransport kmechanism kwould kadditional kK + kmove kfrom kthe kextracellular kcompartment kto kthe kintracellular kcompartment? a. Osmosis b. Active ktransport kpump c. Facilitatedkdiffusion d. Filtration ANS: kB 69. Akred kblood kcell k(RBC) kis kimmersed kin khypertonic ksaline. kWhich kof kthe kfollowing kdescribes kthe kconsequence? kThe kRBCkwill a. replicate kby kmitosis. b. activelykpump kwater kinto kthe kcell. c. undergo khemolysis kand kburst. d. shrink. ANS: kD 70. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis knot ktrue kof kglycogen? kGlycogen a. is ka kstorage kformkof kglucose. b. is kan kalcohol kto kwhich kthree kfatty kacids kattach kthereby kforming ka ktriglyceride. c. helps kin kthe kregulation kof kblood kglucose. d. is kstored kwithin kthe kliver kand kskeletal kmuscle. ANS: kB 71. This ksubstance kis kcomposed kof kglycerol kand kthree kfatty kacids. a. Glycogen b. Polypeptide c. Steroid d. Triglyceride ANS: kD 72. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis knot ka klipid kor klipoid ksubstance? a. Steroids b. Vitamins kA, kD, kE, kand kK c. Prostaglandins d. Ammonia ANS: kD 73. Which kgroup kis kcorrect? a. Lipids: ktriglycerides kand kurea b. Polysaccharides: kglycogen kand kglucose c. Amino kacids: kammonia kand kglycerol d. Nitrogen-containing kwaste: kurea kand kcreatinine ANS: kD Chapter k04: kCell kMetabolism Herlihy: kThe kHumankBody kinkHealthkandkIllness, k7thkEdition MULTIPLEkCHOICE 1. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ka knitrogen-containing kwaste kproduct? a. Glucose b. Adenosine ktriphosphate c. Carbon kdioxide d. Urea ANS: kD 2. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ka kwaste kproduct kof kthe kaerobic kglucose kmetabolism? a. ATP b. CO2 c. Urea d. Glycogen ANS: kB 3. Glucose kis kusually kbroken kdown kto a. make kcarbon kdioxide. b. provide kenergy k(ATP) kfor kthe kworking kcells. c. use kup kurea. d. make kglycogen. ANS: kB 4. Which kof kthe kfollowing kare kbuilding kblocks kof kprotein? a. Monosaccharides b. Glucose, kfructose, kand kgalactose c. Amino kacids d. Cellulose kand kglycogen ANS: kC 5. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue kof kglycogen? a. It kis kan kend-product kof kfatty kacid kcatabolism. b. It kis kstored kin kadipose ktissue. c. It kis kthe kstorage kformkof kglucose. d. It kis kan kessential kamino kacid. ANS: kC 6. Sucrose, klactose, kand kmaltose kare kclassified kas a. enzymes. b. disaccharides. c. peptides. d. nucleotides. ANS: kB 7. Which kof kthe kfollowing kare kjoined ktogether kby kpeptide kbonds? a. Amino kacids b. Monosaccharides c. Lipids d. Steroids ANS: kA 8. Cholesterol kis a. an kessential kamino kacid. b. stored kas kglycogen. c. degraded kto ksucrose, klactose, kand kmaltose. d. used kto ksynthesize ksteroids. ANS: kD 9. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis knot ka kcarbohydrate kterm? a. Glycogen b. Monosaccharide c. Glycerol d. Sucrose, kmaltose, kand klactose ANS: kC 10. Starch kis kclassified kas ka(n) a. lipid. b. fatty kacid. c. amino kacid. d. polysaccharide. ANS: kD 11. Which kof kthe kfollowing kdescribes kthe kbreakdown kof kglucose kto klactic kacid? a. Aerobic b. Krebs kcycle c. Glycolysis d. Gluconeogenesis ANS: kC 12. Which kof kthe kfollowing kdelivers kcholesterol kto knon-hepatic ktissue? a. HDL b. LDL c. VLDL d. Fattykacids ANS: kB 13. The kbest kmethod kfor kdecreasing kblood kcholesterol klevel kis kto a. decrease kdietary kintake kof kcholesterol. b. decrease kdietary kintake kof ksaturated kfat. c. increase kprotein kintake. d. increase kcarbohydrate kintake. ANS: kB 14. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kmost krelated kto kglycolysis? a. Krebs kcycle b. Mitochondria c. Lactic kacid d. Aerobic ANS: kC 15. In kthe kabsence kof koxygen, kglucose kis kcatabolized kto a. lactic kacid. b. carbon kdioxide kand kwater. c. urea. d. fatty kacid. ANS: kA 16. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kleast krelated kto klactic kacid? a. Glycolysis b. Krebs kcycle c. Anaerobic d. Cytoplasm ANS: kB 17. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kmost kdescriptive kof kglucose? a. Disaccharide b. Peptide c. Glycerol d. Carbohydrate ANS: kD 18. Starches, kamylases, kand kdisaccharidases kare krelated kto a. carbohydrates. b. steroids. c. enzymes. d. peptides. ANS: kA 19. Which kof kthe kfollowing kterms kis kmost kdescriptive kof kribose kand kdeoxyribose? a. Steroids b. Lipids c. Sugars d. Disaccharides ANS: kC 20. Which kof kthe kfollowing kprocesses kforms kthe kmost kATP? a. Glycolysis b. Conversion kof kglucose kto kglycogen c. Aerobic kcatabolism kof kglucose d. Catabolism kof kglucose kto klactic kacid ANS: kC 21. An k–NH2 k group kand ka k–COOH kgroup kare kmost kcharacteristic kof ka(n) a. fatty kacid. b. amino kacid. c. monosaccharide. d. ketoacid. ANS: kB 22. DNA a. is kdouble kstranded kand kstores kthe kgenetic kcode. b. contains kribose kas kits ksugar. c. is klocated kwithin kthe kcytoplasm. d. contains kthe kfollowing kbases: kcytosine, kguanine, kadenine, kand kuracil. ANS: kA 23. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue kof kbase ksequencing? a. Occurs kwithin kthe kmitochondrion b. Occurs kalong kthe kribosome c. Stores kthe kgenetic kcode d. Is ka kfunction kof kthe kKrebs kcycle ANS: kC 24. Adenine, kthymine, kcytosine, kand kguanine kare a. bases kof kDNA. b. sugars kused kto ksynthesize knucleotides. c. intermediates kof kthe kKrebs kcycle. d. amino kacids. ANS: kA 25. Adenine, kuracil, kcytosine, kand kguanine kare a. sugars kused kto ksynthesize knucleotides. b. bases kof kRNA. c. nonessential kamino kacids. d. ketone kbodies. ANS: k B 26. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ka kdouble-stranded knucleic kacid kthat kis kcalled kthe kblueprint kfor klife? a. Urea b. DNA c. Gene d. RNA 4 ANS: kB 27. With kwhich kprocess kare kboth kDNAkand kmRNAkinvolved? a. Transcription b. Translation c. Glycolysis d. ATPkproduction ANS: kA 28. Which kof kthe kfollowing kcarries kthe kindividual kamino kacids kfromkthe kcytoplasm kto kthe kribosome kfor kassembly kinto ka kprotein? a. DNA b. tRNA c. mRNA d. ATP ANS: kB 29. With kwhich kbase kcan kadenine kpair? a. Guanine b. Cytosine c. Ribose d. Uracil ANS: kD 30. tRNAkreads kthe kgenetic kcode kstored kin a. DNA. b. ribosomes. c. mRNA. d. nuclear kmembrane. ANS: kC 31. mRNAk“gets” kthe kgenetic kcode kfrom a. DNA. b. tRNA. c. the kribosomes kon kthe kER. d. centrioles. ANS: kA 32. