First line hypertension treatment - ANSWER Thiazide diuretics
ACEi/ARBs
DHP-CCB
Name the thiazide and thiazide like diuretics - ANSWER Chlorithalidone
Hydrochlorothiazide
Indapamide
Metolazone
Which thiazide/thiazide-like diuretic is preferred? - ANSWER Chlorithalidone
Side effects of thiazide/thiazide-like diuretics - ANSWER fluid/electrolyte
imbalances
(HYPO - K, Mg, Na)
(HYPER - Ca, uricemia, LDL, TG, glycemia)
dizziness
Thiazide/thiazide-like diuretic clinical pearls - ANSWER Sulfa drug -
contraindicated in sulfa allergy
take early to avoid nocturia
decreases Li clearance which can cause toxicity
increases dofetilide concentration which can cause QT prolongation
name the DHP-CCBs - ANSWER amlodipine
felodipine
nifedipine
nisoldipine
side effects of DHP-CCBs - ANSWER peripheral edema, dizziness, fatigue,
flushing, headache, palpitations/tachycardia, gingival hyperplasia
, hypotension
DHP-CCB clinical pearls - ANSWER Nifedipine and nicardipine should
ONLY be used in ER form for chronic hypertension or acute BP reduction to
avoid profound hypotension, MI, and/or death
felodipine and nisoldipine are contraindicated in use with itraconazole
caution in severe hepatic impairment and heart failure
Have additional benefits in Raynaud's syndrome
Can treat constipation with bulk forming laxatives
name the Non-DHP CCBs - ANSWER Diltiazem
Verapamil
Non-DHP CCBs side effects - ANSWER edema, headache, dizziness,
constipation (with verapamil), gingival hyperplasia
bradycardia, AV block, hypotension, heart failure
Non-DHP CCB clinical pearls - ANSWER contraindicated in heart failure,
acute MI, and pulmonary congestion
diltiazem IR is indicated for angina
What is the significance of CCBs and CYP3A4 and P-gp - ANSWER All CCB
are major substrates for CYP 3A4
Non-DHPs are P-GP substrates as well
name the ACE inhibitors - ANSWER benazepril
captopril
enalapril
fosinopril
lisinopril
quinapril
ramipril
side effects of ACEi - ANSWER cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema,
ACEi/ARBs
DHP-CCB
Name the thiazide and thiazide like diuretics - ANSWER Chlorithalidone
Hydrochlorothiazide
Indapamide
Metolazone
Which thiazide/thiazide-like diuretic is preferred? - ANSWER Chlorithalidone
Side effects of thiazide/thiazide-like diuretics - ANSWER fluid/electrolyte
imbalances
(HYPO - K, Mg, Na)
(HYPER - Ca, uricemia, LDL, TG, glycemia)
dizziness
Thiazide/thiazide-like diuretic clinical pearls - ANSWER Sulfa drug -
contraindicated in sulfa allergy
take early to avoid nocturia
decreases Li clearance which can cause toxicity
increases dofetilide concentration which can cause QT prolongation
name the DHP-CCBs - ANSWER amlodipine
felodipine
nifedipine
nisoldipine
side effects of DHP-CCBs - ANSWER peripheral edema, dizziness, fatigue,
flushing, headache, palpitations/tachycardia, gingival hyperplasia
, hypotension
DHP-CCB clinical pearls - ANSWER Nifedipine and nicardipine should
ONLY be used in ER form for chronic hypertension or acute BP reduction to
avoid profound hypotension, MI, and/or death
felodipine and nisoldipine are contraindicated in use with itraconazole
caution in severe hepatic impairment and heart failure
Have additional benefits in Raynaud's syndrome
Can treat constipation with bulk forming laxatives
name the Non-DHP CCBs - ANSWER Diltiazem
Verapamil
Non-DHP CCBs side effects - ANSWER edema, headache, dizziness,
constipation (with verapamil), gingival hyperplasia
bradycardia, AV block, hypotension, heart failure
Non-DHP CCB clinical pearls - ANSWER contraindicated in heart failure,
acute MI, and pulmonary congestion
diltiazem IR is indicated for angina
What is the significance of CCBs and CYP3A4 and P-gp - ANSWER All CCB
are major substrates for CYP 3A4
Non-DHPs are P-GP substrates as well
name the ACE inhibitors - ANSWER benazepril
captopril
enalapril
fosinopril
lisinopril
quinapril
ramipril
side effects of ACEi - ANSWER cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema,
