TEST BANK Anatomy of Orofacial Structures 8/E by Richard Brand
n n n n n n n n n
Chapter n01:nOralnCavity
Brand/Isselhard: nAnatomy nofnOrofacialnStructures,n8thnEdition
MULTIPLEnCHOICE
1. A ndiasteman isn an spacen betweenntwonteethn inn then samen arch.nWhenn thisn occursn betweenn then
maxillaryn centraln incisors,n it n isn oftenn then result n of n an pronounced n labialn frenum.
a. Bothn statementsn aren true.
b. Then first n statement n isn true;n then second n statement n isn false.
c. Then first n statement n isn false;n then second n statement n isn true.
d. Bothn statementsn aren false.
ANS:n A
A nspace,n orn lackn of n contact narea,n betweenn anyntwonteethn innthensamen archn isn called nandiastema.n W
henn an diasteman occursn betweenn then maxillaryn centraln incisors,n it n isn oftenn then result n of n an pronoun
ced n labialn frenumn extendingn tonthencrest n ofn then alveolarn ridgen and n possiblyn overn then ridge.n Thisn
band n of n firmn connectiven tissuen causesn theneruptingn incisorsn ton ben pushednasidenresultingn inn an dia
stema,n orn space.n Correctionn of nan diastemanusuallyn involvesn surgicaln removal,n orn cutting,n of n thenfr
enaln tissuen betweenn teeth.
REF:n n p.n 3
OBJ:n To n describe n then boundariesn and n sub-
boundariesn ofnthenoralncavity nand nthenstructuresninneachnarean NAT:n CDA:nGCnI.A.6.nIdentifyn basicnoraln
anatomy nandnphysiology,n includingn butn notn limited n to:n oraln cavity.n TOP:BLOOM:n Remembering
2. Torusn palatinusn isn seenn onn the
a. soft n palate
b. hard n palate
c. alveolarn ridge
d. oraln pharynx
ANS:n B
Torusn palatinusn isn excessn bonen growthn and n occursn inn thenmidlinen of nthenhard npalate.nItn mayngrow n
ton varyingn sizesn and n isn generallyn onlyn an problemn whenn then constructionn ofn anmaxillaryn denturen isn
necessary.n Inn health,n suchn bonynprotuberances,n ornexcessn bonengrowths,ndonnotnoccurn onnthen soft n
palate,n alveolarn ridge,n orn oraln pharynx.
REF:n n p.n 5
OBJ:n To n definenthentermsnvestibule,noralncavitynproper,nmucobuccalnfold,nfrenum,nalveolarnmucosa,n ging
iva,n exostoses,n torusn palatinus,n and n torusn mandibularis
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.2.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:n
bones.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
3. Contractionn of n whichn musclen raisesn then tonguen upward?
a. Mylohyoid
b. Palatopharyngeal
c. Palatoglossal
d. Levatorn glossal
ANS:n A
, Contractionn of n thenmylohyoid nmusclen raisesn then tongue.nThen palatopharyngealn musclen and nthen pa
latoglossaln musclen formn then posterolateraln bordersn of n then oraln cavity.n Theren isn not nan musclen byn th
en namen of n levatorn glossal.
REF:n n p.n 7
OBJ:n To n definen thenlandmarksninnthenfloornofnthenmouthnandnthenhard nand nsoftnpalatenandnthenstructuresn t
hatn formn them
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.4.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:n
muscles. TOP:n BLOOM:n Remembering
4. Then oraln vestibulen isn partiallyn bordered n byn thenlipsn andncheeks.nThen oraln cavityn propern extendsn p
osteriorlyn ton then soft n palate.
a. Bothn statementsn aren true.
b. Then first n statement n isn true;n then second n statement n isn false.
c. Then first n statement n isn false;n then second n statement n isn true.
d. Bothn statementsn aren false.
