AP US History Review Guide 2025
GRADED A LATEST VERSION 250
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
{with practice exams}EXAM
ERABORATION
Mercantilism - CORRECT ANSWER European government policies of the 16th-
18th centuries designed to promote overseas trade between a country & its
colonies and accumulate precious metals by requiring colonies to trade only with
their motherland country.
New Amsterdam - CORRECT ANSWER A settlement established by the Dutch near
the mouth of Hudson River and the southern end of Manhattan Island. Annexed by
the English in 1664.
New France (1608) - CORRECT ANSWER A French colony in North America. Fell to
the British in 1763.
Treaty of Utrecht (1713) - CORRECT ANSWER Ended the War of Spanish
Succession & recognized France's Philip V as Kind of Spain, but prohibited the
unification of the French and Spanish monarchies; gave England profitable lands in
North America from France.
Jamestown (1607) - CORRECT ANSWER First permanent English settlement in the
New World located in Virginia on the Chesapeake Bay/James River; settled by the
Virginia Company of London.
*History:*
Original settlers suffered from disease (especially malaria), internal strife, &
starvation.
*Leaders:*
*John Smith* - Demanded that "He who does not work, will not eat."
*John Rolfe* - Introduced tobacco to the colony.
,Bacon's Rebellion (1676) - CORRECT ANSWER Rebellion of discontent former
landless servants led by Nathaniel Bacon.
*Historical Significance:*
Led to a move from indentured servants to African slaves for labor purposes.
Plymouth (1620) - CORRECT ANSWER The first permanent English settlement in
New England; established by religious separatists seeking autonomy from the
church of England.
Pilgrims - CORRECT ANSWER Group of Puritan separatists who established
Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts to seek religious freedom after having lived
briefly in the Netherlands.
Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630) - CORRECT ANSWER Home to many Puritans
who left England because of the persecution they faced from the Anglican Church.
*History:*
Developed into a theocracy in which the church was central to all decisions;
became the first English colony to establish the basis for a representative
government.
*Leaders:*
*John Winthrop* - Envisioned the colony as a "City upon a Hill."
Puritans - CORRECT ANSWER English religious sect who hoped to "purify" the
Anglican church of Roman Catholic traces in practice & organization.
John Winthrop - CORRECT ANSWER Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony who
was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative
policy; envisioned the colony as a "city upon a hill" from which Puritans would
spread religious righteousness throughout the world.
Roger Williams - CORRECT ANSWER Puritan dissenter who advocated of religious
freedom, the separation of church & state, & fair dealings with Native Americans;
convicted of sedition & heresy & banished from the colony; founded Providence
Plantation (RI) in 1636.
,Anne Hutchinson - CORRECT ANSWER Puritan dissenter who challenged the
authority of the ministers, exposing the subordination of women in the culture of
colonial Massachusetts; tried, convicted, & banished from the colony in 1637.
William Penn - CORRECT ANSWER An English Quaker who founded Pennsylvania
in 1682 as a "holy experiment" based on religious tolerance.
Maryland Toleration Act (1649) - CORRECT ANSWER The first law on religious
tolerance in the British North America; allowed freedom of worship for all
Christians - including Catholics - in Maryland, but sentenced to death anyone who
denied the divinity of Jesus.
First Great Awakening - CORRECT ANSWER Religious revival movement during
the 1730s and 1740s; stressed the need for individuals to repent and urged a
personal understanding of truth.
*Leaders:*
*George Whitefield*
*Jonathan Edwards* - "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
*Historical Significance:*
Reduced the number of church leaders and led to a schism within the Protestant
Church.
Stono Rebellion (1739) - CORRECT ANSWER The most serious slave rebellion in
the the colonial period; inspired in part by Spanish officials' promise of freedom for
American slaves who escaped to Florida.
*Historical Significance:*
Led to the Negro Act of 1740 prohibiting slaves from growing their own food,
assembling in groups, earning money, or learning to read and making it more
difficult to free slaves.
