2024 NGN HESI PN EXIT 2025/2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS (VERIFIED REVISED FULL EXAM) GRADED A+
1.A fully oriented person is - answer Oriented to person, place, time, & situation (oriented x4).
Rationale A person who is only oriented to one of these elements is at risk for injury. The PN
should provide instructions to the UAP about additional support to the client.
2.Orthostatic falls - answer The PN should obtain standing blood pressure measurements to
evaluate the orthostatic falls in the blood pressure that can cause lightheaded or faint feeling
when rising from a lying position.
2.Atopic dermatitis (Eczema) - answer Heat and humidity can cause perspiration, which
intensifies itching with atopic dermatitis (Eczema), so a client should be encouraged to shower,
using non perfume scented soaps.
3.Rotating injection sites - answer The PN should reteach the client to rotate the noon site to a
site other than the same one used for the AM dose.
Rationale Rotation is recommended for the dose used during the one specific time of the day.
4.Pain scale - answer A rating scale should be used by the client to evaluate current pain.
Rationale The PN should also determine when the last pain medication was administered and
the effectiveness of that last dose.
5.Nystatin administration to an infant - answer Nystatin is the most commonly used antifungal
agent for oral candidiasis
Rationale. When administering nystatin to an infant, the medication needs to be applied
topically by using a gloved finger to rub the suspension over the infected area.
6.How do you prevent tissue loss in a client with hyperemia? - answer The presence of reactive
hyperemia occurs from pressure causing dilation of superficial capillaries, and resolves without
tissue loss if the pressure if relieved.
,Rationale The UAP should be instructed in the need to turn the client every 2 hours.
7.PNs role during a fire alarm - answer The PN has the expertise to determine how to safely
transport and evacuate residents with varying medical problems during a fire alarm.
8.Intention of droplet precaution - answer Droplet precautions are intended to prevent
transmission of pathogens spread through close respiratory or mucous membrane contact with
respiratory secretions and include keeping the door to the client's room closed.
9.How should the PN respond to an RN who requested the PN to administer unlabeled
medication that the PN did not draw? - answer The PN can respond in an assertive manner by
refusing to administer the medication but offering to assist the RN with another task. An
aggressive response is refusing to administer the drug while not offering to help in another way.
10.Slight bleeding during stoma care - answer While providing stoma care with a client, it is a
normal occurrence to see a little blood on a washcloth due to the stoma being a very vascular
site.
11.Upright positioning - answer Sitting upright facilities diaphragm excursion and enhances
thoracic and abdominal expansion.
12.What outdoor game provides socialization for older clients? - answer An outdoor team
game of ring-toss provides opportunities for socialization, as well as exercise. The activity
addresses the older clients' psychosocial, interpersonal and physical needs.
13.Where is the center of gravity in an elderly client? - answer The center of gravity changes as
a person age from the hips to the UPPER TORSO.
14.Where can hospice care be provided? - answer Hospice care can be provided anywhere the
client lives, including in the home, and focuses on comfort, dignity and emotional support.
,15.A living will - answer Describes the clients desires regarding end-of life care, but does not
provide specifics regarding hospice care. Under hospice care, medications are used for symptom
control but also for routine medical management or treatment of medical problems. The client
should plan to make decisions, in collaboration with family members as desired by the client.
16.Presbycusis in older clients - answer Hearing loss.
>The PN should determine if the client's hearing problem is new or gradual chronic condition.
17.How should the PN approach a elderly client adjusting the a new nursing facility? - answer
Relocation often results in confusion among elderly clients during times of adjustment to new
surroundings. The PN should remind the client which day it is when she forgets or becomes
confused.
18.Airway clearance - answer Airway clearance is the highest priority nursing intervention, and
further resuscitative efforts are effective only when the airway is patent. Suctioning clears
passages and prevents mucus or feedings from obstructing the airway during resuscitation.
19.The fetal heart rate is 180, what action should the PN take? - answer Although a fetal heart
rate of 180 (Normal Range is 110-160) may be an acceleration secondary to fetal movement,
this finding should be reported immediately to the RN it indicates tachycardia which requires
further assessment.
