PSYC 140 - Module 6 Exam Review
Boys Puberty - answerStart of Puberty: Usually begins between ages 9.5 and 13.5.
Growth Spurt: age 12.5
Spermarche (First Ejaculation): Begins around the age of 13
End of Puberty: 18 years old on average.
Girls Puberty - answerStart of Puberty: Typically begins between ages 8 and 13.
Growth Spurt: starts age 10
Menarche (First Menstruation): age 12.5
End of Puberty: 16 years old on average.
Summarize the domino effect and its role in puberty. - answerThe hypothalamus is a
regulatory center in the brain and it sends GnRH to the pituitary gland, triggered by
achieving a certain threshold of body fat. The pituitary gland released gonadotropins
(FSH and LH) which trigger the production of sperm and ovarian follicles, along with sex
hormones being released into the bloodstream. These sex hormones lead to the
development of secondary sex characteristics like pubic hair growth, breast growth, etc.
Late-Maturing Girls - answerhave not been identified for being at risk for major
problems, although these individuals may feel annoyed at being behind their peers
regarding sexual development. The poor outcomes are by no means inevitable.
Early-Maturing Boys - answertypically receive positive attention for being the tallest and
strongest in their class. This positive attention is often from both girls and other boys,
who may look up to early maturing boys who have a natural advantage in sports and
other activities.
Late-Maturing Boys - answermay be at-risk for problem behaviors if their appearance
and behavior, paired with an unsympathetic and bullying school situation, results in their
being rejected by their peers. The poor outcomes are by no means inevitable.
Profile of people with anorexia nervosa - answerare more likely to come from middle- to
upper-class families that are highly controlling, common for it to run in the family.
are more likely to be very perfectionistic and tightly controlling of their own behaviors.
may come from a culture or part of society where there is a high emphasis on being
thin.
may also have low levels of key neurotransmitters.
Profile of people with bulimia nervosa - answermay also run in families. However, these
individuals are more likely to be impulsive and engage in other reckless behaviors.
Research has found connections between bulimia and depressive disorders, indicating
a possible biochemical problem.
, Eating disorders - answerIn summary, a variety of social, genetic, neurochemical, and
personality variables play a role in eating disorders. However, younger and more
perfectionistic individuals are more likely to develop anorexia, while older and more
impulsive individuals are more likely to develop bulimia.
People with the purging subtype of anorexia will still be concerned about obesity and
would be underweight. Those components are not part of bulimia.
Early Maturing Girls - answerGirls who begin to mature before age 10 my experience
delinquency, negative body image, eating Disorder, substance abuse and early sexual
behavior.
Boys who begin to mature before age 12 may experience popularity with girls,
popularity among male peers & athletic success. May also be more prone to risk
behavior, starting to do more activities before they are ready.
Girl who mature later in life may have a more boyish figure and suffer from body image
problems. Even feeling left out from their peers.
Boys who mature later may be at risk for some social and behavioral problems if these
physical attributes contribute to them being rejected by their peers.
What are the health consequences of anorexia nervosa? - answeraffects your entire
body.
Anorexia can be fatal, and it is the deadliest mental disorder. Anorexia damages all
major organs, and heart problems can linger for the rest of the individual's life.
Nutritional deficiencies also affect the brain and bones. Amenorrhea (cessation of
menstruation) is also common. Both anorexia and bulimia are associated with mental
health issues, including depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts.
What are the health consequences of bulimia nervosa? - answeraffects the entire body.
Is less costly from a health standpoint, it can result in heart failure and stomach rupture.
More benign consequences are from purging behaviors, which can noticeably affect
cheeks and hands. However, consequences of bulimia are less noticeable than the
consequences of anorexia, particularly since many bulimic individuals are of normal
weight or are overweight (purging is an inefficient means of losing weight). Both
anorexia and bulimia are associated with mental health issues, including depression,
anxiety, and suicidal thoughts.
How does formal operational thought differ from concrete operational thought? Give an
example (other than one used in the module) of the type of thinking in formal operations
that a child in concrete operations might find difficult. - answerformal operational thought
is some ways is a continuation of concrete operational thought. Individuals at this stage
can think abstractly and hypothetically. They can engage in deductive reasoning,
consider possibilities, and think about concepts and situations that are not directly tied
to concrete experiences.
An example would be, a child is presented with the following problem: "If all birds can
fly, and a penguin is a bird, can a penguin fly?" With formal operational thought one is
able to use hypothetical-deductive reasoning to consider possibilities and answer the
Boys Puberty - answerStart of Puberty: Usually begins between ages 9.5 and 13.5.
