Transcription synthesis
of RNA DNA H-bond a
complementary base
pairing
using a
-
template ·
RNA polymerase separate DNA
·
produce mRNA
> messenger
-
·
add nucleotide :
A-T . G -
<
·
in nucleus ·
form temporal H-bond with template strand
RNA
-
polymerase * In RNA there's
·
,
no T ,
only (
51
I
3
·
=
eg
. Template : AT ACTCAACT
Stages :
Coding :
TA TGAGTTGA
↓ ↓
Initiation
breaking mRNA :
VA L GAGUUGA
stage ↑ H-bond => same as
coding strand but T u
ni
,
->
un
binda separate DNA
·
RNA polymerase Amino acid :
Met Ser
-
Stop
Elongation stage (make longer · DNA is transcribe
many times
=> remain stable a
· builds MRNA on template/antisens strand unchanged
i
the other one :
coding/sense strand
Translation - synthesis of protein by using mRNA
·
one base at a time , add free RNA nucleotides Spolypeptidel?
Termination stage
mRNA released
Expression of genes -
using genes
synthesisotein
· when
reaching termination ,
· Some are active >
-
code for protein :
* initiation RNA
Transcription ,
polymerase bind promotor .
X start
some are not o
non-coding
codon ·
every cell has same gene , it just about whether
it's expressed or silenced
- transcription
regulating
lead
↳a may cell
to differentiate
, · in free/bounded ribosomes
·
mRNA ,
ribosome , tRNA
Ribosome
-
structure
brings m/tRNAs together orientated
correctly
·
·
consists :
URNA & proteins
·
small & large subunits
·
3
binding site for tRNA
·
mRNA binds to small subunits
tRNA binds to
large subunits
-
·
#A >
-
·
single strand , folds to clover-leaf shape that has
double-stranded & 3 hairpin loop
region
specific to
#recognizingcoo
· each is
of acid
1
type amino
after
binding d
·
to
responding codon in
S
mRNA it ,
bring the
amino acid to the end of the polypeptide chain
L
of RNA DNA H-bond a
complementary base
pairing
using a
-
template ·
RNA polymerase separate DNA
·
produce mRNA
> messenger
-
·
add nucleotide :
A-T . G -
<
·
in nucleus ·
form temporal H-bond with template strand
RNA
-
polymerase * In RNA there's
·
,
no T ,
only (
51
I
3
·
=
eg
. Template : AT ACTCAACT
Stages :
Coding :
TA TGAGTTGA
↓ ↓
Initiation
breaking mRNA :
VA L GAGUUGA
stage ↑ H-bond => same as
coding strand but T u
ni
,
->
un
binda separate DNA
·
RNA polymerase Amino acid :
Met Ser
-
Stop
Elongation stage (make longer · DNA is transcribe
many times
=> remain stable a
· builds MRNA on template/antisens strand unchanged
i
the other one :
coding/sense strand
Translation - synthesis of protein by using mRNA
·
one base at a time , add free RNA nucleotides Spolypeptidel?
Termination stage
mRNA released
Expression of genes -
using genes
synthesisotein
· when
reaching termination ,
· Some are active >
-
code for protein :
* initiation RNA
Transcription ,
polymerase bind promotor .
X start
some are not o
non-coding
codon ·
every cell has same gene , it just about whether
it's expressed or silenced
- transcription
regulating
lead
↳a may cell
to differentiate
, · in free/bounded ribosomes
·
mRNA ,
ribosome , tRNA
Ribosome
-
structure
brings m/tRNAs together orientated
correctly
·
·
consists :
URNA & proteins
·
small & large subunits
·
3
binding site for tRNA
·
mRNA binds to small subunits
tRNA binds to
large subunits
-
·
#A >
-
·
single strand , folds to clover-leaf shape that has
double-stranded & 3 hairpin loop
region
specific to
#recognizingcoo
· each is
of acid
1
type amino
after
binding d
·
to
responding codon in
S
mRNA it ,
bring the
amino acid to the end of the polypeptide chain
L