20.A pregnant client reports contractions that are 7-15 minutes apart, lasting 20-30 seconds
with mild intensity. What should the PN instruct her to do? - answer The contractions of true
labor generally begin in the back and radiate to the front of the abdomen, and become
increasingly regular, stronger and longer-lasting. The client is not yet in active labor and would
probably be more comfortable at home until she is in labor.
21.Which food options would you offer a vegetarian client in need of foods high in iron? -
answer The client should be encouraged to increase her intake of green leafy vegetables such
as Spinach, Broccoli, Kale and other vegetarian sources of iron, such as oatmeal, lentils and
black beans.
, 22.A postpartum client is shaking and states that she is cold. Which action should the PN take? -
answer Maternal Vasomotor instability after delivery is usually manifested by uncomfortable
shaking and reports of being cold. The PN should apply warmed blankets to provide external
warmth.
23.What interventions should be used for a newborn with signs of hypoglycemia? - answer For
a newborn who is exhibiting signs of hypoglycemia (Normal Glucose 70-110 mg/Dl or less than
6.1mmol/l or SI units) which is common in infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes,
early and prompt feeding should begin to alleviate hypoglycemia.
24.A postpartum clients fundus is elevated above the umbilicus. What action should the PN
take? - answer A fundus that is dextroverted (Up to the right) and elevated above the
umbilicus is indicative of bladder distension and urine retention. The PN should ensure that the
client empties her bladder before the post-partum exam.
25.What should the PN monitor in a pregnant client who received an epidural? - answer
Epidural anesthesia can cause peripheral vasodilation. Maternal hypotension is the most serious
adverse effect of epidural anesthesia during labor, which can reduce both maternal and fetal
oxygenation.
26.Minimizing damage to the skin - answer Keeping fingernails short with rough edges filed
help minimize excoriation from scratching the pruritic (Itch area).
27.An immunocompromised client is displaying multiple symptoms suggesting an infection is
occurring. What action should the PN take? - answer Since the client has other symptoms of
an infection: Cough and yellow tinged sputum. The priority action is to notify the charge nurse
of the findings so that the health care provider can be contacted and medical treatment can be
initiated.
28.A client is found unresponsive. What should the PN do? - answer When a client is found
unresponsive, the PN should first obtain emergency help, a task that can be assigned to the
UAP.
ANSWERS (VERIFIED REVISED FULL EXAM) GRADED A+
1.A fully oriented person is - answer Oriented to person, place, time, & situation (oriented x4).
Rationale A person who is only oriented to one of these elements is at risk for injury. The PN
should provide instructions to the UAP about additional support to the client.
2.Orthostatic falls - answer The PN should obtain standing blood pressure measurements to
evaluate the orthostatic falls in the blood pressure that can cause lightheaded or faint feeling
when rising from a lying position.
2.Atopic dermatitis (Eczema) - answer Heat and humidity can cause perspiration, which
intensifies itching with atopic dermatitis (Eczema), so a client should be encouraged to shower,
using non perfume scented soaps.
3.Rotating injection sites - answer The PN should reteach the client to rotate the noon site to a
site other than the same one used for the AM dose.
Rationale Rotation is recommended for the dose used during the one specific time of the day.
4.Pain scale - answer A rating scale should be used by the client to evaluate current pain.
Rationale The PN should also determine when the last pain medication was administered and
the effectiveness of that last dose.
5.Nystatin administration to an infant - answer Nystatin is the most commonly used antifungal
agent for oral candidiasis
Rationale. When administering nystatin to an infant, the medication needs to be applied
topically by using a gloved finger to rub the suspension over the infected area.
6.How do you prevent tissue loss in a client with hyperemia? - answer The presence of reactive
hyperemia occurs from pressure causing dilation of superficial capillaries, and resolves without
tissue loss if the pressure if relieved.
,Rationale The UAP should be instructed in the need to turn the client every 2 hours.
7.PNs role during a fire alarm - answer The PN has the expertise to determine how to safely
transport and evacuate residents with varying medical problems during a fire alarm.
8.Intention of droplet precaution - answer Droplet precautions are intended to prevent
transmission of pathogens spread through close respiratory or mucous membrane contact with
respiratory secretions and include keeping the door to the client's room closed.
9.How should the PN respond to an RN who requested the PN to administer unlabeled
medication that the PN did not draw? - answer The PN can respond in an assertive manner by
refusing to administer the medication but offering to assist the RN with another task. An
aggressive response is refusing to administer the drug while not offering to help in another way.
