Test Bank Understanding Pathophysiology 6th & 7th & 8th Edition by Sue Huether and Kathryn McCance Complete Guide A+ BUNDLE

TESTgBANKgFORgUNDERSTANDINGgPATHOPHYSIOLOGYg7THgEDITIONgBYgHUETHER
TESTgBANKgFORgUNDERSTANDINGgPATHOPHYSIOLOGYg7THg
EDITIONgBYgHUETHER

, TESTgBANKgFORgUNDERSTANDINGgPATHOPHYSIOLOGYg7THgEDITIONgBYgHUETHER
TESTgBANKgFORgUNDERSTANDINGgPATHOPHYSIOLOGYg7THg
EDITIONgBYgHUETHER

Chapterg02:gGenesgandgGeneticgDiseases
Huether:gUnderstandinggPathophysiology,g7thgEdition


MULTIPLEgCHOICE

1. AgnursegrecallsgthegbasicgcomponentsgofgDNAgare:
a. pentosegsugarsgandgfourgphosphategbases.
b. agphosphategmolecule,gdeoxyribose,gandgfourgnitrogenousgbases.
c. adenine,gguanine,gandgpurine.
d. codons,goxygen,gandgcytosine.
ANS:gB
ThegthreegbasicgcomponentsgofgDNAgaregdeoxyribose;gagphosphategmolecule;gandgfourgtype
sgofgnitrogenous,gnotgphosphate,gbases.gDNAgdoesgnotgcontaingcondone.

2. Whichgofgthegfollowinggmutationsghavegthegmostgsignificantgeffectgongproteingsynthesis?ga.
Basegpairgsubstitutions
b. Silentgmutations
c. Introngmutations
d. Frameshiftgmutations
ANS:gD
Thegframeshiftgmutationginvolvesgtheginsertiongorgdeletiongofgonegorgmoregbasegpairsgofgtheg
DNAgmolecule.gThisggreatlygaltersgthegaminogacidgsequence,gwhichgaffectsgproteingsynthesis
.gThegbasegpairgsubstitutiongisgagtypegofgmutationgingwhichgonegbasegpairgreplacesganother.
Silentgmutationsgdognotgchangegaminogacidsgorgproteingsynthesis.gIntrongmutationsgaregpartg
ofgRNA
sequencing. N

3. ThegbasegcomponentsgofgDNAgare:
a. A,gG,gC,gandgU.
b. P,gG,gC,gandgT.
c. A,gG,gC,gandgT.
d. X,gXX,gXY,gandgYY.
ANS:gC
ThegfourgbasegcomponentsgofgDNAgaregcytosine,gthymine,gadenine,gandgguanine,gandgaregco
mmonlygrepresentedgbygtheirgfirstglettersg(A,gC,gT,gandgG)gandgnotgcomponentsgidentifiedgasg
PgorgU.gX,gXX,gXY,gandgYYgaregcomponentsgofghumangchromosomes.

,TESTgBANKgFORgUNDERSTANDINGgPATHOPHYSIOLOGYg7THgEDITIONgBYgHUETHER
4. AgDNAgstrandghasgagregiongwithgthegsequencegATCGGAT.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggwouldgbe
a complementarygstrand?
g g

a. CGATACGT
b. TAGCCTAG
c. TUGCCTUG

d. UAGCCUAG


ANS:gB

Thegconsistentgpairinggofgadeninegwithgthyminegandgofgguaninegwithgcytosinegisgknowngasgc

omplementarygbasegpairing;gthus,gAgcomplementsgtogTgandgCgtogGgandgvicegversagthrougho

utgthegstrand.gAgcomplementsgtogT;gthus,gthegfirstglettergmustgbegagT.gUgdoesgnotgrepresentga

gcomplementgingthegsequence.



5. AgbiologistgisgexplainingghowgRNAgdirectsgthegsynthesisgofgprotein.gWhichgprocessgisgth

egbiologistgdescribing?

a. Termination

b. Transcription

c. Translocation

d. Translation


ANS:gD

Ingtranslation,gRNAgdirectsgthegsynthesisgofgagpolypeptide,ginteractinggwithgtransfergRNAg(t

RNA),gagcloverleaf-

shapedgstrandgofgaboutg80gnucleotides.gTerminationgdoesgnotginvolvegsynthesisgofgprotein.gT

ranscriptiongisgthegprocessgbygwhichgDNAgspecifiesgagsequencegofgmessengergRNAg(mRN

A).gTranslocationgisgtheginterchangegofggeneticgmaterialgbetweengnonhomologousgchromoso

mes.

, TESTgBANKgFORgUNDERSTANDINGgPATHOPHYSIOLOGYg7THgEDITIONgBYgHUETHER
6. Whatgisgthegresultgofghomologousgchromosomesgfailinggtogseparategduringgmeiosis?ga.

Neurofibromatosis

b. Nondisjunction

c. Polyploidy

d. Conjoinedgtwins


ANS:gB

Nondisjunctiongisgangerrorgingwhichghomologousgchromosomesgorgsistergchromatidsgfailgtog

separategnormallygduringgmeiosNisgorgmitosis.gNeurofibromatosisgisgnotgduegtogchromosom

egfailuregduringgmeiosis.gPolyploidygoccursgwhengageuploidgcellghasgmoregthangthegdiploidg

numbergofgchromosomes.gConjoinedgtwinsgaregnotgduegtogchromosomegfailuregduringgmeiosi

s.



7. Agcellgthatgdoesgnotgcontaingagmultiplegofg23gchromosomesgisgcalledgag cell.ga.

diploid

b. euploid

c. polyploid

d. haploid


ANS:gC

Agpolyploidgcellgisgonegingwhichgageuploidgcellghasgmoregthang23gpairsgofgchromosomes.gAg

diploidgcellgisgwhengthegsomaticgcellgnucleusghasg46gchromosomesging23gpairs.gAgeuploidgce

llgisgagcellgwithgmultiplesgofgthegnormalgnumbergofgchromosomes.gAghaploidgcellghasgonlygo

negmembergofgeachgchromosomegpair,gforgagtotalgofg23gchromosomes.