ANS:n B
Then oraln vestibulen isn then spacen orn potentialn spacen that n existsnbetweennthen lipsn orn cheeksn and n teet
h.n Inn ann edentulousnperson,n thenvestibulen would nextend nbetweennthenlipsn orn cheeksnandn then alveo
larn ridges.n Then oraln cavityn propern isn surrounded n byn teethn orn alveolarn ridgesn andnextendsn alln thenw
ayn backn ton then palatinen tonsils.n Thisn includesn then regionn fromn then floorn ofn then mouthnupwardnton t
hen hard n and n soft n palates.
REF:n n p.n 2
OBJ:n To n describe n then boundariesn and n sub-
boundariesn ofnthenoralncavity nand nthenstructuresninneachnarean NAT:n CDA:nGCnI.A.6.nIdentifyn basicnoraln
anatomy nandnphysiology,n includingn butn notn limited n to:n oraln cavity.n TOP:BLOOM:n Remembering
5. Eachn of n then followingn isn truen of n then uvulan EXCEPTn one.n Whichn onen isn then EXCEPTION?
a. It n isn located n at n then most n posteriorn portionn of n then hard n palate.
b. It n isn located n at n then midline.
c. It n isn an downwardlyn projectingn muscle.
d. It n isn necessaryn forn swallowing.
ANS:n D
Then uvulan isn an downwardlyn projectingn muscularn tissuen locatednat nthen midlinen of n then most n posteri
orn portionn of n then hard n palate.n It n isn NOTn necessaryn forn swallowing.
REF:n n p.n 6
OBJ:n To n definen thenlandmarksninnthenfloornofnthenmouthnandnthenhard nand nsoftnpalatenandnthenstructuresn t
hatn formn them
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.6.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:noraln
cavity.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
6. Then circumvallaten papillaen aren located n onn then hard npalate,n buccaln mucosa,n and n floorn of n then
mouth.n Then papillaen found n onn thentonguen aren then filiform,n fungiform,n vallate,n foliate,n and n i
ncisive.
a. Bothn statementsn aren true.
b. Then first n statement n isn true;n then second n statement n isn false.
c. Then first n statement n isn false;n then second n statement n isn true.
d. Bothn statementsn aren false.
, ANS:n D
Alln papillaen listed n inn bothn statementsn aren locatedn onnthentonguen withn then exceptionn ofn then incisive
n papilla,n whichn isn located n onn thenhardn palate.nNoten that nthen incisiven papillan isn an singularn structure,n
thusn then different nspelling.nTheren aren non papillaen located nonneithern then buccaln mucosan ornthenfloorn
of n then mouth.
REF:n n p.n 7
OBJ:n To n definen thenlandmarksninnthenfloornofnthenmouthnandnthenhard nand nsoftnpalatenandnthenstructuresn t
hatn formn them
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.6.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:noraln
cavity.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
7. Eachn of n thenfollowingn structuresn cannreadilyn ben viewed n whenn examiningn then oraln cavityn
EXCEPTn one.n Whichn onen isn then EXCEPTION?
a. Fovean palatinae
b. Tonsillarn pillars
c. Laryngealn pharynx
d. Sublingualn fold
ANS:n C
Then laryngealn pharynxn isn located n below n thenoraln pharynxn andncannotn benseennwhilen examiningnth
en oraln cavity.n Then fovean palatinae,n then tonsillarn pillars,n and n then sublingualn fold n cann ben seenn whe
nn examiningn then oraln cavity.n Fovean palatinaen aren smalln depressionsn inn mucosan onn eithern siden ofnt
hen posteriorn nasaln spinen indicatingn then junctionn of n then hard n and n soft n palate.n Tonsillarn pillarsn aren
foldsn of n tissuen that npartiallyn surround n thentonsils.n Then sublingualn fold n extendsn backwardn onn eith
ern siden of n then floorn of n then mouthn and n isn situated n just n superiorn ton then submandibularn gland.
