Walsh Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care, 5th Edition Test Bank..pdf

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NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC RESPIR
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ATORY CARE u




5th Edition, Walsh
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,NeonataluanduPediatricuRespiratoryuCare,u5thuEdition,uBrianuK.uWalshuTestuBank

TableuofuContents
Chapteru1.uFetaluLunguDevelopment
Chapteru2.uFetaluGasuExchangeuanduCirculation
Chapteru3.uAntenataluAssessmentuanduHigh-RiskuDelivery
Chapteru4.uExaminationuanduAssessmentuofutheuNeonataluanduPediatricuPatient
Chapteru5.uPulmonaryuFunctionuTestinguanduBedsideuPulmonaryuMechanics
Chapteru6.uRadiographicuAssessment
Chapteru7.uPediatricuFlexibleuBronchoscopy
Chapteru8.uInvasiveuBlooduGasuAnalysisuanduCardiovascularuMonitoring
Chapteru9.uNoninvasiveuMonitoringuinuNeonataluanduPediatricuCare
Chapteru10.uOxygenuAdministration
Chapteru11.uAerosolsuanduAdministrationuofuInhaleduMedications
Chapteru12.uAirwayuClearanceuTechniquesuanduHyperinflationuTherapy
Chapteru13.uAirwayuManagement
Chapteru14.uSurfactantuReplacementuTherapy
Chapteru15.uNoninvasiveuMechanicaluVentilationuanduContinuousuPositiveuPressureuofutheuNeonate
Chapteru16.uNoninvasiveuMechanicaluVentilationuofutheuInfantuanduChild
Chapteru17.uInvasiveuMechanicaluVentilationuofutheuNeonateuanduPediatricuPatient
Chapteru18.uAdministrationuofuGasuMixtures
Chapteru19.uExtracorporealuMembraneuOxygenation
Chapteru20.uPharmacology
Chapteru21.uThoracicuOrganuTransplantation
Chapteru22.uNeonataluPulmonaryuDisorders
Chapteru23.uSurgicaluDisordersuinuChildhooduthatuAffectuRespiratoryuCare
Chapteru24.uCongenitaluCardiacuDefects
Chapteru25.uPediatricuSleep-DisordereduBreathing
Chapteru26.uPediatricuAirwayuDisordersuanduParenchymaluLunguDiseases
Chapteru27.uAsthma
Chapteru28.uCysticuFibrosis
Chapteru29.uAcuteuRespiratoryuDistressuSyndrome
Chapteru30.uShock
Chapteru31.uPediatricuTrauma
Chapteru32.uDisordersuofutheuPleura
Chapteru33.uNeurologicaluanduNeuromuscularuDisorders
Chapteru34.uPediatricuEmergencies
Chapteru35.uHomeuCareuofutheuPostpartumuFamily
Chapteru36.uQualityuanduSafety

,Chapteru1:uFetaluLunguDevelopment
Walsh:uNeonatalu&uPediatricuRespiratoryuCareu5thuEditionuTestuBanku(2020)

MULTIPLEuCHOICE

1. Whichuofutheufollowinguphasesuofuhumanulungudevelopmentuisucharacterizedubyutheuformationuo
fuaucapillaryunetworkuarounduairwayupassages?
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular

ANS:u D
Theucanalicularuphaseufollowsutheupseudoglandularuphase,ulastingufromuapproximatelyu17uweek
sutou26uweeksuofugestation.uThisuphaseuisusounamedubecauseuofutheuappearanceuofuvascularuchann
els,uorucapillaries,uwhichubeginutougrowubyuforminguaucapillaryunetworkuaroundutheuairupassages
.uDuringutheupseudoglandularustage,uwhichubeginsuatudayu52uanduextendsutouweeku16uofugestatio
n,utheuairwayusystemusubdividesuextensivelyuandutheuconductinguairwayusystemudevelops,uendi
nguwithutheuterminalubronchioles.uTheusaccularustageuofudevelopment,uwhichutakesuplaceufromu
weeksu29utou36uofugestation,uisucharacterizedubyutheudevelopmentuofusacsuthatulaterubecomeualve
oli.uDuringutheusaccularuphase,uautremendousuincreaseuinutheupotentialugas-
uexchangingusurfaceuareauoccurs.uTheudistinctionubetweenutheusaccularustageuandutheualveolarust


ageuisuarbitrary.uTheualveolarustageustretchesufromu39uweeksuofugestationutouterm.uThisustageuisur
epresentedubyutheuestablishmentuofualveoli.