French & Indian War (1754-1763) - CORRECT ANSWER The name for the North
American theater of the Seven Years War & was a successful attempt to move the
French out of the Ohio Valley & to stop Indian raids on frontier settlements.
*Historical Significance:*
Colonists gained pride in their own military strength, felt more disconnected from
Britain, & were left without fear of French a invasion.
, Albany Plan of Union (1754) - CORRECT ANSWER Plan proposed by Benjamin
Franklin that sought to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other
purposes; the plan was turned down by the colonies & the Crown.
William Pitt - CORRECT ANSWER Statesman who led Britain during the French &
Indian War; his decision to pour the full resources of the British Treasury onto the
contest & dramatically increase the number of British forces fighting in North
America was largely responsible for Britain's victory.
Fort Duquesne - CORRECT ANSWER French fort that was site of first major battle
of French & Indian War; General Washington led unsuccessful attack on French
troops & was then defeated at Fort Necessity, marking beginning of conflict.
Peace of Paris (1763) - CORRECT ANSWER Ended French and Indian War
*Terms:*
Britain gained all of French Canada & all territory south of Canada & east of the
Mississippi River.
France & Spain lost their West Indian colonies.
Britain gained Spanish Florida.
Spain gained French territory west of the Mississippi, including control of the port
city of New Orleans.
Chief Pontiac - CORRECT ANSWER Ottawa Indian who led a rebellion against the
British occupying the western parts of the American colonies after the French &
Indian War.
Salutary Neglect - CORRECT ANSWER Prime Minister Robert Walpole's policy in
dealing with the American colonies. He was primarily concerned with British affairs
& believed that unrestricted trade in the colonies would be more profitable for
England than would taxation of the colonies.
Navigation Laws - CORRECT ANSWER A series of strict British trade policies
designed to promote English shipping & control colonial trade in regard to
important crops (such as tobacco) & resources, which had to be shipped
exclusively on British ships.
GRADED A LATEST VERSION 250
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
{with practice exams}EXAM
ERABORATION
Mercantilism - CORRECT ANSWER European government policies of the 16th-
18th centuries designed to promote overseas trade between a country & its
colonies and accumulate precious metals by requiring colonies to trade only with
their motherland country.
New Amsterdam - CORRECT ANSWER A settlement established by the Dutch near
the mouth of Hudson River and the southern end of Manhattan Island. Annexed by
the English in 1664.
New France (1608) - CORRECT ANSWER A French colony in North America. Fell to
the British in 1763.
Treaty of Utrecht (1713) - CORRECT ANSWER Ended the War of Spanish
Succession & recognized France's Philip V as Kind of Spain, but prohibited the
unification of the French and Spanish monarchies; gave England profitable lands in
North America from France.
Jamestown (1607) - CORRECT ANSWER First permanent English settlement in the
New World located in Virginia on the Chesapeake Bay/James River; settled by the
Virginia Company of London.
*History:*
Original settlers suffered from disease (especially malaria), internal strife, &
starvation.
*Leaders:*
*John Smith* - Demanded that "He who does not work, will not eat."
*John Rolfe* - Introduced tobacco to the colony.
,Bacon's Rebellion (1676) - CORRECT ANSWER Rebellion of discontent former
landless servants led by Nathaniel Bacon.
*Historical Significance:*
Led to a move from indentured servants to African slaves for labor purposes.
Plymouth (1620) - CORRECT ANSWER The first permanent English settlement in
New England; established by religious separatists seeking autonomy from the
church of England.
Pilgrims - CORRECT ANSWER Group of Puritan separatists who established
Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts to seek religious freedom after having lived
briefly in the Netherlands.
Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630) - CORRECT ANSWER Home to many Puritans
who left England because of the persecution they faced from the Anglican Church.
*History:*
Developed into a theocracy in which the church was central to all decisions;
became the first English colony to establish the basis for a representative
government.
