WGU D027 Study Guide Advanced Pathopharmacological
Foundations Questions And Verified Answers
Hypothyroidism in newborns -Answer:-require replacement within a few
days, lasts for 3 years, prevents mental development changes and growth
patters, dwarfish
How do you take Levothyroxine (t4) -Answer:-on an empty stomach for
increased absorption
Hashimoto disease presentation -Answer:-weight gain and fatigue;
autoimmune disease
Hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) presentation -Answer:-elevations in T4 and
T3, tachyarrhythmias, anxiety, insomnia, rapid speech, hot
Graves Disease -Answer:-women 20-40 most susceptible, remove or destroy
thyroid tissue or suppress with drugs (methimazole or propylthiouracil), treat
with Iodine - I31, beta blockers also used to suppress release of thyroid
hormones
Plummer disease (toxic nodular goiter) -Answer:-result of thyroid adenoma
(tumor), same as Graves disease, but absence of exophthalmos (bulging eyes)
Thyroid storm -Answer:-caused by major surgery or severe illness such as
sepsis, 105 F, severe tachycardia, restlessness, tremor, heart failure, coma.
Treat with Propylthiouracil (PTU), symptom management
,Histamine - 1 antihistamines -Answer:-cause vasodilation,
bronchoconstriction, help with memory and sleep. Relieve itching, pain,
secretion, and mucus (allergies). Side effects: sedative, dry mouth, urinary
hesitancy,, constipation. Second generation (-ine) are non-sedating
Histamine 2 Receptor Antagonists -Answer:-secretion of gastric acid; treat
gastric and duodenal ulcers
Stage I HTN -Answer:-130-139/80-89
Stage 2 HTN -Answer:->140/90
Med used after heart attack -Answer:-Beta blocker - use for 6 months
Meds for ischemic vascular disease -Answer:-aspirin or antithrombotic
Cervical cancer screening -Answer:-21 - 64 cytology every 3 years, 30-64
cytology and HPV every 5 years
Pneumonia CURB -Answer:-Confusion, Urea >7, RR >30, BP <90 or <60, Age
>65
0-1 = home treatment, 2 = short stay hospital, 3+ = severe pneumonia (ICU)
End of Life care -Answer:-optimize patient's comfort and function while
avoiding unnecessary side effects
First line of depression treatment -Answer:-SSRIs - low side effects with good
effectiveness
, Stress -Answer:-exacerbates many serious health issues, stress cannot cause
cancer
broken heart syndrome -Answer:-mimics MI, no coronary obstruction
SDOH -Answer:-social determinants of health
Types of SDOHs -Answer:-access to healthy foods, health literacy, housing
stability, socioeconomic status, rural vs. urban healthcare access
Amoxicillin -Answer:-first line of treatment for uncomplicated otitis media in
pediatric patient without comorbidities
POTS -Answer:-Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome
Treatment of POTS -Answer:-stand slowly, lay back down if needed, add extra
salt increase fluids, MEDS: Florinef
Symptoms/Diagnosing POTS -Answer:-Tilt Test - HR increases by 30 bpm
when standing up or over 120 in first 10 minutes, symptoms are related to
reduced blood volume when standing up, can cause lightheadedness, fainting
Florinef -Answer:-Used to treat conditions which glucocorticoids are low.
These conditions include Addison's disease, adrenocortical insufficiency. *Also
treats orthostatic hypotension; Side effects: nausea, headache, sleep problems,
mood changes
Foundations Questions And Verified Answers
Hypothyroidism in newborns -Answer:-require replacement within a few
days, lasts for 3 years, prevents mental development changes and growth
patters, dwarfish
How do you take Levothyroxine (t4) -Answer:-on an empty stomach for
increased absorption
Hashimoto disease presentation -Answer:-weight gain and fatigue;
autoimmune disease
Hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) presentation -Answer:-elevations in T4 and
T3, tachyarrhythmias, anxiety, insomnia, rapid speech, hot
Graves Disease -Answer:-women 20-40 most susceptible, remove or destroy
thyroid tissue or suppress with drugs (methimazole or propylthiouracil), treat
with Iodine - I31, beta blockers also used to suppress release of thyroid
hormones
Plummer disease (toxic nodular goiter) -Answer:-result of thyroid adenoma
(tumor), same as Graves disease, but absence of exophthalmos (bulging eyes)
Thyroid storm -Answer:-caused by major surgery or severe illness such as
sepsis, 105 F, severe tachycardia, restlessness, tremor, heart failure, coma.
Treat with Propylthiouracil (PTU), symptom management
,Histamine - 1 antihistamines -Answer:-cause vasodilation,
bronchoconstriction, help with memory and sleep. Relieve itching, pain,
secretion, and mucus (allergies). Side effects: sedative, dry mouth, urinary
hesitancy,, constipation. Second generation (-ine) are non-sedating
Histamine 2 Receptor Antagonists -Answer:-secretion of gastric acid; treat
gastric and duodenal ulcers
Stage I HTN -Answer:-130-139/80-89
Stage 2 HTN -Answer:->140/90
Med used after heart attack -Answer:-Beta blocker - use for 6 months
Meds for ischemic vascular disease -Answer:-aspirin or antithrombotic
Cervical cancer screening -Answer:-21 - 64 cytology every 3 years, 30-64
cytology and HPV every 5 years
Pneumonia CURB -Answer:-Confusion, Urea >7, RR >30, BP <90 or <60, Age
>65
0-1 = home treatment, 2 = short stay hospital, 3+ = severe pneumonia (ICU)
End of Life care -Answer:-optimize patient's comfort and function while
avoiding unnecessary side effects
First line of depression treatment -Answer:-SSRIs - low side effects with good
effectiveness
, Stress -Answer:-exacerbates many serious health issues, stress cannot cause
cancer
broken heart syndrome -Answer:-mimics MI, no coronary obstruction
SDOH -Answer:-social determinants of health
Types of SDOHs -Answer:-access to healthy foods, health literacy, housing
stability, socioeconomic status, rural vs. urban healthcare access
Amoxicillin -Answer:-first line of treatment for uncomplicated otitis media in
pediatric patient without comorbidities
POTS -Answer:-Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome
Treatment of POTS -Answer:-stand slowly, lay back down if needed, add extra
salt increase fluids, MEDS: Florinef
Symptoms/Diagnosing POTS -Answer:-Tilt Test - HR increases by 30 bpm
when standing up or over 120 in first 10 minutes, symptoms are related to
reduced blood volume when standing up, can cause lightheadedness, fainting
Florinef -Answer:-Used to treat conditions which glucocorticoids are low.
These conditions include Addison's disease, adrenocortical insufficiency. *Also
treats orthostatic hypotension; Side effects: nausea, headache, sleep problems,
mood changes
