GCU BIO 182 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
100% CORRECT | 2025 UPDATE
____________ called charophytes are the closest relatives of land plants. -
ANSWER Green Algae
• Rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes
• Peroxisome enzymes
• Structure of flagellated sperm
• Formation of a phragmoplast - ANSWER Land plants share four key traits
with only charophytes
In charophytes a layer of a durable polymer called _____________ prevents
exposed zygotes from drying out - ANSWER Sporopollenin
______________ is also found in plant spore walls - ANSWER Sporopollenin
• Alternation of generations and multicellular, dependent embryos
• Walled spores produced in sporangia
• Multicellular gametangia
• Apical meristems - ANSWER Four key traits appear in nearly all land plants
but are absent in the charophytes
,Plants alternate between two multicellular stages, a reproductive cycle called
___________ - ANSWER Alternation of Generations
The ____________ is haploid and produces haploid gametes by mitosis -
ANSWER Gametophyte
Nutrients are transferred from parent to embryo through ___________________ -
ANSWER Placental transfer cells
Land plants are called ____________ because of the dependency of the embryo
on the parent - ANSWER Embryophytes
The sporophyte produces spores in organs called ____________ - ANSWER
Sporangia
Diploid cells called ___________ undergo meiosis to generate haploid spores -
ANSWER Sporocytes
Spore walls contain _______________, which makes them resistant to harsh
environments - ANSWER Sporopollenin
Gametes are produced within organs called ______________ - ANSWER
Gametangia
Female gametangia, called ____________, produce eggs and are the site of
fertilization - ANSWER Archegonia
, Male gametangia, called ____________, produce and release sperm - ANSWER
Antheridia
Plants sustain continual growth in their ____________ - ANSWER Apical
meristems
A waxy covering of the epidermis - ANSWER Cuticle
Land plants can be informally grouped based on the presence or absence of
_____________ - ANSWER Vascular tissue
Most plants have vascular tissue; these constitute the _______________ -
ANSWER Vascular plants
Nonvascular plants are commonly called ________ - ANSWER Bryophytes
_____________ are not a monophyletic group; their relationships to each other
and to vascular plants is unresolved - ANSWER Bryophytes
Club mosses and their relatives - ANSWER Lycophytes
A _________ is an embryo and nutrients surrounded by a protective coat -
ANSWER Seed
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
100% CORRECT | 2025 UPDATE
____________ called charophytes are the closest relatives of land plants. -
ANSWER Green Algae
• Rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes
• Peroxisome enzymes
• Structure of flagellated sperm
• Formation of a phragmoplast - ANSWER Land plants share four key traits
with only charophytes
In charophytes a layer of a durable polymer called _____________ prevents
exposed zygotes from drying out - ANSWER Sporopollenin
______________ is also found in plant spore walls - ANSWER Sporopollenin
• Alternation of generations and multicellular, dependent embryos
• Walled spores produced in sporangia
• Multicellular gametangia
• Apical meristems - ANSWER Four key traits appear in nearly all land plants
but are absent in the charophytes
,Plants alternate between two multicellular stages, a reproductive cycle called
___________ - ANSWER Alternation of Generations
The ____________ is haploid and produces haploid gametes by mitosis -
ANSWER Gametophyte
Nutrients are transferred from parent to embryo through ___________________ -
ANSWER Placental transfer cells
Land plants are called ____________ because of the dependency of the embryo
on the parent - ANSWER Embryophytes
The sporophyte produces spores in organs called ____________ - ANSWER
Sporangia
Diploid cells called ___________ undergo meiosis to generate haploid spores -
ANSWER Sporocytes
Spore walls contain _______________, which makes them resistant to harsh
environments - ANSWER Sporopollenin
Gametes are produced within organs called ______________ - ANSWER
Gametangia
Female gametangia, called ____________, produce eggs and are the site of
fertilization - ANSWER Archegonia
, Male gametangia, called ____________, produce and release sperm - ANSWER
Antheridia
Plants sustain continual growth in their ____________ - ANSWER Apical
meristems
A waxy covering of the epidermis - ANSWER Cuticle
Land plants can be informally grouped based on the presence or absence of
_____________ - ANSWER Vascular tissue
Most plants have vascular tissue; these constitute the _______________ -
ANSWER Vascular plants
Nonvascular plants are commonly called ________ - ANSWER Bryophytes
_____________ are not a monophyletic group; their relationships to each other
and to vascular plants is unresolved - ANSWER Bryophytes
Club mosses and their relatives - ANSWER Lycophytes
A _________ is an embryo and nutrients surrounded by a protective coat -
ANSWER Seed