10.Slight bleeding during stoma care - answer While providing stoma care with a client, it is a
normal occurrence to see a little blood on a washcloth due to the stoma being a very vascular
site.
11.Upright positioning - answer Sitting upright facilities diaphragm excursion and enhances
thoracic and abdominal expansion.
12.What outdoor game provides socialization for older clients? - answer An outdoor team
game of ring-toss provides opportunities for socialization, as well as exercise. The activity
addresses the older clients' psychosocial, interpersonal and physical needs.
13.Where is the center of gravity in an elderly client? - answer The center of gravity changes as
a person age from the hips to the UPPER TORSO.
14.Where can hospice care be provided? - answer Hospice care can be provided anywhere the
client lives, including in the home, and focuses on comfort, dignity and emotional support.
,15.A living will - answer Describes the clients desires regarding end-of life care, but does not
provide specifics regarding hospice care. Under hospice care, medications are used for symptom
control but also for routine medical management or treatment of medical problems. The client
should plan to make decisions, in collaboration with family members as desired by the client.
16.Presbycusis in older clients - answer Hearing loss.
>The PN should determine if the client's hearing problem is new or gradual chronic condition.
17.How should the PN approach a elderly client adjusting the a new nursing facility? - answer
Relocation often results in confusion among elderly clients during times of adjustment to new
surroundings. The PN should remind the client which day it is when she forgets or becomes
confused.
18.Airway clearance - answer Airway clearance is the highest priority nursing intervention, and
further resuscitative efforts are effective only when the airway is patent. Suctioning clears
passages and prevents mucus or feedings from obstructing the airway during resuscitation.
19.The fetal heart rate is 180, what action should the PN take? - answer Although a fetal heart
rate of 180 (Normal Range is 110-160) may be an acceleration secondary to fetal movement,
this finding should be reported immediately to the RN it indicates tachycardia which requires
further assessment.
20.A pregnant client reports contractions that are 7-15 minutes apart, lasting 20-30 seconds
with mild intensity. What should the PN instruct her to do? - answer The contractions of true
labor generally begin in the back and radiate to the front of the abdomen, and become
increasingly regular, stronger and longer-lasting. The client is not yet in active labor and would
probably be more comfortable at home until she is in labor.
21.Which food options would you offer a vegetarian client in need of foods high in iron? -
answer The client should be encouraged to increase her intake of green leafy vegetables such
as Spinach, Broccoli, Kale and other vegetarian sources of iron, such as oatmeal, lentils and
black beans.
, 22.A postpartum client is shaking and states that she is cold. Which action should the PN take? -
answer Maternal Vasomotor instability after delivery is usually manifested by uncomfortable
shaking and reports of being cold. The PN should apply warmed blankets to provide external
warmth.
23.What interventions should be used for a newborn with signs of hypoglycemia? - answer For
a newborn who is exhibiting signs of hypoglycemia (Normal Glucose 70-110 mg/Dl or less than
6.1mmol/l or SI units) which is common in infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes,
early and prompt feeding should begin to alleviate hypoglycemia.
24.A postpartum clients fundus is elevated above the umbilicus. What action should the PN
take? - answer A fundus that is dextroverted (Up to the right) and elevated above the
umbilicus is indicative of bladder distension and urine retention. The PN should ensure that the
client empties her bladder before the post-partum exam.
25.What should the PN monitor in a pregnant client who received an epidural? - answer
Epidural anesthesia can cause peripheral vasodilation. Maternal hypotension is the most serious
adverse effect of epidural anesthesia during labor, which can reduce both maternal and fetal
oxygenation.
26.Minimizing damage to the skin - answer Keeping fingernails short with rough edges filed
help minimize excoriation from scratching the pruritic (Itch area).
27.An immunocompromised client is displaying multiple symptoms suggesting an infection is
occurring. What action should the PN take? - answer Since the client has other symptoms of
an infection: Cough and yellow tinged sputum. The priority action is to notify the charge nurse
of the findings so that the health care provider can be contacted and medical treatment can be
initiated.
28.A client is found unresponsive. What should the PN do? - answer When a client is found
unresponsive, the PN should first obtain emergency help, a task that can be assigned to the
UAP.