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kleast krelated kto kurea? a. Hepatic ksynthesis b. Nitrogenous kwaste c. Chemical kformula kis kNH k + d. Excreted kin kthe kurine ANS: kC 33. Hepatic kencephalopathy kcan kbe kcaused kby kincreasing kblood klevels kof a. ammonia. b. urea. c. nitrogen. d. lactic kacid. ANS: kA 34. Gluconeogenesis kis ka kprocess kthat kmakes a. glucose kfromkglycogen. b. glucose kfromkprotein. c. proteinkfromkglucose. d. proteinkfrom kfat. ANS: kB 35. Gluconeogenesis a. increases kblood kcholesterol. b. increases kurea ksynthesis. c. increases kbloodkglucose. d. causes khypoglycemia. ANS: kC 36. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kdescriptive kof kmonosaccharides? a. Theykare kfatty kacids. b. They kare kstored kas kglycogen. c. They kare kjoined ktogether kby kpeptide kbonds. d. The kmost kimportant kis ktrypsin. ANS: kB 37. Glycogen kis ka(n) a. alcohol, kan kend-product kof kfat kdigestion. b. indigestible kpolysaccharide kalsokcalled kcellulose. c. polysaccharide kthat kis kthe kstorage kformkof kglucose. d. plant kstarch. ANS: kC 38. Dietarykcellulose a. is kabsorbed kfromkthe kdigestive ktract kand kconverted kto kglucose kand kfuels kthe kcells. b. is kconverted kto kprotein kby kthe kprocess kof kgluconeogenesis. c. is kcatabolized kbykthe kliver kto kketone kbodies. d. cannot kbe kmetabolized kbut kis kbeneficial kbecause kit kprovides kfiber kand kbulk. ANS: kD 39. Lactic kacidosis a. is kcaused konly kby krapid kand kincomplete kcatabolism kof kfatty kacids. b. is kaccompanied kby kthe kformation kof klarge kamounts kof kATP. c. develops kin kresponse kto kprolonged kanaerobic kcatabolism. d. is kcaused konly kby kextreme kexercise kcharacterized kby kmuscle ksoreness. ANS: kC 40. The kKrebs kcycle kand kelectron ktransport kchain kenzymes a. are klocated kwithin kthe kmitochondria. b. function kunder kanaerobic kconditions. c. generate klactic kacid. d. are kresponsible kfor kglycolysis. ANS: kA 41. What kdoes kthe kfollowing kdescribe: kThree klong-chain kfatty kacids kthat kare kattached kto ka kglycerol kmolecule? a. Steroid b. Polysaccharide c. Pyrimidine d. Triglyceride ANS: kD 42. What kdoes kthe kfollowing kdescribe: kAlanine– leucine– kcysteine–phenylalanine–proline–arginine? a. Fattykacid b. Peptide c. Disaccharide d. Nucleotide ANS: kB 43. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kdescriptive kof kcholesterol? a. Protein b. Functions kas kan kenzyme c. Can kbe ksynthesized kby kthe kliver d. Primary ksequence kand kpeptide kbonds ANS: kC 44. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kcharacteristic kof kglycolysis? a. Occurs kwithin kthe kcytoplasm b. Functions kaerobically c. Converts kprotein kto kglucose d. Completelykmetabolizes kglucose kto kCO2, kH2O, kand kATP ANS: kA 45. Translation kinvolves a. ribose kand kdeoxyribose. b. thymine kand kuracil. c. DNAkand kmRNA. d. mRNAkand ktRNA. ANS: kD 46. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kdescriptive kof kmitochondrial kfunction? a. Lactic kacid kproduction b. Glycolysis c. Aerobic kcatabolism d. Protein ksynthesis ANS: kC 47. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kcharacteristic kof kurea? a. Formed kin kthe kkidneys kand kexcreted kby kthe kliver kinto kbile b. Nitrogen-containing kwaste kformed kin kthe kliver c. Characterized kas kan kessential kamino kacid d. Classified kas ka kdisaccharide ANS: kB 48. Amino kacids kare a. joined ktogether kby kpeptide kbonds. b. the kbuilding kblocks kof kprotein. c. characterized kas kessential kand knonessential. d. All kof kthe kabove. ANS: kD 49. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kmost kdescriptive kof kammonia? a. Nitrogen kcontaining kand kbrain ktoxic b. Akcatalyst c. An kessential kamino kacid d. Derived kfromkglycogen kcatabolism ANS: kA 50. Monosaccharides a. include kglucose, kfructose, kand kgalactose. b. include ksucrose, klactose, kand kmaltose. c. are kclassified kas ksaturated kand kunsaturated. d. are kcarbohydrate-splitting kenzymes. ANS: kA 51. Which kof kthe kfollowing krepresents ka kstrand kof kDNA kcomplementary kto kTTT kCGCkGGG kTCG? a. UUUkGCG kAAA kUGC b. UUUkGCG kCCC kAGC c. AAAkGCG kCCC kAGC d. AAAkGCG kCCC kUGC ANS: kC 52. Which kof kthe kfollowing krepresents ka kcomplementary kstrand kof kmRNA: kTTTkCGCkGGG kTCG? a. UUUkGCG kCCC kUGC b. UUUkGCG kCCC kAGC c. AAAkGCG kCCC kAGC d. AAAkGCG kCCC kUGC ANS: kC 53. Which kof kthe kfollowing krepresents ka kbase ksequence kof ktRNA kthat kwill kbind kto kmRNA kUUU? a. UUU b. AAA c. TTT d. CCC ANS: kB 54. Transcription kproduces a. tRNA. b. a kcomplementary kstrand kof kDNA. c. deoxyribose. d. mRNA. ANS: kD 55. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis knot ktrue kof kglycogen? kGlycogen a. is ka kstorage kformkof kglucose. b. is kan kalcohol kto kwhich kthree kfatty kacids kattach, kthereby kforming ka ktriglyceride. c. helps kin kthe kregulation kof kblood kglucose. d. is kstored kwithin kthe kliver kand kskeletal kmuscle. ANS: kB 56. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ka kmonosaccharide kthat kis kmeasured kas kthe k“blood ksugar”? a. Glycerol b. Glycogen c. Glucose d. Lactose ANS: kC 57. This ksubstance kis kcomposed kof kglycerol kand kthree kfatty kacids. a. Glycogen b. Polypeptide c. Steroid d. Triglyceride ANS: kD 58. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis knot ka klipid kor klipoid ksubstance? a. Steroids b. Vitamins kA, kD, kE, kand kK c. Prostaglandins d. Ammonia ANS: kD 59. Which kgroup kis kcorrect? a. Lipids: ktriglycerides kand kurea b. Polysaccharides: kglycogen kand kglucose c. Amino kacids: kammonia kand kglycerol d. Nitrogen-containing kwaste: kurea kand kcreatinine ANS: kD 60. Gluconeogenesis kconverts a. glucose kto kamino kacids kfor kprotein ksynthesis. b. glucose kto kfatty kacids kfor kstorage kof kexcess ksugar kas kfat. c. bodykprotein kto kglucose kin kan kinsulin-deficient kstate. d. ammonia kto kurea kfor kexcretion kinto kthe kurine. ANS: kC 61. Which kof kthe kfollowing koccurs kfirst? a. Reading kthe kmRNAkcode kby ktRNA b. mRNAkleaves kthe knucleus kthrough kthe knuclear kpores c. Transcription d. Translation ANS: kC 62. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kleast krelated kto kthe kaerobic kmetabolism kof kglucose? a. Intramitochondrial b. Ketones c. CO2 k+ kH2O k+kATP d. Oxygen ANS: kB 63. The kreaction kof k–COOH kand k–NH2 a. forms kurea. b. creates ka kpeptide kbond. c. forms kglycogen. d. forms ka kketone kbody. ANS: kB 64. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis k(are) knecessary kfor kthe ksynthesis kof kurea? a. Ketone kbodies b. Insulin c. Glycogen d. Liver kenzymes ANS: kD 65. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis ktrue kof kurea? kUrea kis a. nitrogen kcontaining. b. produced kby khepatic kcells. c. eliminated kin kthe kurine. d. All kof kthe kabove kare ktrue. ANS: kD 66. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kcharacteristic kof kRNA kbut knot kDNA? a. Deoxyribose b. Adenine kand kthymine c. Double kstranded d. Uracil kand kadenine ANS: kD 67. Transcription a. occurs kwithin kthe knucleus. b. involves kDNAkand kmRNA. c. involves ktRNAkand kmRNA. d. Both kA kand kBkare ktrue. ANS: kD 68. Translation a. occurs kwithin kthe knucleus. b. involves kDNAkand ktRNA. c. involves ktRNAkand kmRNA. d. refers kto kthe kproduction kof ka kcomplementary kstrand kof kDNA. ANS: kC 69. A kstrand kof kDNAkreads kATTCGCAGG. kAkstrand kof kmRNA kreads a. TAGGCGTCC. b. UUGGCGCUC. c. UTTCGCTCC. d. UAAGCGUCC. ANS: kD 70. Which kof kthe kfollowing krepresents kbase kpairing? a. CCGTTACTG b. Sugar–phosphate, ksugar–phosphate, ksugar–phosphate c. Ribose–deoxyribose, kribose–deoxyribose, kribose–deoxyribose d. A–T, kT–A, kC–G, kA–U ANS: kD Chapter k05: kMicrobiology kBasics Herlihy: kThe kHumankBody kinkHealthkandkIllness, k7thkEdition MULTIPLEkCHOICE 1. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kdefined kas ka kdisease-producing kmicroorganism? a. Normal kflora b. Pathogen c. Arthropod d. Parasite ANS: kB 2. Which kword kbest kcharacterizes kTyphoid kMary? a. Immune b. Symptomatic c. Carrier d. Fomite ANS: kC 3. Which kof kthe kfollowing kdescribes kthe ksigns kand ksymptoms kthat kdevelop kin kresponse kto ka kpathogen? a. Syndrome b. Allergy c. Infection d. Immunity ANS: kC 4. Influenza kis kbest kdescribed kas ka(n) a. localizedkinfection. b. allergic kreaction. c. bacterial kinfection. d. systemic kinfection. ANS: kD 5. Cocci, kbacilli, kand kcurved krods kare kclassified kas a. viruses. b. pathogens. c. bacteria. d. parasites. ANS: kC 6. Bacteria a. include kcocci, kbacilli, kand kcurved krods. b. are knot kpart kof kthe knormal kflora kof kthe kintestines. c. cause kmycotic kinfections. d. include kmold kand kyeast. ANS: kA 7. An kabscess kis a. an kexample kof ka ksystemic kinfection. b. always kviral kin korigin. c. an kexample kof ka kmycotic kinfection. d. an kexample kof ka klocalized kinfection. ANS: kD 8. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kleast kdescriptive kof kstaphylococci? a. Grapelike karrangement b. Bacterial c. Gram-positive d. Underlying kcause kof krheumatic kfever ANS: kD 9. Rickettsiae kare a. classified kas kfungi. b. viruses. c. often kcarried kby kfleas, kticks, kand kbodyklice. d. arthropod kvectors. ANS: kC 10. Streptococci kand kstaphylococci kare a. viruses. b. gram-positive kbacteria. c. arthropods. d. parasites. ANS: kB 11. Rickettsiae kand kchlamydiae kare kclassified kas a. viruses. b. bacteria. c. arthropods. d. bacilli. ANS: kB 12. Which kof kthe kfollowing kare kclassified kas kgram-positive kand kgram-negative? a. Viruses b. Bacteria c. Fungi d. Yeast ANS: kB 13. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kleast kdescriptive kof kCandida kalbicans? a. Causative korganism kof kimpetigo b. Fungal kinfection c. Yeast kinfection d. Antibiotic-inducedksuperinfection ANS: kA 14. Tetanus, ktuberculosis, kand kdiphtheria kare a. staphylococcal kinfections. b. caused kby ka kspirochete. c. localizedkinfections. d. bacterial kinfections. ANS: kD 15. Whichkhighly kcoiled kmicroorganism kresembles ka kcorkscrew? a. Staphylococcus b. Streptococcus c. Bacillus d. Spirillum ANS: kD 16. Clostridiumktetani kand kClostridium kdifficile a. are kgram-negative kbacilli. b. are kanaerobic. c. are kalways kpathogenic. d. cause kthe k“tineas,” ksuch kas kathlete’s kfoot kand kringworm. ANS: kB 17. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kleast kdescriptive kof kTreponema kpallidum? a. Causes ksyphilis b. Classified kas ka kbacterium c. Is kmost koften kspread kby kthe kfecal–oral kroute d. Is ka kspirochete ANS: kC 18. What kis kthe ksignificance kof kbacterial kspore kformation? kThe kbacterium a. becomes kmore ksensitive kto kthe keffects kof kantibiotics. b. becomes kmore kresistant kto kharsh kenvironmental kconditions. c. increases kits kreproductive kactivity. d. permanentlykloses kits kabilitykto kcause kdisease. ANS: kB 19. Which kof kthe kfollowing krequires kanother kliving khost kfor kits kcontinued kexistence? a. Arthropod b. Pathogen c. Parasite d. Bacterium ANS: kC 20. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kcalled kthe kacid-fast kbacillus? a. Staphylococcus kaureus b. Salmonella ktyphi c. Mycobacteriumktuberculosis d. Clostridiumktetani ANS: kC 21. Akmycotic kinfection kis kcaused kby ka(n) a. parasite. b. bacterium. c. fungus. d. arthropod. ANS: kC 22. With kregard kto kinfectious kdisease, karthropods kmost koften kact kas a. parasites. b. causative korganisms kof kdisease. c. vectors. d. fomites. ANS: kC 23. Which kdisease kis kcaused kbyka ksporozoan kcarried kby ka kmosquito? a. Typhoid kfever b. Tetanus c. Malaria d. RockykMountain kspotted kfever ANS: kC 24. Infections ksuch kas kathlete’s kfoot kand kringwormkare kreferred kto kas a. systemic. b. mycotic. c. parasitic. d. bacterial. ANS: kB 25. Whichkgroup kincludes ksingle-cell kanimal-like kmicrobes, ksuch kas kamebas? a. Bacilli b. Arthropods c. Viruses d. Protozoa ANS: kD 26. Which k“bad kair” kdisease kis kcaused kby ka kplasmodium? a. Measles b. Tinea c. Tetanus d. Malaria ANS: kD 27. Which kof kthe kfollowing kis kmost krelated kto kthe krusty knail kinfection? a. Clostridium b. Mycotic c. Viral d. Parasitic ANS: kA 28. Tinea kis kmost krelated kto a. ringworm. b. tetanus. c. systemic kinfection. d. treatment kwith kanthelmintics. ANS: kA 29. A kfomite kis ka a. worm. b. parasite. c. vector. d. host. ANS: kC 30. Akhelminth kis ka(n) a. parasite. b. arthropod. c. worm. d. bacterium. ANS: kC 31. Amebic kdysentery kand kgiardiasis kare a. mycotic kinfections. b. caused kby kSalmonella. c. wormkinfestations. d. caused kbykprotozoan kparasites. ANS: kD 32. The kova kof kwhich kof kthese kparasitic kand kpathogenic kmulticellular kanimals kusuallykappear kin kthe kstool kof kthe kinfected kperson? a. Worms b. Viruses c. Arthropods d. Spirochetes ANS: kA 33. The ktick kassociated kwith kRocky kMountain kspotted kfever kis kreferred kto kas ka(n) a. arthropod kvector. b. causative korganism. c. spirochete. d. fungus. ANS: kA 34. The kacid-fast kbacillus kis a. most koften kspread kthrough kdroplet kinfection. b. eradicated kby ka ksingle kdose kof kpenicillin. c. pathogenic konly kin khumans. d. most koften kdiagnosed kby ka kurine kculture. ANS: kA 35. RockykMountain kspotted kfever kis kmost keffectively ktreated