REF:n n p.n 2 n |n pp.n 6-7
OBJ:n To n describe n then boundariesn and n sub-
boundariesn ofnthenoralncavity nand nthenstructuresninneachnarean NAT:n CDA:nGCnI.A.6.nIdentifyn basicnoraln
anatomy nandnphysiology,n includingn butn notn limited n to:n oraln cavity.n TOP:BLOOM:n Remembering
8. Eachn of n thenfollowingn structuresn isn locatednwithinn then hardnpalatenEXCEPTnone.n Whichn onen isn t
hen EXCEPTION?
a. Incisiven papilla
b. Rugae
c. Greatern palatinen foramina
d. Then anteriorn and n posteriorn pillars
ANS:n D
Then anteriorn and n posteriorn pillarsn aren located n posteriorn tonthensoft npalate.nThen posteriorn pillarn isn a
lson called n then palatopharyngealn archn orn fold.n Then anteriorn pillarn isn alson called n then palatoglossaln a
rchn orn fold.n Then tonsilsn lien betweenn then anteriorn and n posteriorn pillars.
Then incisiven papillan and n rugaen aren located n onn then anteriorn portionn ofn thenhard npalate.n Then greater
n palatinen foraminan aren located n innthenposteriorn portionsn ofnthenhardnpalaten lingualn tonthen second n a
nd n third n maxillaryn molars.
REF:n n pp.n 5-6
OBJ:n To n definen thenlandmarksninnthenfloornofnthenmouthnandnthenhard nand nsoftnpalatenandnthenstructuresn t
hatn formn them
, NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.6.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:noraln
cavity.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
9. Then smalln bonyn growthsn that n commonlyn occurn onnthen buccalncorticaln platen ofnthen maxillaen and n t
hen mandiblen aren called
a. torusn palatinus
b. mandibularn tori
c. exostoses
d. maxillaryn tuberosity
ANS:n C
Exostoses,n smalln bonyn growthsn that noccurnonnthen buccaln corticaln platen onn then mandiblen and n then
maxillae,n aren seenn inn an largen portionn of n then population.n Theyn aren normallyn inconsequentialn unle
ssn theyn becomen tendern orn andenturen isn needed.nExostosesn occurn moren frequentlyn onn then mandibl
en thann onn then maxillae.
Torusn palatinusn aren excessn bonyn growthsn that n commonlyn occurn inn then midlinen ofn then palate.n Ma
ndibularn torin aren bonyn swellingsn that n frequentlyn occurn onnthen lingualn surfacen of nthen mandiblenatnt
hen caninen area.n Then maxillaryn tuberosityn isn an rounded nbonynprotrusionn innthenarean of n then third n m
olar.
REF:n n p.n 4
OBJ:n To n definenthentermsnvestibule,noralncavitynproper,nmucobuccalnfold,nfrenum,nalveolarnmucosa,n ging
iva,n exostoses,n torusn palatinus,n and n torusn mandibularis
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.2.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:n
bones.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
10. Whichn structuren isn then MOSTn vascularn inn appearance?
a. Mucogingivalnjunction
b. Alveolarn mucosa
c. Labialn frenum
d. Gingiva
ANS:n B
Then alveolarn mucosa,n an thinn layern of n looselyn attached n andn movablen tissue,n coversn an highlyn vascul
arn area.n Then presencen of n blood n vesselsn immediatelyn undern thisn relativelyn thinn mucosan isn responsi
blen forn then generaln reddishn color.n Byncontrast,nthenmucogingivaln junctionn that ndividesn then attache
d n gingivan fromn then alveolarn mucosan appearsn moren pinkn inn color.n Then gingivan and n labialn frenumn a
lson appearn pinkn inn color.
REF:n n p.n 2
OBJ:n To n definenthentermsnvestibule,noralncavitynproper,nmucobuccalnfold,nfrenum,nalveolarnmucosa,n ging
iva,n exostoses,n torusn palatinus,n and n torusn mandibularis
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.6.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:noraln
cavity.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
11. Althoughn an patient n presentingn withnpainfuln areasn throughout nthenoraln cavityn orn anchild npresentin
gn withn gingivaln bleedingn inn then presencen of nexcellent n oraln hygienen should nben monitored n careful
ly,n referraln ton an dentalnspecialist n orn physiciann isn not nindicated.nAnpatient nwithn anred nandnpainfulnto
nguen doesn warrant n suchn an referraln asn doesn an patient n withn moderaten plaquen onn alln teeth.
a. Bothn statementsn aren true.
n n n n n n n n n
Chapter n01:nOralnCavity
Brand/Isselhard: nAnatomy nofnOrofacialnStructures,n8thnEdition
MULTIPLEnCHOICE
1. A ndiasteman isn an spacen betweenntwonteethn inn then samen arch.nWhenn thisn occursn betweenn then
maxillaryn centraln incisors,n it n isn oftenn then result n of n an pronounced n labialn frenum.
a. Bothn statementsn aren true.
b. Then first n statement n isn true;n then second n statement n isn false.
c. Then first n statement n isn false;n then second n statement n isn true.
d. Bothn statementsn aren false.
