N3661 Final Review (updated) questions
well answered to pass
FVD S&S - correct answer ✔✔- Decreased BP
- tachy
- acute weight loss
poor skin turgor
elevated temp
thready pulse
FVD treatment - correct answer ✔✔- IV lactated ringer or NaCl
- once balance established- hypotonic solution (0.45% naCl) to provide electrolytes and water
FVO risk factors - correct answer ✔✔- HF
- renal failure
- cirrhosis of liver
- overdoes of na fluids
- prolonged use of corticosteriods
FVO S&S - correct answer ✔✔- edema
- distended neck veins
- crackles in lung
- tachy
- bounding pulse
- increased BP
,- increased weight
- SOB
FVO labs - correct answer ✔✔- HCT and HGB decreased
- decreased serum osmolality
- decreased BUN
FVO treatment - correct answer ✔✔- monitor I&O
- daily weight
- Na restricted diet
- fluid restrictions
- diuretics
- monitor N a and K levels
Soduim lvls - correct answer ✔✔135-145
Hyponatremia - correct answer ✔✔- mental status
- SEIZURE precautions , coma
- gradual replacement- can cause cerebral edema
- headache, confusion, dizzy, decreased deep tendon reflexes
- hyperactive bowel
- Hx HF
Hyponatremia treatment - correct answer ✔✔- water restriction
- Na replacement oral if can
- IV LR or NS
, - If SIADH is cause- hypertonic fluids, restrict fluids, diuretics
Hypernatremia - correct answer ✔✔- restless
- muscle twitching, weak muscles, decreased deep tendon reflexes
- thirst
- N&V
- serum osmolality >300
- elevated temp
- dry, swollen tongue
- sticky ucosa
Hypernatremia treatment - correct answer ✔✔- hypotonic electrolyte solution
- D5W
- assess OTC sources of sodium
- fluids
Potassium lvls - correct answer ✔✔3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Hypokalemia S&S - correct answer ✔✔- dysrhythmias
- glucose intolerance
- on diuretics
- diarrhea
- lethargy
- flattened T waves; ST depression; prolonged PR interval
- decreased BP, weak pulse, ortho hypo
well answered to pass
FVD S&S - correct answer ✔✔- Decreased BP
- tachy
- acute weight loss
poor skin turgor
elevated temp
thready pulse
FVD treatment - correct answer ✔✔- IV lactated ringer or NaCl
- once balance established- hypotonic solution (0.45% naCl) to provide electrolytes and water
FVO risk factors - correct answer ✔✔- HF
- renal failure
- cirrhosis of liver
- overdoes of na fluids
- prolonged use of corticosteriods
FVO S&S - correct answer ✔✔- edema
- distended neck veins
- crackles in lung
- tachy
- bounding pulse
- increased BP
,- increased weight
- SOB
FVO labs - correct answer ✔✔- HCT and HGB decreased
- decreased serum osmolality
- decreased BUN
FVO treatment - correct answer ✔✔- monitor I&O
- daily weight
- Na restricted diet
- fluid restrictions
- diuretics
- monitor N a and K levels
Soduim lvls - correct answer ✔✔135-145
Hyponatremia - correct answer ✔✔- mental status
- SEIZURE precautions , coma
- gradual replacement- can cause cerebral edema
- headache, confusion, dizzy, decreased deep tendon reflexes
- hyperactive bowel
- Hx HF
Hyponatremia treatment - correct answer ✔✔- water restriction
- Na replacement oral if can
- IV LR or NS
, - If SIADH is cause- hypertonic fluids, restrict fluids, diuretics
Hypernatremia - correct answer ✔✔- restless
- muscle twitching, weak muscles, decreased deep tendon reflexes
- thirst
- N&V
- serum osmolality >300
- elevated temp
- dry, swollen tongue
- sticky ucosa
Hypernatremia treatment - correct answer ✔✔- hypotonic electrolyte solution
- D5W
- assess OTC sources of sodium
- fluids
Potassium lvls - correct answer ✔✔3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Hypokalemia S&S - correct answer ✔✔- dysrhythmias
- glucose intolerance
- on diuretics
- diarrhea
- lethargy
- flattened T waves; ST depression; prolonged PR interval
- decreased BP, weak pulse, ortho hypo
