, TEST BANK FOR COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE THE BIOLOGY OF THE MIND
f f f f f f f f f f
FIFTH EDITION BY MICHAEL GAZZANIGA, RICHARD B IVRY, GEORGE R
f f f f f f f f f f f
MANGUN f
Chapter 1: A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience
f f f f f f f
LEARNING fOBJECTIVES
1.1 Explain fthe forigins fof fthe ffield fof fcognitive fneuroscience.
1.2 Describe fthe froots fof fthe fdebate fover flocalization fof ffunction.
1.3 Explain fthe fways fin fwhich fbrain fstructure fwas fstudied.
1.4 Understand fthe fphilosophical forigins fof fcognitive fpsychology.
1.5 Discuss fbehaviorism fand fits fprincipal ftenets.
1.6 Explain fhow fand fwhy fcognitive fpsychology fcame fto fthe fforefront fof fthe fpsychological ffields.
1.7 Identify fthe fdifferent fmethods fthat fare fused fto fmeasure fbrain ffunction fand fstructure.
MULTIPLE fCHOICE
1. What fterm fwas fcoined fby fThomas fWillis fas fa fconsequence fof fthe fcase fof fAnne fGreen?
a. psychopathology
b. cognition
c. neurology
d. psychosis
ANS: f C DIF: Easy REF: f1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
fOBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Remembering
2. Aside ffrom fsaving fAnne fGreen’s flife, fThomas fWillis fand fChristopher fWren falso
a. created fvery faccurate fdrawings fof fthe fbrain.
b. came fup fwith fthe fnames fof fa fnumber fof fbrain fstructures.
c. took fthe ffirst fsteps fthat fled fto fcognitive fneuroscience.
d. All fof fthe fanswer foptions fare fcorrect.
ANS: f D DIF: Medium REF: f1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
fOBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Understanding
3. Each fof fthe ffollowing fare freasons fwhy fWillis fis fconsidered fone fof fthe fearly ffigures fin fcognitive
fneuroscience fEXCEPT:
a. He fnamed fmany fbrain fparts.
b. He fgave ffrequent flectures fon fspecific fbrain fregions.
c. He fwas famong fthe ffirst fto flink fbehavioral fdeficits fto fbrain fdamage.
d. He fcreated fvery faccurate fbrain fimages.
ANS: f B DIF: Medium REF: f1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
fOBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Remembering
4. While fstudying fbrain ffunction, fit fis foften fuseful fto fthink fof fdevelopment fin fterms fof ,
fwhich fis fthe fperspective fof .
a. cognition; fcognitive fneuroscience c. blood fflow; fmagnetic fresonance fimaging
b. survival; fevolution d. f dysfunction; fpsychopathology
ANS: f B DIF: Difficult REF: 1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
OBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Analyzing
, 5. Which fstance fwould fmost flikely fhold fan fassumption fthat fphysical felements fof fthe fbrain fare fresponsible
ffor fthe fconscious fmind?
a. monism c. dualism
b. behaviorism d. f relativism
ANS: f A DIF: Medium REF: f 1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
OBJ: f 1.1 MSC: Analyzing
6. René fDescartes fposited fthat fthe fmind fwas fseparate ffrom fthe fbody. fHowever, fhe fimplicated fa fsingle
fbrain fstructure, fthe fpineal fgland, fas fhaving fwhat ffunction?
a. regulating ffeelings fand femotions c. moderating fcognitive fprocesses
b. connecting fthe fmind fand fthe fbody d. f adjusting fbehavior
ANS: f B DIF: Easy REF: f1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
fOBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Remembering
7. Considering fthe fperspective frecommended ffor fapproaching fcognitive fneuroscience, fwhich fof fthe
ffollowing fwould fbest fexplain fhow fa fcognitive ffunction fmay fhave fdeveloped?
a. learning fand freward c. neurological fdysfunction
b. integration fwith ftechnology d. f hunting fand fgathering
ANS: f D DIF: Difficult REF: 1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
OBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Analyzing
8. Afcentral fissue fof fmodern fcognitive fneuroscience fis fwhether fspecific fhuman fcognitive fabilities
a. arise ffrom fnetworks fof fbrain fareas fworking ftogether.
b. are fdetermined fby fthe fshape fand fsize fof fthe fhuman fskull for fthe fbrain fbeneath.
c. are fbest fstudied fusing fthe fscientific fmethod.
d. can fbe fbest fidentified fusing fthe fGolgi fsilver fmethod fof fstaining for ffMRI.