Growth Spurt: age 12.5
Spermarche (First Ejaculation): Begins around the age of 13
End of Puberty: 18 years old on average.
Girls Puberty - answerStart of Puberty: Typically begins between ages 8 and 13.
Growth Spurt: starts age 10
Menarche (First Menstruation): age 12.5
End of Puberty: 16 years old on average.
Summarize the domino effect and its role in puberty. - answerThe hypothalamus is a
regulatory center in the brain and it sends GnRH to the pituitary gland, triggered by
achieving a certain threshold of body fat. The pituitary gland released gonadotropins
(FSH and LH) which trigger the production of sperm and ovarian follicles, along with sex
hormones being released into the bloodstream. These sex hormones lead to the
development of secondary sex characteristics like pubic hair growth, breast growth, etc.
Late-Maturing Girls - answerhave not been identified for being at risk for major
problems, although these individuals may feel annoyed at being behind their peers
regarding sexual development. The poor outcomes are by no means inevitable.
Early-Maturing Boys - answertypically receive positive attention for being the tallest and
strongest in their class. This positive attention is often from both girls and other boys,
who may look up to early maturing boys who have a natural advantage in sports and
other activities.
Late-Maturing Boys - answermay be at-risk for problem behaviors if their appearance
and behavior, paired with an unsympathetic and bullying school situation, results in their
being rejected by their peers. The poor outcomes are by no means inevitable.
Profile of people with anorexia nervosa - answerare more likely to come from middle- to
upper-class families that are highly controlling, common for it to run in the family.
are more likely to be very perfectionistic and tightly controlling of their own behaviors.
may come from a culture or part of society where there is a high emphasis on being
thin.
may also have low levels of key neurotransmitters.
Profile of people with bulimia nervosa - answermay also run in families. However, these
individuals are more likely to be impulsive and engage in other reckless behaviors.
Research has found connections between bulimia and depressive disorders, indicating
a possible biochemical problem.
, Eating disorders - answerIn summary, a variety of social, genetic, neurochemical, and
personality variables play a role in eating disorders. However, younger and more
perfectionistic individuals are more likely to develop anorexia, while older and more
impulsive individuals are more likely to develop bulimia.
People with the purging subtype of anorexia will still be concerned about obesity and
would be underweight. Those components are not part of bulimia.
Early Maturing Girls - answerGirls who begin to mature before age 10 my experience
delinquency, negative body image, eating Disorder, substance abuse and early sexual
behavior.
Boys who begin to mature before age 12 may experience popularity with girls,
popularity among male peers & athletic success. May also be more prone to risk
behavior, starting to do more activities before they are ready.
Girl who mature later in life may have a more boyish figure and suffer from body image
problems. Even feeling left out from their peers.
Boys who mature later may be at risk for some social and behavioral problems if these
physical attributes contribute to them being rejected by their peers.
What are the health consequences of anorexia nervosa? - answeraffects your entire
body.
Anorexia can be fatal, and it is the deadliest mental disorder. Anorexia damages all
major organs, and heart problems can linger for the rest of the individual's life.
Nutritional deficiencies also affect the brain and bones. Amenorrhea (cessation of
menstruation) is also common. Both anorexia and bulimia are associated with mental
health issues, including depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts.
What are the health consequences of bulimia nervosa? - answeraffects the entire body.
Is less costly from a health standpoint, it can result in heart failure and stomach rupture.
More benign consequences are from purging behaviors, which can noticeably affect
cheeks and hands. However, consequences of bulimia are less noticeable than the
consequences of anorexia, particularly since many bulimic individuals are of normal
weight or are overweight (purging is an inefficient means of losing weight). Both
anorexia and bulimia are associated with mental health issues, including depression,
anxiety, and suicidal thoughts.
How does formal operational thought differ from concrete operational thought? Give an
example (other than one used in the module) of the type of thinking in formal operations
that a child in concrete operations might find difficult. - answerformal operational thought
is some ways is a continuation of concrete operational thought. Individuals at this stage
can think abstractly and hypothetically. They can engage in deductive reasoning,
consider possibilities, and think about concepts and situations that are not directly tied
to concrete experiences.
An example would be, a child is presented with the following problem: "If all birds can
fly, and a penguin is a bird, can a penguin fly?" With formal operational thought one is
able to use hypothetical-deductive reasoning to consider possibilities and answer the