ANS:n A
A nspace,n orn lackn of n contact narea,n betweenn anyntwonteethn innthensamen archn isn called nandiastema.n W
henn an diasteman occursn betweenn then maxillaryn centraln incisors,n it n isn oftenn then result n of n an pronoun
ced n labialn frenumn extendingn tonthencrest n ofn then alveolarn ridgen and n possiblyn overn then ridge.n Thisn
band n of n firmn connectiven tissuen causesn theneruptingn incisorsn ton ben pushednasidenresultingn inn an dia
stema,n orn space.n Correctionn of nan diastemanusuallyn involvesn surgicaln removal,n orn cutting,n of n thenfr
enaln tissuen betweenn teeth.
REF:n n p.n 3
OBJ:n To n describe n then boundariesn and n sub-
boundariesn ofnthenoralncavity nand nthenstructuresninneachnarean NAT:n CDA:nGCnI.A.6.nIdentifyn basicnoraln
anatomy nandnphysiology,n includingn butn notn limited n to:n oraln cavity.n TOP:BLOOM:n Remembering
2. Torusn palatinusn isn seenn onn the
a. soft n palate
b. hard n palate
c. alveolarn ridge
d. oraln pharynx
ANS:n B
Torusn palatinusn isn excessn bonen growthn and n occursn inn thenmidlinen of nthenhard npalate.nItn mayngrow n
ton varyingn sizesn and n isn generallyn onlyn an problemn whenn then constructionn ofn anmaxillaryn denturen isn
necessary.n Inn health,n suchn bonynprotuberances,n ornexcessn bonengrowths,ndonnotnoccurn onnthen soft n
palate,n alveolarn ridge,n orn oraln pharynx.
REF:n n p.n 5
OBJ:n To n definenthentermsnvestibule,noralncavitynproper,nmucobuccalnfold,nfrenum,nalveolarnmucosa,n ging
iva,n exostoses,n torusn palatinus,n and n torusn mandibularis
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.2.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:n
bones.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
3. Contractionn of n whichn musclen raisesn then tonguen upward?
a. Mylohyoid
b. Palatopharyngeal
c. Palatoglossal
d. Levatorn glossal
ANS:n A
, Contractionn of n thenmylohyoid nmusclen raisesn then tongue.nThen palatopharyngealn musclen and nthen pa
latoglossaln musclen formn then posterolateraln bordersn of n then oraln cavity.n Theren isn not nan musclen byn th
en namen of n levatorn glossal.
REF:n n p.n 7
OBJ:n To n definen thenlandmarksninnthenfloornofnthenmouthnandnthenhard nand nsoftnpalatenandnthenstructuresn t
hatn formn them
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.4.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:n
muscles. TOP:n BLOOM:n Remembering
4. Then oraln vestibulen isn partiallyn bordered n byn thenlipsn andncheeks.nThen oraln cavityn propern extendsn p
osteriorlyn ton then soft n palate.
a. Bothn statementsn aren true.
b. Then first n statement n isn true;n then second n statement n isn false.
c. Then first n statement n isn false;n then second n statement n isn true.
d. Bothn statementsn aren false.
ANS:n B
Then oraln vestibulen isn then spacen orn potentialn spacen that n existsnbetweennthen lipsn orn cheeksn and n teet
h.n Inn ann edentulousnperson,n thenvestibulen would nextend nbetweennthenlipsn orn cheeksnandn then alveo
larn ridges.n Then oraln cavityn propern isn surrounded n byn teethn orn alveolarn ridgesn andnextendsn alln thenw
ayn backn ton then palatinen tonsils.n Thisn includesn then regionn fromn then floorn ofn then mouthnupwardnton t
hen hard n and n soft n palates.