ANS: f A DIF: Medium REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Understanding
9. The fdiscipline fof fphrenology fwas ffounded fby
a. Broca fand fWernicke. c. Ramón fy fCajal fand fSherrington.
b. Fritsch fand fHitzig. d. f Gall fand fSpurzheim.
ANS: f D DIF: Easy REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Remembering
10. Phrenologists fbelieved fthat fthe fcontour fof fthe fskull fcould fprovide fvaluable finformation fabout fan
individual’s fcognitive fcapacities fand fpersonality ftraits. fThis fapproach fwas fbased fon fthe fassumption fthat
a. skull fprotrusions fare fcaused fby fdisproportionate fdevelopment fof fthe fbrain fareas fbeneath
fthem, fwhich fare fresponsible ffor fdifferent fspecific ffunctions.
b. certain ftraits fsuch fas faggressiveness flead fto flife fexperiences fand finjuries fthat falter fthe
fshape fof fthe fskull fin fspecific fways.
c. life fexperiences fand finjuries fthat falter fthe fshape fof fthe fskull fin fspecific fways flead fto fcertain
ftraits, fsuch fas faggressiveness.
d. the fdevelopment fof fthe fskull fbones fdirectly finfluences fthe fconfiguration fof fthe fsoft fbrain
fareas fbeneath fthem, fwhich fare fresponsible ffor fdifferent fspecific ffunctions.
ANS: f A DIF: Difficult REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Evaluating
11. Localizationist fis fto as fholistic fis fto .
a. Wernicke; fGall c. Flourens; fBroca
, b. Gall; fFlourens d. f Broca; fWernicke
ANS: f B DIF: Medium REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Understanding
12. Gall’s fmethod ffor finvestigating fphrenology fwas fflawed fbecause
a. he fused fthe fwrong flanguage fto fexplain fthe fcharacteristics fhe fobserved.
b. he fdid fnot ftell fNapoleon fBonaparte fthat fhe fpossessed fnoble fcharacteristics.
c. he fsought fonly fto fconfirm, fnot fdisprove, fthe fcorrelations fhe fobserved.
d. he fused fhis fown fskull fas fthe fbase fmodel.
ANS: f C DIF: Easy REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Remembering
13. The fview fknown fas faggregate ffield ftheory, fwhich fstated fthat fthe fwhole fbrain fparticipates fin fbehavior,
fis fmost fassociated fwith
a. Broca. c. Brodmann.
b. Hughlings fJackson. d. f Flourens.
ANS: f D DIF: Easy REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Remembering
14. The fkey fobservation fleading fJohn fHughlings fJackson fto fpropose fa ftopographical forganization fin fthe
fcerebral fcortex fwas fthat
a. speech fdisturbances fcould fbe fidentified fby fleft-hemisphere flesions.
b. the ftwo fhemispheres fof fthe fbrain fserved fdifferent ffunctions.
c. seizures fbegin fin fa flocalized fregion fof fthe fcortex.
d. focal fbrain fdamage fcauses fspecific fbehavioral fdeficits.
ANS: f C DIF: Difficult REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Analyzing
15. In fdeveloping fphrenology, fGall’s fmain ffailure fwas fthat
a. he fdid fnot fseek fdisconfirming fevidence.
b. he fwas fnot fa fscientist.
c. his fmethod fwas fcorrelational.
d. All fof fthe fanswer foptions fare fcorrect.
ANS: f D DIF: Difficult REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Analyzing
16. Giovanni fvisits fhis flocal fphrenologist. fWhat fis fthis fperson flikely fto ftell fhim?
a. You fare fa fdomineering fperson.
b. Your ffather fwas fa fvery fdomineering fperson.
c. Your fbrother fis fa fdomineering fperson.
d. Your fmother fwas fa fvery fdomineering fperson.
ANS: f A DIF: Medium REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Applying
17. The fview fdeveloped fby fMarie fJean fPierre fFlourens, fbased fon fthe fidea fthat fprocesses flike flanguage fand
fmemory fcannot fbe flocalized fwithin fcircumscribed fbrain fregions, fwas fknown fas
a. the fneuron fdoctrine. c. rationalism.
b. aggregate ffield ftheory. d. fthe flaw fof feffect.
