What is a stage 1 pressure ulcer? - ANSWER Skin intact, red, non-blanching,
warm, painful
What is a stage 2 pressure ulcer? - ANSWER partial thickness skin loss
involving epidermis, dermis, or both with visible granulation
What is a stage 3 pressure ulcer? - ANSWER Full thickness skin loss, extends
into the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Slough and tunneling may be present
What is a stage 4 pressure ulcer? - ANSWER Full thickness skin loss, exposed
bone, tendon, or muscle, slough or eschar, and tunneling
What is the function of insulin? - ANSWER - Transports glucose into their
respective cells which lowers blood sugar
- Turns glucose into fats which leads to weight gain
- Transports glucose to the liver for storage and later use.
What is type 1 DM? - ANSWER - Pancreas does not produce any or enough
insulin due to loss of beta cells in islets of langerhans (insulin producing beta
cells)
- Autoimmunie or idiopathic
- Early onset less than 25 years old
- NEED insulin injections
What is type 2 DM? - ANSWER - Insulin resistance even though insulin
present
- AND altered response to glucose
- Results in hyperglycemia
- Gradual increase in resistance to insulin with onset usually seen in adults or
obese children.
, What are the 3 signs of DM? - ANSWER - Polyuria
- Polyphagia
- Polydipsia
What is gestational diabetes? - ANSWER - Developed during pregnancy
- MAY be more likely to develop later in life.
What are the causes of gestational diabetes? - ANSWER - Weight gain
- Genetic predisposition
- Resistance to insulin due to hormone changes
- Low HDL, elevated triglycerides
What is the function of glucagon? - ANSWER - Released during
HYPOglycemia
- Promotes conversion of glycogen into glucose
- Raises blood sugar levels
What are normal blood glucose levels? Prediabetic? Diabetic? - ANSWER -
Normal: <100 mg/dL
- Prediabetic: 100-125 mg/dL
- Diabetic: >125 mg/dL
What blood glucose levels are contraindicated for exercise? - ANSWER Less
than 70, more than 300
What blood glucose levels are considered hyperglycemia? Hypoglycemia? -
ANSWER Hyperglycemia: More than 200-300 mg/dL
Hypoglycemia: Less than 70 mg/dL
If the patient has a sudden onset of extreme fatigue, increased pulse, blurry
vision, sweating and dizziness what is this patient most likely experiencing? -
ANSWER Hypoglycemia
If a patient with arterial disease is participating in aerobic exercise and begin
complaining of pain in the lower extremities what is happening and how should
the PTA respond? - ANSWER The patient is experiencing intermittent
claudication and treatment should be stopped to monitor for dissolvement of
symptoms.
warm, painful
What is a stage 2 pressure ulcer? - ANSWER partial thickness skin loss
involving epidermis, dermis, or both with visible granulation
What is a stage 3 pressure ulcer? - ANSWER Full thickness skin loss, extends
into the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Slough and tunneling may be present
What is a stage 4 pressure ulcer? - ANSWER Full thickness skin loss, exposed
bone, tendon, or muscle, slough or eschar, and tunneling
What is the function of insulin? - ANSWER - Transports glucose into their
respective cells which lowers blood sugar
- Turns glucose into fats which leads to weight gain
- Transports glucose to the liver for storage and later use.
What is type 1 DM? - ANSWER - Pancreas does not produce any or enough
insulin due to loss of beta cells in islets of langerhans (insulin producing beta
cells)
- Autoimmunie or idiopathic
- Early onset less than 25 years old
- NEED insulin injections
What is type 2 DM? - ANSWER - Insulin resistance even though insulin
present
- AND altered response to glucose
- Results in hyperglycemia
- Gradual increase in resistance to insulin with onset usually seen in adults or
obese children.
, What are the 3 signs of DM? - ANSWER - Polyuria
- Polyphagia
- Polydipsia
What is gestational diabetes? - ANSWER - Developed during pregnancy
- MAY be more likely to develop later in life.
What are the causes of gestational diabetes? - ANSWER - Weight gain
- Genetic predisposition
- Resistance to insulin due to hormone changes
- Low HDL, elevated triglycerides
What is the function of glucagon? - ANSWER - Released during
HYPOglycemia
- Promotes conversion of glycogen into glucose
- Raises blood sugar levels
What are normal blood glucose levels? Prediabetic? Diabetic? - ANSWER -
Normal: <100 mg/dL
- Prediabetic: 100-125 mg/dL
- Diabetic: >125 mg/dL
What blood glucose levels are contraindicated for exercise? - ANSWER Less
than 70, more than 300
What blood glucose levels are considered hyperglycemia? Hypoglycemia? -
ANSWER Hyperglycemia: More than 200-300 mg/dL
Hypoglycemia: Less than 70 mg/dL
If the patient has a sudden onset of extreme fatigue, increased pulse, blurry
vision, sweating and dizziness what is this patient most likely experiencing? -
ANSWER Hypoglycemia
If a patient with arterial disease is participating in aerobic exercise and begin
complaining of pain in the lower extremities what is happening and how should
the PTA respond? - ANSWER The patient is experiencing intermittent
claudication and treatment should be stopped to monitor for dissolvement of
symptoms.