REF:upp.u 3-5

2. Regardingupostnatalulungugrowth,ubyuapproximatelyuwhatuageudoumostuofutheualveoliuthatuwillub
eupresentuinutheulungsuforulifeudevelop?
a. 6umonths
b. 1uyear
c. 1.5uyears
d. 2uyears

ANS:u C
Mostuofutheupostnataluformationuofualveoliuinutheuinfantuoccursuoverutheufirstu1.5uyearsuofulife.uAt
u2uyearsuofuage,utheunumberuofualveoliuvariesusubstantiallyuamonguindividuals.uAfteru2u yearsuofuag


e,umalesuhaveumoreualveoliuthanudoufemales.uAfterualveolarumultiplicationuends,utheualveoliucont
inueutouincreaseuinusizeuuntiluthoracicugrowthuisucompleted.

REF:u p.u6

3. Theurespiratoryutherapistuisuevaluatinguaunewbornuwithumildurespiratoryudistressudueutoutrachealus
tenosis.uDuringuwhichuperioduofulungudevelopmentudiduthisuproblemudevelop?

, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS:u A
Theuinitialustructuresuofutheupulmonaryutreeudevelopuduringutheuembryonalustage.uErrorsuinudeve
lopmentuduringuthisutimeumayuresultuinularyngeal,utracheal,uoruesophagealuatresiauorustenosis.uPu
lmonaryuhypoplasia,uanuincompleteudevelopmentuofutheulungsucharacterizedubyuanuabnormallyul
owunumberuand/orusizeuofubronchopulmonaryusegmentsuand/orualveoli,ucanudevelopuduringutheu
pseudoglandularuphase.uIfutheufetusuisubornuduringutheucanalicularuphaseu(i.e.,uprematurely),usev
ereurespiratoryudistressucanubeuexpectedubecauseutheuinadequatelyudevelopeduairways,ualonguwit
huinsufficientuanduimmatureusurfactantuproductionubyualveolarutypeuIIucells,ugivesuriseutoutheuco
nstellationuofuproblemsuknownuasuinfanturespiratoryudistressusyndrome.

REF:u u p.u6

4. Whichuofutheufollowingumechanismsuisu(are)uresponsibleuforutheupossibleuassociationubetweenu
oligohydramniosuandulunguhypoplasia?

I. Abnormalucarbohydrateumetabolism
II. Mechanicalurestrictionuofutheuchestuwall
III. Interferenceuwithufetalubreathing
IV. Failureutouproduceufetalulunguliquid
a. Iuandu IIIuonly
b. IIuandu IIIuonly
c. I,uII,uandu IVuonly
d. II,uIII,uanduIVuonly

ANS:u D
Oligohydramnios,uaureduceduquantityuofuamnioticufluidupresentuforuanuextendeduperioduofutime,u
withuoruwithouturenaluanomalies,uisuassociateduwithulunguhypoplasia.uTheumechanismsubyuwhichu
amnioticufluiduvolumeuinfluencesulungugrowthuremainuunclear.uPossibleuexplanationsuforureduce
duquantityuofuamnioticufluiduincludeumechanicalurestrictionuofutheuchestuwall,uinterferenceuwithuf
etalubreathing,uorufailureutouproduceufetalulunguliquid.uTheseuclinicaluanduexperimentaluobservati
onsupossiblyupointutouaucommonudenominator,ulungustretch,uasubeinguaumajorugrowthustimulant.

REF:upp.u6-7

5. Whatuisutheupurposeuofutheusubstanceusecretedubyutheutypeu IIupneumocyte?
a. Touincreaseutheugasuexchangeusurfaceuarea
b. Toureduceusurfaceutension
c. Toumaintainulunguelasticity
d. Toupreserveutheuvolumeuofutheuamnioticufluid