ANS: f B
f DIF: Easy REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
f f f f f f f f f f
FIFTH EDITION BY MICHAEL GAZZANIGA, RICHARD B IVRY, GEORGE R
f f f f f f f f f f f
MANGUN f
Chapter 1: A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience
f f f f f f f
LEARNING fOBJECTIVES
1.1 Explain fthe forigins fof fthe ffield fof fcognitive fneuroscience.
1.2 Describe fthe froots fof fthe fdebate fover flocalization fof ffunction.
1.3 Explain fthe fways fin fwhich fbrain fstructure fwas fstudied.
1.4 Understand fthe fphilosophical forigins fof fcognitive fpsychology.
1.5 Discuss fbehaviorism fand fits fprincipal ftenets.
1.6 Explain fhow fand fwhy fcognitive fpsychology fcame fto fthe fforefront fof fthe fpsychological ffields.
1.7 Identify fthe fdifferent fmethods fthat fare fused fto fmeasure fbrain ffunction fand fstructure.
MULTIPLE fCHOICE
1. What fterm fwas fcoined fby fThomas fWillis fas fa fconsequence fof fthe fcase fof fAnne fGreen?
a. psychopathology
b. cognition
c. neurology
d. psychosis
ANS: f C DIF: Easy REF: f1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
fOBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Remembering
2. Aside ffrom fsaving fAnne fGreen’s flife, fThomas fWillis fand fChristopher fWren falso
a. created fvery faccurate fdrawings fof fthe fbrain.
b. came fup fwith fthe fnames fof fa fnumber fof fbrain fstructures.
c. took fthe ffirst fsteps fthat fled fto fcognitive fneuroscience.
d. All fof fthe fanswer foptions fare fcorrect.
ANS: f D DIF: Medium REF: f1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
fOBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Understanding
3. Each fof fthe ffollowing fare freasons fwhy fWillis fis fconsidered fone fof fthe fearly ffigures fin fcognitive
fneuroscience fEXCEPT:
a. He fnamed fmany fbrain fparts.
b. He fgave ffrequent flectures fon fspecific fbrain fregions.
c. He fwas famong fthe ffirst fto flink fbehavioral fdeficits fto fbrain fdamage.
d. He fcreated fvery faccurate fbrain fimages.
ANS: f B DIF: Medium REF: f1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
fOBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Remembering
4. While fstudying fbrain ffunction, fit fis foften fuseful fto fthink fof fdevelopment fin fterms fof ,
fwhich fis fthe fperspective fof .
a. cognition; fcognitive fneuroscience c. blood fflow; fmagnetic fresonance fimaging
b. survival; fevolution d. f dysfunction; fpsychopathology
ANS: f B DIF: Difficult REF: 1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
OBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Analyzing
, 5. Which fstance fwould fmost flikely fhold fan fassumption fthat fphysical felements fof fthe fbrain fare fresponsible
ffor fthe fconscious fmind?
a. monism c. dualism
b. behaviorism d. f relativism
ANS: f A DIF: Medium REF: f 1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
OBJ: f 1.1 MSC: Analyzing
6. René fDescartes fposited fthat fthe fmind fwas fseparate ffrom fthe fbody. fHowever, fhe fimplicated fa fsingle
fbrain fstructure, fthe fpineal fgland, fas fhaving fwhat ffunction?
a. regulating ffeelings fand femotions c. moderating fcognitive fprocesses
b. connecting fthe fmind fand fthe fbody d. f adjusting fbehavior
ANS: f B DIF: Easy REF: f1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
fOBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Remembering
7. Considering fthe fperspective frecommended ffor fapproaching fcognitive fneuroscience, fwhich fof fthe
ffollowing fwould fbest fexplain fhow fa fcognitive ffunction fmay fhave fdeveloped?
a. learning fand freward c. neurological fdysfunction
b. integration fwith ftechnology d. f hunting fand fgathering
ANS: f D DIF: Difficult REF: 1.1 fA fHistorical fPerspective
OBJ: f 1.1 MSC: f Analyzing
8. Afcentral fissue fof fmodern fcognitive fneuroscience fis fwhether fspecific fhuman fcognitive fabilities
a. arise ffrom fnetworks fof fbrain fareas fworking ftogether.
b. are fdetermined fby fthe fshape fand fsize fof fthe fhuman fskull for fthe fbrain fbeneath.
c. are fbest fstudied fusing fthe fscientific fmethod.
d. can fbe fbest fidentified fusing fthe fGolgi fsilver fmethod fof fstaining for ffMRI.