REF:n n p.n 2
OBJ:n To n describe n then boundariesn and n sub-
boundariesn ofnthenoralncavity nand nthenstructuresninneachnarean NAT:n CDA:nGCnI.A.6.nIdentifyn basicnoraln
anatomy nandnphysiology,n includingn butn notn limited n to:n oraln cavity.n TOP:BLOOM:n Remembering
5. Eachn of n then followingn isn truen of n then uvulan EXCEPTn one.n Whichn onen isn then EXCEPTION?
a. It n isn located n at n then most n posteriorn portionn of n then hard n palate.
b. It n isn located n at n then midline.
c. It n isn an downwardlyn projectingn muscle.
d. It n isn necessaryn forn swallowing.
ANS:n D
Then uvulan isn an downwardlyn projectingn muscularn tissuen locatednat nthen midlinen of n then most n posteri
orn portionn of n then hard n palate.n It n isn NOTn necessaryn forn swallowing.
REF:n n p.n 6
OBJ:n To n definen thenlandmarksninnthenfloornofnthenmouthnandnthenhard nand nsoftnpalatenandnthenstructuresn t
hatn formn them
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.6.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:noraln
cavity.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
6. Then circumvallaten papillaen aren located n onn then hard npalate,n buccaln mucosa,n and n floorn of n then
mouth.n Then papillaen found n onn thentonguen aren then filiform,n fungiform,n vallate,n foliate,n and n i
ncisive.
a. Bothn statementsn aren true.
b. Then first n statement n isn true;n then second n statement n isn false.
c. Then first n statement n isn false;n then second n statement n isn true.
d. Bothn statementsn aren false.
, ANS:n D
Alln papillaen listed n inn bothn statementsn aren locatedn onnthentonguen withn then exceptionn ofn then incisive
n papilla,n whichn isn located n onn thenhardn palate.nNoten that nthen incisiven papillan isn an singularn structure,n
thusn then different nspelling.nTheren aren non papillaen located nonneithern then buccaln mucosan ornthenfloorn
of n then mouth.
REF:n n p.n 7
OBJ:n To n definen thenlandmarksninnthenfloornofnthenmouthnandnthenhard nand nsoftnpalatenandnthenstructuresn t
hatn formn them
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.6.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:noraln
cavity.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
7. Eachn of n thenfollowingn structuresn cannreadilyn ben viewed n whenn examiningn then oraln cavityn
EXCEPTn one.n Whichn onen isn then EXCEPTION?
a. Fovean palatinae
b. Tonsillarn pillars
c. Laryngealn pharynx
d. Sublingualn fold
ANS:n C
Then laryngealn pharynxn isn located n below n thenoraln pharynxn andncannotn benseennwhilen examiningnth
en oraln cavity.n Then fovean palatinae,n then tonsillarn pillars,n and n then sublingualn fold n cann ben seenn whe
nn examiningn then oraln cavity.n Fovean palatinaen aren smalln depressionsn inn mucosan onn eithern siden ofnt
hen posteriorn nasaln spinen indicatingn then junctionn of n then hard n and n soft n palate.n Tonsillarn pillarsn aren
foldsn of n tissuen that npartiallyn surround n thentonsils.n Then sublingualn fold n extendsn backwardn onn eith
ern siden of n then floorn of n then mouthn and n isn situated n just n superiorn ton then submandibularn gland.
REF:n n p.n 2 n |n pp.n 6-7
OBJ:n To n describe n then boundariesn and n sub-
boundariesn ofnthenoralncavity nand nthenstructuresninneachnarean NAT:n CDA:nGCnI.A.6.nIdentifyn basicnoraln
anatomy nandnphysiology,n includingn butn notn limited n to:n oraln cavity.n TOP:BLOOM:n Remembering
8. Eachn of n thenfollowingn structuresn isn locatednwithinn then hardnpalatenEXCEPTnone.n Whichn onen isn t
hen EXCEPTION?
a. Incisiven papilla
b. Rugae
c. Greatern palatinen foramina
d. Then anteriorn and n posteriorn pillars
ANS:n D
Then anteriorn and n posteriorn pillarsn aren located n posteriorn tonthensoft npalate.nThen posteriorn pillarn isn a
lson called n then palatopharyngealn archn orn fold.n Then anteriorn pillarn isn alson called n then palatoglossaln a
rchn orn fold.n Then tonsilsn lien betweenn then anteriorn and n posteriorn pillars.
