UCR PSYC 140 Final
3 kinds of social influence - answer conformity, compliance, obedience
Conformity - answer changing one's behavior or beliefs in response to real or imagined
pressure from others
automatic mimicry - answerwe mindlessly imitate other people's behavior
ideomotor actions - answer-merely thinking about a behavior makes performing it more
likely
-preparation to interact (we like people mimicking us)
study: photographs & confederates who shook their foot or rubbed their face -
answerundergrads described photographs from magazines in two sessions with one
other person. the confederate rubbed face or shook foot. participants shook their feet
more often in the presence of the foot-shaking confederate and vice versa
informational social influence - answerthe influence of other people that results from
taking their comments or actions as a source as a source of information about what is
correct
normative social influence - answerthe desire to avoid being criticized, disapproved of,
or shunned
asch's conformity experiment - answer-how often would the participant forsake what
they know and conform to the incorrect judgment given by everyone else?
-8 participants determined which of the three lines were longer, the participant was
influenced by the rest of the confederates and changed their decisions
group size - answerconformity increases with group size, but only until about 3-4
members
group unanimity - answer-if you expect to be pressured to conform and want to remain
true to your beliefs, bring an ally
-the presence of an ally weakens informational & normative social influence
anonymity - answereliminates normative social influence and therefore should
substantially reduce conformity
, expertise/status - answerexpertise: informational social influence
status: normative social influence
culture - answerindependent cultures: more susceptible to information and normative
social influence
gender - answerwomen conform more in stereotypically male domains
men conform more in stereotypically female domains
five factors that affect conformity - answergroup size, group unanimity, anonymity,
expertise/status, culture, gender
compliance - answerresponding favorably to an explicit request by another person
3 types of compliance approaches - answerreason-based approaches, emotion-based
approaches, norm-based approaches
reason based: norm of reciprocity - answerpeople should provide benefits to those who
benefit them
reason based: door in the face technique - answerask someone for a large favor with
expectation that you will be refused, follow request with a smaller favor
reason based: that's not all technique - answerTV costs $2000 dollars, but that's not all!
it comes with a free surround sound
reason based: foot in the door technique - answermake a small request that everyone
will say yes to, then hit them with the big favor you actually care about
emotion based - answerpositive mood: more likely to agree with results and help others
why does positive mood matter? - answer-our mood colors how we interpret an event
-mood maintenance
negative state relief hypothesis - answertaking action to benefit someone else is one
way to make ourselves feel better
norm based: descriptive norms - answerthe behavior exhibited by most people in a
given context
norm based: prescriptive norms - answerthe way a person is supposed to behave in a
given context
3 kinds of social influence - answer conformity, compliance, obedience
Conformity - answer changing one's behavior or beliefs in response to real or imagined
pressure from others
automatic mimicry - answerwe mindlessly imitate other people's behavior
ideomotor actions - answer-merely thinking about a behavior makes performing it more
likely
-preparation to interact (we like people mimicking us)
study: photographs & confederates who shook their foot or rubbed their face -
answerundergrads described photographs from magazines in two sessions with one
other person. the confederate rubbed face or shook foot. participants shook their feet
more often in the presence of the foot-shaking confederate and vice versa
informational social influence - answerthe influence of other people that results from
taking their comments or actions as a source as a source of information about what is
correct
normative social influence - answerthe desire to avoid being criticized, disapproved of,
or shunned
asch's conformity experiment - answer-how often would the participant forsake what
they know and conform to the incorrect judgment given by everyone else?
-8 participants determined which of the three lines were longer, the participant was
influenced by the rest of the confederates and changed their decisions
group size - answerconformity increases with group size, but only until about 3-4
members
group unanimity - answer-if you expect to be pressured to conform and want to remain
true to your beliefs, bring an ally
-the presence of an ally weakens informational & normative social influence
anonymity - answereliminates normative social influence and therefore should
substantially reduce conformity
, expertise/status - answerexpertise: informational social influence
status: normative social influence
culture - answerindependent cultures: more susceptible to information and normative
social influence
gender - answerwomen conform more in stereotypically male domains
men conform more in stereotypically female domains
five factors that affect conformity - answergroup size, group unanimity, anonymity,
expertise/status, culture, gender
compliance - answerresponding favorably to an explicit request by another person
3 types of compliance approaches - answerreason-based approaches, emotion-based
approaches, norm-based approaches
reason based: norm of reciprocity - answerpeople should provide benefits to those who
benefit them
reason based: door in the face technique - answerask someone for a large favor with
expectation that you will be refused, follow request with a smaller favor
reason based: that's not all technique - answerTV costs $2000 dollars, but that's not all!
it comes with a free surround sound
reason based: foot in the door technique - answermake a small request that everyone
will say yes to, then hit them with the big favor you actually care about
emotion based - answerpositive mood: more likely to agree with results and help others
why does positive mood matter? - answer-our mood colors how we interpret an event
-mood maintenance
negative state relief hypothesis - answertaking action to benefit someone else is one
way to make ourselves feel better
norm based: descriptive norms - answerthe behavior exhibited by most people in a
given context
norm based: prescriptive norms - answerthe way a person is supposed to behave in a
given context
