NUR 402 Exam 1 – Comprehensive Questions and Correct
Answers
what is the purpose of taking statins?
manages hypercholemia, decreases LDL, and triglycerides while
increases HDL
examples of statins?
atorvastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin
side effects of statins?
flu-like symptoms (take at bedtime) and Rhabdomyolysis (muscle
pain)
important labs if you are taking a statin?
LFT: ALT/AST
your patient is currently taking pravastatin and is complaining
of muscle aches, what are you going to do?
immediately call the doctor and have them stop taking the
medication.
what is the purpose of antiplatelets?
makes platelets less sticky to prevent platelet aggregation
examples of antiplatelet medications?
aspirin 81mg, clopidogrel (plavix)
side effects of antiplatelets?
stomach discomfort, hepatotoxicity, bleeding/bruising
labs to watch while on antiplatelets?
,ALT/AST, Platelets (PTT)
important infomation regarding antiplatelets?
once you start taking, never stop. do not take omeprazole with
clopidogrel because it stops the effectiveness of clopidogrel
what is the purpose of cilostazol?
inhibits platelet aggregation, increases venous return,
vasodilates, used to treat INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION (PAD)
important information regarding cilostazol?
do not drink grapefruit juice while taking, take 30 minutes before
a meal BID
what is the purpose of pentoxifylline?
vasodilator used to help treat PAD
what is the purpose of an anticoagulant?
thins blood to get through narrowed arteries, prevents thrombi
formation (A Fib)
examples of anticoagulants?
enoxaparin, warfarin, heparin
side effects of anticoagulants?
bleeding!, heparin- thrombocytopenia
labs to watch while patient is on anticoagulants?
heparin- PTT (45-70 seconds)
warfarin- INR (2-3)
warfarin takes 3 days to start working, you must bridge with
heparin in meantime
purpose of nitroglycerin?
, decrease chest pain, decrease preload bu dilating everything,
vasodilator, dilates veins, decreases blood pressure
how should a patient take nitroglycerin while at home?
take one tab every 5 minutes if chest pain is still occurring, after
3 tabs or 15 minutes call 911 immediately
side effects of nitroglycerin?
headaches, orthostatic hypotension
what should you teach patient while taking nitroglycerin?
stand up and move positions slowly, take Tylenol to prevent
headaches
what is the purpose of betablockers and calcium channel
blockers?
decrease heart rate, decrease blood pressure, reduces oxygen
demand for the heart, prevents ventricular remodeling
(hypertrophy), and decreases contractibility
examples of beta blockers?
anything that ends in "lol" such as metoprolol
side effects for beta blockers?
hypotension, bradycardia, bronchospasm
*not safe for asthmatics
examples of calcium channel blockers?
diltiazem, amlodipine, verapamil
side effects for calcium channel blockers?
hypotension, bradycardia, edema
Answers
what is the purpose of taking statins?
manages hypercholemia, decreases LDL, and triglycerides while
increases HDL
examples of statins?
atorvastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin
side effects of statins?
flu-like symptoms (take at bedtime) and Rhabdomyolysis (muscle
pain)
important labs if you are taking a statin?
LFT: ALT/AST
your patient is currently taking pravastatin and is complaining
of muscle aches, what are you going to do?
immediately call the doctor and have them stop taking the
medication.
what is the purpose of antiplatelets?
makes platelets less sticky to prevent platelet aggregation
examples of antiplatelet medications?
aspirin 81mg, clopidogrel (plavix)
side effects of antiplatelets?
stomach discomfort, hepatotoxicity, bleeding/bruising
labs to watch while on antiplatelets?
,ALT/AST, Platelets (PTT)
important infomation regarding antiplatelets?
once you start taking, never stop. do not take omeprazole with
clopidogrel because it stops the effectiveness of clopidogrel
what is the purpose of cilostazol?
inhibits platelet aggregation, increases venous return,
vasodilates, used to treat INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION (PAD)
important information regarding cilostazol?
do not drink grapefruit juice while taking, take 30 minutes before
a meal BID
what is the purpose of pentoxifylline?
vasodilator used to help treat PAD
what is the purpose of an anticoagulant?
thins blood to get through narrowed arteries, prevents thrombi
formation (A Fib)
examples of anticoagulants?
enoxaparin, warfarin, heparin
side effects of anticoagulants?
bleeding!, heparin- thrombocytopenia
labs to watch while patient is on anticoagulants?
heparin- PTT (45-70 seconds)
warfarin- INR (2-3)
warfarin takes 3 days to start working, you must bridge with
heparin in meantime
purpose of nitroglycerin?
, decrease chest pain, decrease preload bu dilating everything,
vasodilator, dilates veins, decreases blood pressure
how should a patient take nitroglycerin while at home?
take one tab every 5 minutes if chest pain is still occurring, after
3 tabs or 15 minutes call 911 immediately
side effects of nitroglycerin?
headaches, orthostatic hypotension
what should you teach patient while taking nitroglycerin?
stand up and move positions slowly, take Tylenol to prevent
headaches
what is the purpose of betablockers and calcium channel
blockers?
decrease heart rate, decrease blood pressure, reduces oxygen
demand for the heart, prevents ventricular remodeling
(hypertrophy), and decreases contractibility
examples of beta blockers?
anything that ends in "lol" such as metoprolol
side effects for beta blockers?
hypotension, bradycardia, bronchospasm
*not safe for asthmatics
examples of calcium channel blockers?
diltiazem, amlodipine, verapamil
side effects for calcium channel blockers?
hypotension, bradycardia, edema