Then incisiven papillan and n rugaen aren located n onn then anteriorn portionn ofn thenhard npalate.n Then greater
n palatinen foraminan aren located n innthenposteriorn portionsn ofnthenhardnpalaten lingualn tonthen second n a
nd n third n maxillaryn molars.
REF:n n pp.n 5-6
OBJ:n To n definen thenlandmarksninnthenfloornofnthenmouthnandnthenhard nand nsoftnpalatenandnthenstructuresn t
hatn formn them
, NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.6.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:noraln
cavity.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
9. Then smalln bonyn growthsn that n commonlyn occurn onnthen buccalncorticaln platen ofnthen maxillaen and n t
hen mandiblen aren called
a. torusn palatinus
b. mandibularn tori
c. exostoses
d. maxillaryn tuberosity
ANS:n C
Exostoses,n smalln bonyn growthsn that noccurnonnthen buccaln corticaln platen onn then mandiblen and n then
maxillae,n aren seenn inn an largen portionn of n then population.n Theyn aren normallyn inconsequentialn unle
ssn theyn becomen tendern orn andenturen isn needed.nExostosesn occurn moren frequentlyn onn then mandibl
en thann onn then maxillae.
Torusn palatinusn aren excessn bonyn growthsn that n commonlyn occurn inn then midlinen ofn then palate.n Ma
ndibularn torin aren bonyn swellingsn that n frequentlyn occurn onnthen lingualn surfacen of nthen mandiblenatnt
hen caninen area.n Then maxillaryn tuberosityn isn an rounded nbonynprotrusionn innthenarean of n then third n m
olar.
REF:n n p.n 4
OBJ:n To n definenthentermsnvestibule,noralncavitynproper,nmucobuccalnfold,nfrenum,nalveolarnmucosa,n ging
iva,n exostoses,n torusn palatinus,n and n torusn mandibularis
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.2.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:n
bones.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
10. Whichn structuren isn then MOSTn vascularn inn appearance?
a. Mucogingivalnjunction
b. Alveolarn mucosa
c. Labialn frenum
d. Gingiva
ANS:n B
Then alveolarn mucosa,n an thinn layern of n looselyn attached n andn movablen tissue,n coversn an highlyn vascul
arn area.n Then presencen of n blood n vesselsn immediatelyn undern thisn relativelyn thinn mucosan isn responsi
blen forn then generaln reddishn color.n Byncontrast,nthenmucogingivaln junctionn that ndividesn then attache
d n gingivan fromn then alveolarn mucosan appearsn moren pinkn inn color.n Then gingivan and n labialn frenumn a
lson appearn pinkn inn color.
REF:n n p.n 2
OBJ:n To n definenthentermsnvestibule,noralncavitynproper,nmucobuccalnfold,nfrenum,nalveolarnmucosa,n ging
iva,n exostoses,n torusn palatinus,n and n torusn mandibularis
NAT:n CDA:n GCnI.A.6.nIdentifynbasicnoralnanatomy nand nphysiology,nincludingnbutnnotnlimited nto:noraln
cavity.n TOP: BLOOM:n Remembering
11. Althoughn an patient n presentingn withnpainfuln areasn throughout nthenoraln cavityn orn anchild npresentin
gn withn gingivaln bleedingn inn then presencen of nexcellent n oraln hygienen should nben monitored n careful
ly,n referraln ton an dentalnspecialist n orn physiciann isn not nindicated.nAnpatient nwithn anred nandnpainfulnto
nguen doesn warrant n suchn an referraln asn doesn an patient n withn moderaten plaquen onn alln teeth.
a. Bothn statementsn aren true.
