SECTION 4: CRITICAL THINKING D265
WGU EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Fallacies of Presumption - Answer-Arguments that make unwarranted assumptions
about either the data or the nature of a reasonable argument
- False Dilemma
- Burden of Proof - Answer-Types of Fallacies of Presumption
false dilemma fallacy - Answer-argument in which a speaker reduces available choices
to only two even though other alternatives exist; also called the either-or fallacy
burden of proof - Answer-the obligation to present evidence to support one's claim
Burden of proof shifting - Answer-When one decides that someone else must prove
them wrong when, in reality, they are the person with the burden of proof.
Argument Mapping - Answer-A way to visually analyze an argument so that the relation
between the evidence and conclusions is clear
conjoint support - Answer-When a premise doesn't seem to support the conclusion
without the help of the other premises.
independent support - Answer-When each premise seems like its an argument for the
conclusion on its own.
Hidden Assumptions - Answer-unstated premises and conclusions
direct and independent support mapping example - Answer-2 solely supports the
conclusion on its own
multiple independent support mapping example - Answer-each premise is different and
unrelated to each other but each support the conclusion
indirect support mapping example - Answer-3 is indirect to the conclusion
conjoint support mapping example - Answer-both premises are related to each other
and are both needed to support the conclusion.
mapping hidden assumptions - Answer-A hidden assumption will always offer conjoint
support for its conclusion/sub-conclusion.
WGU EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Fallacies of Presumption - Answer-Arguments that make unwarranted assumptions
about either the data or the nature of a reasonable argument
- False Dilemma
- Burden of Proof - Answer-Types of Fallacies of Presumption
false dilemma fallacy - Answer-argument in which a speaker reduces available choices
to only two even though other alternatives exist; also called the either-or fallacy
burden of proof - Answer-the obligation to present evidence to support one's claim
Burden of proof shifting - Answer-When one decides that someone else must prove
them wrong when, in reality, they are the person with the burden of proof.
Argument Mapping - Answer-A way to visually analyze an argument so that the relation
between the evidence and conclusions is clear
conjoint support - Answer-When a premise doesn't seem to support the conclusion
without the help of the other premises.
independent support - Answer-When each premise seems like its an argument for the
conclusion on its own.
Hidden Assumptions - Answer-unstated premises and conclusions
direct and independent support mapping example - Answer-2 solely supports the
conclusion on its own
multiple independent support mapping example - Answer-each premise is different and
unrelated to each other but each support the conclusion
indirect support mapping example - Answer-3 is indirect to the conclusion
conjoint support mapping example - Answer-both premises are related to each other
and are both needed to support the conclusion.
mapping hidden assumptions - Answer-A hidden assumption will always offer conjoint
support for its conclusion/sub-conclusion.
