1. What is another name for Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn (HDFN)?
A) Erythroblastosis fetalis
B) Hemolytic anemia
C) Neonatal anemia
D) Autoimmune hemolysis
2. What causes HDFN?
○ A) Destruction of maternal RBCs by fetal antibodies
○ B) Destruction of fetal RBCs by maternal antibodies
○ C) Fetal immune system attacking maternal RBCs
○ D) Fetal RBCs failing to develop properly
3. Which immunoglobulin can cross the placenta and cause HDFN?
○ A) IgA
○ B) IgE
○ C) IgM
○ D) IgG
4. What is required for Rh antibody formation?
○ A) First pregnancy
○ B) Sensitization
○ C) Mother and baby having the same Rh type
○ D) IgM presence
5. When will Rh HDFN typically occur?
○ A) During the first pregnancy
○ B) Only if the mother is Rh (+)
○ C) During secondary pregnancy
○ D) Only if the baby is Rh (-)
6. What is a common cause of maternal sensitization?
○ A) First pregnancy
○ B) Previous pregnancy or transfusion
○ C) Fetal iron deficiency
○ D) Placental insufficiency
7. What type of antibodies does a mother with blood type O have?
○ A) Anti-A, anti-B, and anti-AB
○ B) Only anti-A
○ C) Only anti-B
○ D) No antibodies
8. Which Rh antigen is most commonly involved in Rh HDFN?
○ A) Anti-C
○ B) Anti-E
○ C) Anti-D
○ D) Anti-K
9. In ABO HDFN, which maternal blood type is most affected?
○ A) Type A
○ B) Type B
, ○ C) Type AB
○ D) Type O
10. Aside from Rh and ABO blood group systems, which other blood group systems can
cause HDFN?
● A) Kell
● B) Lewis
● C) P
● D) H
11. What is the primary reason Rh incompatibility leads to HDFN?
● A) Maternal antibodies destroy fetal RBCs
● B) Fetal immune system attacks its own RBCs
● C) The placenta is not functioning properly
● D) Fetal RBCs are not developed normally
12. What is fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH)?
● A) Fetal immune response to maternal RBCs
● B) Mixing of maternal and fetal blood
● C) Fetal destruction of its own RBCs
● D) Maternal production of new RBCs
13. When is the risk of FMH increased?
● A) Cesarean section
● B) Normal spontaneous vaginal delivery
● C) Intrauterine growth restriction
● D) Preterm birth
14. Why does maternal sensitization not cause HDFN in the first pregnancy?
● A) IgM antibodies are produced first
● B) The baby neutralizes maternal antibodies
● C) The placenta blocks all antibodies
● D) The fetal immune system compensates
15. What happens in a second pregnancy if the mother is sensitized?
● A) Maternal IgG crosses the placenta and attacks fetal RBCs
● B) The baby produces its own antibodies
● C) The immune system of the mother is suppressed
● D) No reaction occurs
16. How can Rh HDFN be prevented?
● A) RhoGAM administration
● B) Transfusions to the fetus
● C) Inducing labor early
● D) Giving steroids to the mother
17. What is the primary effect of maternal antibodies in HDFN?
● A) Hemolysis
● B) Neutropenia
● C) Hypercoagulation
● D) Leukopenia
18. Which antibody is primarily responsible for Rh HDFN?
A) Erythroblastosis fetalis
B) Hemolytic anemia
C) Neonatal anemia
D) Autoimmune hemolysis
2. What causes HDFN?
○ A) Destruction of maternal RBCs by fetal antibodies
○ B) Destruction of fetal RBCs by maternal antibodies
○ C) Fetal immune system attacking maternal RBCs
○ D) Fetal RBCs failing to develop properly
3. Which immunoglobulin can cross the placenta and cause HDFN?
○ A) IgA
○ B) IgE
○ C) IgM
○ D) IgG
4. What is required for Rh antibody formation?
○ A) First pregnancy
○ B) Sensitization
○ C) Mother and baby having the same Rh type
○ D) IgM presence
5. When will Rh HDFN typically occur?
○ A) During the first pregnancy
○ B) Only if the mother is Rh (+)
○ C) During secondary pregnancy
○ D) Only if the baby is Rh (-)
6. What is a common cause of maternal sensitization?
○ A) First pregnancy
○ B) Previous pregnancy or transfusion
○ C) Fetal iron deficiency
○ D) Placental insufficiency
7. What type of antibodies does a mother with blood type O have?
○ A) Anti-A, anti-B, and anti-AB
○ B) Only anti-A
○ C) Only anti-B
○ D) No antibodies
8. Which Rh antigen is most commonly involved in Rh HDFN?
○ A) Anti-C
○ B) Anti-E
○ C) Anti-D
○ D) Anti-K
9. In ABO HDFN, which maternal blood type is most affected?
○ A) Type A
○ B) Type B
, ○ C) Type AB
○ D) Type O
10. Aside from Rh and ABO blood group systems, which other blood group systems can
cause HDFN?
● A) Kell
● B) Lewis
● C) P
● D) H
11. What is the primary reason Rh incompatibility leads to HDFN?
● A) Maternal antibodies destroy fetal RBCs
● B) Fetal immune system attacks its own RBCs
● C) The placenta is not functioning properly
● D) Fetal RBCs are not developed normally
12. What is fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH)?
● A) Fetal immune response to maternal RBCs
● B) Mixing of maternal and fetal blood
● C) Fetal destruction of its own RBCs
● D) Maternal production of new RBCs
13. When is the risk of FMH increased?
● A) Cesarean section
● B) Normal spontaneous vaginal delivery
● C) Intrauterine growth restriction
● D) Preterm birth
14. Why does maternal sensitization not cause HDFN in the first pregnancy?
● A) IgM antibodies are produced first
● B) The baby neutralizes maternal antibodies
● C) The placenta blocks all antibodies
● D) The fetal immune system compensates
15. What happens in a second pregnancy if the mother is sensitized?
● A) Maternal IgG crosses the placenta and attacks fetal RBCs
● B) The baby produces its own antibodies
● C) The immune system of the mother is suppressed
● D) No reaction occurs
16. How can Rh HDFN be prevented?
● A) RhoGAM administration
● B) Transfusions to the fetus
● C) Inducing labor early
● D) Giving steroids to the mother
17. What is the primary effect of maternal antibodies in HDFN?
● A) Hemolysis
● B) Neutropenia
● C) Hypercoagulation
● D) Leukopenia
18. Which antibody is primarily responsible for Rh HDFN?
