Summary OVERVIEW OF ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIVIRAL MEDICATIONS

OVERVIEW OF ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIVIRAL MEDICATIONS



Penicillin G

Therapeutic and Pharmacologic Class

 Therapeutic Class: Antibacterial

 Pharmacologic Class: Cell wall inhibitor, natural penicillin

Uses/Actions

 Effective against Streptococci, Pneumococci, and Staphylococci

Administration Alerts

 Observe for allergic reactions for 30 minutes after administration

 Safe for use in pregnancy and breastfeeding

Adverse Effects

 Main adverse reaction: Anaphylaxis

 Other effects include diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting

Contraindications

 Use cautiously in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

 Avoid in cases of hypersensitivity

Interactions

 Drug-drug interaction with oral contraceptives

Nursing Implications

 Monitor for anaphylaxis reactions

 Regularly assess kidney function

Cefazolin

, Therapeutic and Pharmacologic Class

 Therapeutic Class: Antibacterial

 Pharmacologic Class: Cell wall inhibitor, first-generation cephalosporin

Uses

 Treats respiratory, urinary, bone, and joint infections

 Commonly used for surgical prophylaxis

Administration Alerts

 Administer deep IM injections to prevent tissue injury

 Safe for use in pregnancy and breastfeeding

Adverse Effects

 Rash is a common adverse effect

 Less likelihood of allergic reactions

Contraindications

 Avoid in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Interactions

 Interacts with vancomycin (nephrotoxicity) and heparin (increased bleeding time)

Nursing Implications

 Monitor kidney function

 Watch for skin hypersensitivity reactions

Tetracycline

Therapeutic and Pharmacologic Class

 Therapeutic Class: Antibacterial Broad Spectrum

 Pharmacologic Class: Tetracycline; protein synthesis inhibitor