©THESTAR 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FLUOROSCOPY AAPA EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
Gray - ANS The SI unit of the absorbed dose is the:
Relative biological effectiveness - ANS Is a term used to compare the effects of radiation on
living systems:
80% - ANS What percentage of a cell is water?
Tunica Fibrosa - ANS What is the protective layer of the eyeball, or globe?
The lubricating effects of blinking - ANS What is an orbital defense against infection?
1-2 weeks - ANS Older, damaged cells of the corneal epithelium are shed from the eye during
blinking or tearing. The cells is this layer are repopulated how often?
1. Fiber cells contain more cholesterol than any other than any other cell in the human body.
2. Fiber cells produce crystallin, a protein that helps determine how well the lens refracts light.
3. The loss of fiber cells contributes to the formation of cataracts. - ANS What 3 things are
true about the fiber cells of the lens?
Neuron ganglia - ANS Which structures trigger aversion reflexes when potentially dangerous
intense light hits the retina?
, ©THESTAR 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Photoreceptor Transduction - ANS What is the process by which rod and cone cells transform
light energy into nerve impulses?
What are characteristics of deterministic radiation effects? - ANS 1. The severity of damage
to tissue is dose dependent.
2. A dose threshold exists such that the probability of damage from low doses is negligible.
True - ANS True or false: radiation-induced cataracts can result from a single high dose or
from chronic low-dose exposure of the lens, which is why occupational exposures over time
represent a major concern for fluoroscopy operators.
Linear no-threshold - ANS The as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) principle is based on
what model?
10 - ANS Children are up to how many times more sensitive to tissue and DNA damage from
ionizing radiation than are adults?
5% per Sv - ANS The risk of any radiation-induced cancer from a single fluoroscopic exam is
what percent per Sv?
Sebaceous Carcinoma - ANS According to the article, which cancer of the eyelid has been
linked to ionizing radiation and ultraviolet sunlight?
Keratitis - ANS What is another name for corneal ulcers?
False - ANS True or false: a single well-defined lower dose threshold has been established for
radiation cataracts.
20 mSv - ANS According to the International Commision on Radiological Protection, the
annual limit for occupational exposure to the eye lens is how many mSv?
, ©THESTAR 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
1.3 to 2 Gy - ANS Based on studies of atomic bomb survivors published in the 1960s, experts
believe that radiation cataract formation requires a single dose of 1.3Gy to what?
Procedures are more complex and time consuming - ANS Why have radiation doses and
reports of significant tissue injury from interventional fluoroscopy procedures increased over
the last two decades?
1. Duration
2. Distance
3. Protection - ANS What 3 principles are used to manage radiation exposure to patients and
healthcare personnel?
Kerma-area product (KAP) - ANS With respect to fluoroscopic dosimeter, which
measurement is calculated as the air kerma across the x-ray beam and is used as a proxy for
patient dose?
22% - ANS Switching from continuous fluoroscopy mode to pulsed mode of 15 pulses per
secon can reduce the radiation dose by how many percent?
1. Peak skin dose exceeds 3,000 mGy
2. Reference point air kerma exceeds 5,000 mGy
3. Kerma area product exceeds 500 Gy x cm2
4.Fluoroscopic procedure duration exceeds 1 hour - ANS Patients should be monitored for
radiation injury if any one of the following sentinel events occurs?
Bystander effects - ANS Radiation can cause what kind of complex cellular effects in which
the exposure of a given cell population affects radio sensitivity of other cells?
Patients who are likely to receive a radiation dose to the lens, thyroid breast or reproductive
organs and who are pregnant, who have small or very large body masses (body weight <10kg or
>135 kg) or who are children, adolescents, or young adults are at greater risk, particularly from
FLUOROSCOPY AAPA EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
Gray - ANS The SI unit of the absorbed dose is the:
Relative biological effectiveness - ANS Is a term used to compare the effects of radiation on
living systems:
80% - ANS What percentage of a cell is water?
Tunica Fibrosa - ANS What is the protective layer of the eyeball, or globe?
The lubricating effects of blinking - ANS What is an orbital defense against infection?
1-2 weeks - ANS Older, damaged cells of the corneal epithelium are shed from the eye during
blinking or tearing. The cells is this layer are repopulated how often?
1. Fiber cells contain more cholesterol than any other than any other cell in the human body.
2. Fiber cells produce crystallin, a protein that helps determine how well the lens refracts light.
3. The loss of fiber cells contributes to the formation of cataracts. - ANS What 3 things are
true about the fiber cells of the lens?
Neuron ganglia - ANS Which structures trigger aversion reflexes when potentially dangerous
intense light hits the retina?
, ©THESTAR 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Photoreceptor Transduction - ANS What is the process by which rod and cone cells transform
light energy into nerve impulses?
What are characteristics of deterministic radiation effects? - ANS 1. The severity of damage
to tissue is dose dependent.
2. A dose threshold exists such that the probability of damage from low doses is negligible.
True - ANS True or false: radiation-induced cataracts can result from a single high dose or
from chronic low-dose exposure of the lens, which is why occupational exposures over time
represent a major concern for fluoroscopy operators.
Linear no-threshold - ANS The as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) principle is based on
what model?
10 - ANS Children are up to how many times more sensitive to tissue and DNA damage from
ionizing radiation than are adults?
5% per Sv - ANS The risk of any radiation-induced cancer from a single fluoroscopic exam is
what percent per Sv?
Sebaceous Carcinoma - ANS According to the article, which cancer of the eyelid has been
linked to ionizing radiation and ultraviolet sunlight?
Keratitis - ANS What is another name for corneal ulcers?
False - ANS True or false: a single well-defined lower dose threshold has been established for
radiation cataracts.
20 mSv - ANS According to the International Commision on Radiological Protection, the
annual limit for occupational exposure to the eye lens is how many mSv?
, ©THESTAR 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
1.3 to 2 Gy - ANS Based on studies of atomic bomb survivors published in the 1960s, experts
believe that radiation cataract formation requires a single dose of 1.3Gy to what?
Procedures are more complex and time consuming - ANS Why have radiation doses and
reports of significant tissue injury from interventional fluoroscopy procedures increased over
the last two decades?
1. Duration
2. Distance
3. Protection - ANS What 3 principles are used to manage radiation exposure to patients and
healthcare personnel?
Kerma-area product (KAP) - ANS With respect to fluoroscopic dosimeter, which
measurement is calculated as the air kerma across the x-ray beam and is used as a proxy for
patient dose?
22% - ANS Switching from continuous fluoroscopy mode to pulsed mode of 15 pulses per
secon can reduce the radiation dose by how many percent?
1. Peak skin dose exceeds 3,000 mGy
2. Reference point air kerma exceeds 5,000 mGy
3. Kerma area product exceeds 500 Gy x cm2
4.Fluoroscopic procedure duration exceeds 1 hour - ANS Patients should be monitored for
radiation injury if any one of the following sentinel events occurs?
Bystander effects - ANS Radiation can cause what kind of complex cellular effects in which
the exposure of a given cell population affects radio sensitivity of other cells?
Patients who are likely to receive a radiation dose to the lens, thyroid breast or reproductive
organs and who are pregnant, who have small or very large body masses (body weight <10kg or
>135 kg) or who are children, adolescents, or young adults are at greater risk, particularly from
