BIOL 2060 - Exam Review
SUMMER
SEMESTER
OF 2020
, Unit 1 - Introduction
WHAT IS ECOLOGY ?
study of the interactions between and their environment
organisms
-
Involves
obtaining objective knowledge about nature
-
-
studies individuals , populations ,
communities , and ecosystems
of be used as a tool to predict and understand past and future
The
biology organisms
can
-
changes
SCIENCE AND THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
The scientific method is a identified information
process where a problem is
background
-
,
collected developed and tested and then accepted
is ,
a hypothesis is , is or
rejected
Reliable of hypotheses that repeated tests
knowledge consists survive
-
A hypothesis is a potential explanation for an observation whereas 2 prediction
-
,
is educated of the outcome if the hypothesis were correct
guess
an .
PRINCIPLES OF SAMPLING DESIGN FOR MAKING OBSERVATIONS
3 types of sampling
random systematic and haphazard F
-
:
, ,
These types of have the least to most birds that order
sampling
-
More samples more accurate results
-
=
Quad rats be used to estimate density frequency of occurrence
percentage cover
can
-
, , ,
or biomass
PRINCIPLES FOR TESTING HYPOTHESES
Types of approaches used to test predictions
-
↳ Observational take measurements natural habitat ; no
in manipulation
-
↳
build mathematical models that represent
Modelling an occurrence in the natural
-
world to
predict a new
phenomenon
↳
Experimental involves
applying a stimulus and
measuring
the response
-
-
Cause and effect cannot be determined in an observational study
Any observed response in an experimental study can be attributed to the effect of the
-
treatment
Models limited by the amount of information that into them
goes
are
-
-
Experimental design consists of an experimental unit ,
treatments ,
controls , replication ,
randomization and response variables
,
HOW SCIENTIFIC IDEAS ARE COMMUNICATED
-
Scientific ideas are presented in
primary research articles ,
review articles and,
popular science articles
SUMMER
SEMESTER
OF 2020
, Unit 1 - Introduction
WHAT IS ECOLOGY ?
study of the interactions between and their environment
organisms
-
Involves
obtaining objective knowledge about nature
-
-
studies individuals , populations ,
communities , and ecosystems
of be used as a tool to predict and understand past and future
The
biology organisms
can
-
changes
SCIENCE AND THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
The scientific method is a identified information
process where a problem is
background
-
,
collected developed and tested and then accepted
is ,
a hypothesis is , is or
rejected
Reliable of hypotheses that repeated tests
knowledge consists survive
-
A hypothesis is a potential explanation for an observation whereas 2 prediction
-
,
is educated of the outcome if the hypothesis were correct
guess
an .
PRINCIPLES OF SAMPLING DESIGN FOR MAKING OBSERVATIONS
3 types of sampling
random systematic and haphazard F
-
:
, ,
These types of have the least to most birds that order
sampling
-
More samples more accurate results
-
=
Quad rats be used to estimate density frequency of occurrence
percentage cover
can
-
, , ,
or biomass
PRINCIPLES FOR TESTING HYPOTHESES
Types of approaches used to test predictions
-
↳ Observational take measurements natural habitat ; no
in manipulation
-
↳
build mathematical models that represent
Modelling an occurrence in the natural
-
world to
predict a new
phenomenon
↳
Experimental involves
applying a stimulus and
measuring
the response
-
-
Cause and effect cannot be determined in an observational study
Any observed response in an experimental study can be attributed to the effect of the
-
treatment
Models limited by the amount of information that into them
goes
are
-
-
Experimental design consists of an experimental unit ,
treatments ,
controls , replication ,
randomization and response variables
,
HOW SCIENTIFIC IDEAS ARE COMMUNICATED
-
Scientific ideas are presented in
primary research articles ,
review articles and,
popular science articles