ANS: f A DIF: Medium REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Understanding
9. The fdiscipline fof fphrenology fwas ffounded fby
a. Broca fand fWernicke. c. Ramón fy fCajal fand fSherrington.
b. Fritsch fand fHitzig. d. f Gall fand fSpurzheim.
ANS: f D DIF: Easy REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Remembering
10. Phrenologists fbelieved fthat fthe fcontour fof fthe fskull fcould fprovide fvaluable finformation fabout fan
individual’s fcognitive fcapacities fand fpersonality ftraits. fThis fapproach fwas fbased fon fthe fassumption fthat
a. skull fprotrusions fare fcaused fby fdisproportionate fdevelopment fof fthe fbrain fareas fbeneath
fthem, fwhich fare fresponsible ffor fdifferent fspecific ffunctions.
b. certain ftraits fsuch fas faggressiveness flead fto flife fexperiences fand finjuries fthat falter fthe
fshape fof fthe fskull fin fspecific fways.
c. life fexperiences fand finjuries fthat falter fthe fshape fof fthe fskull fin fspecific fways flead fto fcertain
ftraits, fsuch fas faggressiveness.
d. the fdevelopment fof fthe fskull fbones fdirectly finfluences fthe fconfiguration fof fthe fsoft fbrain
fareas fbeneath fthem, fwhich fare fresponsible ffor fdifferent fspecific ffunctions.
ANS: f A DIF: Difficult REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Evaluating
11. Localizationist fis fto as fholistic fis fto .
a. Wernicke; fGall c. Flourens; fBroca
, b. Gall; fFlourens d. f Broca; fWernicke
ANS: f B DIF: Medium REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Understanding
12. Gall’s fmethod ffor finvestigating fphrenology fwas fflawed fbecause
a. he fused fthe fwrong flanguage fto fexplain fthe fcharacteristics fhe fobserved.
b. he fdid fnot ftell fNapoleon fBonaparte fthat fhe fpossessed fnoble fcharacteristics.
c. he fsought fonly fto fconfirm, fnot fdisprove, fthe fcorrelations fhe fobserved.
d. he fused fhis fown fskull fas fthe fbase fmodel.
ANS: f C DIF: Easy REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Remembering
13. The fview fknown fas faggregate ffield ftheory, fwhich fstated fthat fthe fwhole fbrain fparticipates fin fbehavior,
fis fmost fassociated fwith
a. Broca. c. Brodmann.
b. Hughlings fJackson. d. f Flourens.
ANS: f D DIF: Easy REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Remembering
14. The fkey fobservation fleading fJohn fHughlings fJackson fto fpropose fa ftopographical forganization fin fthe
fcerebral fcortex fwas fthat
a. speech fdisturbances fcould fbe fidentified fby fleft-hemisphere flesions.
b. the ftwo fhemispheres fof fthe fbrain fserved fdifferent ffunctions.
c. seizures fbegin fin fa flocalized fregion fof fthe fcortex.
d. focal fbrain fdamage fcauses fspecific fbehavioral fdeficits.
ANS: f C DIF: Difficult REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Analyzing
15. In fdeveloping fphrenology, fGall’s fmain ffailure fwas fthat
a. he fdid fnot fseek fdisconfirming fevidence.
b. he fwas fnot fa fscientist.
c. his fmethod fwas fcorrelational.
d. All fof fthe fanswer foptions fare fcorrect.
ANS: f D DIF: Difficult REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Analyzing
16. Giovanni fvisits fhis flocal fphrenologist. fWhat fis fthis fperson flikely fto ftell fhim?
a. You fare fa fdomineering fperson.
b. Your ffather fwas fa fvery fdomineering fperson.
c. Your fbrother fis fa fdomineering fperson.
d. Your fmother fwas fa fvery fdomineering fperson.
ANS: f A DIF: Medium REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
fOBJ: f 1.2 MSC: f Applying
17. The fview fdeveloped fby fMarie fJean fPierre fFlourens, fbased fon fthe fidea fthat fprocesses flike flanguage fand
fmemory fcannot fbe flocalized fwithin fcircumscribed fbrain fregions, fwas fknown fas
a. the fneuron fdoctrine. c. rationalism.
b. aggregate ffield ftheory. d. fthe flaw fof feffect.
ANS: f B
f DIF: Easy REF: f1.2 fThe fBrain fStory
