PSYC 140 Module 4
This researcher emphasized the role of the teacher and expert in learning
A. Piaget
B. Vygotsky – answer B. Vygotsky
According to Vygotsky, in an ideal learning situation, adults give much
assistance to young children early on. As the children become more
competent, the adult begins to withdraw assistance. This illustrates the zone of
__________ - answer proximal development
_______ according to Piaget, is the ability to understand that altering physical
appearance does not necessarily change the amount of that substance - answer
Conservation
According to Piaget, _____ are mental activities - answer Operations
Which of the following accurately describes Discovery Learning?
A. children learn by actively exploring: emphasis on hands-on learning
B. children learn by reading about experiments: emphasis on critical reading
C. children learn by traveling to different countries: emphasis on global perspective
D. None of the above - answerA. children learn by actively exploring: emphasis on
hands-on learning
True or false: Myelination can impact the way that children think - answerTrue
The process by which neurons become insulated with a layer of fat cells is known as
________ - answermyelination
True or false: it is common for young children to engage in gender stereotyping -
answertrue
True or false: children are not born with the ability to take another's perspective -
answerTrue
Why is parallel play an example of egocentrism? - answerParallel play is an example of
egocentrism because young children are more focused on what they are doing rather
than playing with other kids. This is because they have a hard time taking other's
perspectives into consideration, which makes mutual play more difficult.
, Give an example of a child exhibiting animism, as defined by Piaget. - answerA child
claiming that her stuffed animals miss her when she's gone is an example of animism.
What is the age range for Piaget's Preoperational stage? - answer2-7 years old
What purpose does myelination in the brains of young children serve? -
answerMyelination insulates and lubricates neurons to speed up the transmission of
messages between neurons. This helps improve efficiency of cognitive functions.
What are two biological reasons for why young children think inefficiently -
answerYoung children are still undergoing myelination and synaptic pruning
Which Piagetian substage occurs during the Preoperational stage:
A. Secondary circular reactions
B. Symbolic function
C. Metacognition - answerB. Symbolic function
Why do young children fail conservation tasks? - answerbecause of centration, which is
the tendency for children to focus on only one aspect of an object. Therefore, they miss
the big picture and conservation is difficult.
_____ are tree-like branches of neurons - answerdendrites
Which of Baumrind's parenting styles is associated with the best long-term outcomes? -
answerAuthoritative parenting
True or False: neglect is not a form of child abuse - answerfalse
What does the Piagetian term, "Preoperations" mean? Why did Piaget use that term? -
answerPreoperations means before mental activities. The Preoperational stage
describes the stage of cognitive development before a child is able to think logically and
perform activities such as adding and subtracting, so the stage name literally describes
the child's thinking during this time.
Describe each of Baumrind's parenting styles. In your description, summarize the key
features, indicating what responsiveness and demandingness look like in each
parenting style. Be sure to also define "responsiveness" and "demandingness" in your
answer.
Then, give a detailed illustration of parents displaying each style. Be sure that your
illustration showcases specific parents (you can even give
pseudonyms if you'd like!) behaving according to each type of parenting style in
everyday life. These illustrations should be distinct (separate) from your descriptions of
the parenting styles. - answerThe four parenting styles described by Baumrind include
authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and neglectful. These styles differ in levels of
This researcher emphasized the role of the teacher and expert in learning
A. Piaget
B. Vygotsky – answer B. Vygotsky
According to Vygotsky, in an ideal learning situation, adults give much
assistance to young children early on. As the children become more
competent, the adult begins to withdraw assistance. This illustrates the zone of
__________ - answer proximal development
_______ according to Piaget, is the ability to understand that altering physical
appearance does not necessarily change the amount of that substance - answer
Conservation
According to Piaget, _____ are mental activities - answer Operations
Which of the following accurately describes Discovery Learning?
A. children learn by actively exploring: emphasis on hands-on learning
B. children learn by reading about experiments: emphasis on critical reading
C. children learn by traveling to different countries: emphasis on global perspective
D. None of the above - answerA. children learn by actively exploring: emphasis on
hands-on learning
True or false: Myelination can impact the way that children think - answerTrue
The process by which neurons become insulated with a layer of fat cells is known as
________ - answermyelination
True or false: it is common for young children to engage in gender stereotyping -
answertrue
True or false: children are not born with the ability to take another's perspective -
answerTrue
Why is parallel play an example of egocentrism? - answerParallel play is an example of
egocentrism because young children are more focused on what they are doing rather
than playing with other kids. This is because they have a hard time taking other's
perspectives into consideration, which makes mutual play more difficult.
, Give an example of a child exhibiting animism, as defined by Piaget. - answerA child
claiming that her stuffed animals miss her when she's gone is an example of animism.
What is the age range for Piaget's Preoperational stage? - answer2-7 years old
What purpose does myelination in the brains of young children serve? -
answerMyelination insulates and lubricates neurons to speed up the transmission of
messages between neurons. This helps improve efficiency of cognitive functions.
What are two biological reasons for why young children think inefficiently -
answerYoung children are still undergoing myelination and synaptic pruning
Which Piagetian substage occurs during the Preoperational stage:
A. Secondary circular reactions
B. Symbolic function
C. Metacognition - answerB. Symbolic function
Why do young children fail conservation tasks? - answerbecause of centration, which is
the tendency for children to focus on only one aspect of an object. Therefore, they miss
the big picture and conservation is difficult.
_____ are tree-like branches of neurons - answerdendrites
Which of Baumrind's parenting styles is associated with the best long-term outcomes? -
answerAuthoritative parenting
True or False: neglect is not a form of child abuse - answerfalse
What does the Piagetian term, "Preoperations" mean? Why did Piaget use that term? -
answerPreoperations means before mental activities. The Preoperational stage
describes the stage of cognitive development before a child is able to think logically and
perform activities such as adding and subtracting, so the stage name literally describes
the child's thinking during this time.
Describe each of Baumrind's parenting styles. In your description, summarize the key
features, indicating what responsiveness and demandingness look like in each
parenting style. Be sure to also define "responsiveness" and "demandingness" in your
answer.
Then, give a detailed illustration of parents displaying each style. Be sure that your
illustration showcases specific parents (you can even give
pseudonyms if you'd like!) behaving according to each type of parenting style in
everyday life. These illustrations should be distinct (separate) from your descriptions of
the parenting styles. - answerThe four parenting styles described by Baumrind include
authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and neglectful. These styles differ in levels of