*Leaders:*
*John Winthrop* - Envisioned the colony as a "City upon a Hill."
Puritans - CORRECT ANSWER English religious sect who hoped to "purify" the
Anglican church of Roman Catholic traces in practice & organization.
John Winthrop - CORRECT ANSWER Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony who
was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative
policy; envisioned the colony as a "city upon a hill" from which Puritans would
spread religious righteousness throughout the world.
Roger Williams - CORRECT ANSWER Puritan dissenter who advocated of religious
freedom, the separation of church & state, & fair dealings with Native Americans;
convicted of sedition & heresy & banished from the colony; founded Providence
Plantation (RI) in 1636.
,Anne Hutchinson - CORRECT ANSWER Puritan dissenter who challenged the
authority of the ministers, exposing the subordination of women in the culture of
colonial Massachusetts; tried, convicted, & banished from the colony in 1637.
William Penn - CORRECT ANSWER An English Quaker who founded Pennsylvania
in 1682 as a "holy experiment" based on religious tolerance.
Maryland Toleration Act (1649) - CORRECT ANSWER The first law on religious
tolerance in the British North America; allowed freedom of worship for all
Christians - including Catholics - in Maryland, but sentenced to death anyone who
denied the divinity of Jesus.
First Great Awakening - CORRECT ANSWER Religious revival movement during
the 1730s and 1740s; stressed the need for individuals to repent and urged a
personal understanding of truth.
*Leaders:*
*George Whitefield*
*Jonathan Edwards* - "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
*Historical Significance:*
Reduced the number of church leaders and led to a schism within the Protestant
Church.
Stono Rebellion (1739) - CORRECT ANSWER The most serious slave rebellion in
the the colonial period; inspired in part by Spanish officials' promise of freedom for
American slaves who escaped to Florida.
*Historical Significance:*
Led to the Negro Act of 1740 prohibiting slaves from growing their own food,
assembling in groups, earning money, or learning to read and making it more
difficult to free slaves.
French & Indian War (1754-1763) - CORRECT ANSWER The name for the North
American theater of the Seven Years War & was a successful attempt to move the
French out of the Ohio Valley & to stop Indian raids on frontier settlements.
*Historical Significance:*
Colonists gained pride in their own military strength, felt more disconnected from
Britain, & were left without fear of French a invasion.
, Albany Plan of Union (1754) - CORRECT ANSWER Plan proposed by Benjamin
Franklin that sought to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other
purposes; the plan was turned down by the colonies & the Crown.
William Pitt - CORRECT ANSWER Statesman who led Britain during the French &
Indian War; his decision to pour the full resources of the British Treasury onto the
contest & dramatically increase the number of British forces fighting in North
America was largely responsible for Britain's victory.
Fort Duquesne - CORRECT ANSWER French fort that was site of first major battle
of French & Indian War; General Washington led unsuccessful attack on French
troops & was then defeated at Fort Necessity, marking beginning of conflict.
Peace of Paris (1763) - CORRECT ANSWER Ended French and Indian War
*Terms:*
Britain gained all of French Canada & all territory south of Canada & east of the
Mississippi River.
France & Spain lost their West Indian colonies.
Britain gained Spanish Florida.
Spain gained French territory west of the Mississippi, including control of the port
city of New Orleans.
Chief Pontiac - CORRECT ANSWER Ottawa Indian who led a rebellion against the
British occupying the western parts of the American colonies after the French &
Indian War.
Salutary Neglect - CORRECT ANSWER Prime Minister Robert Walpole's policy in
dealing with the American colonies. He was primarily concerned with British affairs
& believed that unrestricted trade in the colonies would be more profitable for
England than would taxation of the colonies.
Navigation Laws - CORRECT ANSWER A series of strict British trade policies
designed to promote English shipping & control colonial trade in regard to
important crops (such as tobacco) & resources, which had to be shipped
exclusively on British ships.
