TEST BANK For Evolutionary Psychology 6th Edition b
m m m m m m m
y David Buss m m
MultiplemChoicemQuestions
1. Which mof mthemfollowingmquestionsmismNOTmamfocusmof mevolutionary mpsychology? m(c)
(a) Why mismthemmind mdesigned mthemway mthatmitmis?
(b ) Howmdo mthemcomponentsmof mthemmind minteractmwith mthemenvironment?
(c) Whatmismthemrelationship mbetween mthemhuman mmind mand mthemBigmBang?
(d ) Whatmaremthemfunctionsmof mthemcomponentsmof mthemhuman mmind?
2. Evolution mrefersmto m .m(a)
(a) changesmin mgenemfrequency mwithin mampopulation movermtime
(b ) differencesmbetween mspecies
(c) changesmovermtimemin mthemshapemof mthemhuman mskull
(d ) differencesmbetween mmen mand mwomen
3. Changemin mlifemformsmovermtimemwasmsuggested .m(b)
(a) firstmby mDarwin
(b ) wellmbefore mDarwin’smtime
(c) wellmaftermDarwin’smtime
(d ) firstmby mGeorge mWilliams
4. Which mof mthemfollowingmargumentsmdid mLamarck mpresent? m(d)
(a) Speciesmoriginatemfrommmicroscopic malgae.
(b ) Speciesmprogressmtoward mamlowermform.
(c) acquisition mof minherited mcharacteristics.
(d ) inheritance mof macquired mcharacteristics.
5. Accordingmto mCuvier’smtheory mof mcatastrophism, mspeciesmare .m(a)
(a) exterminated mby msudden mcatastrophesmand mreplaced mby mdifferentmspecies
(b ) irradiated mby msudden mcatastrophes, mthereaftermreplacingmothermspecies
(c) exterminated mby mgradualmelimination mduemto mdisease,mleavingmroommformnewmspecies
(d ) irradiated mand mextinguished, mand mreplaced mby mthemsamemspecies
6. Which mofmthemfollowingmcluesmtomchangeminmorganicmstructuremovermtimemweremnotmknownmormnoted mpri
ormto mDarwin? m(d)
(a) cross-speciesmstructuralmsimilarities
(b ) cross-speciesmembryologicalmsimilarities
(c) apparentmfunction mof mtraits
(d ) mechanism mto mexplain mchangemin morganic mstructuremovermtime
7. Which mof mthemfollowingmismNOTman mexample mof mgeneticmdrift?m(a)
(a) naturalmselection
(b ) foundermeffect
(c) geneticmbottleneck
(d ) mutation
8. Which mofmthemfollowingmismNOTmonemofmthemthreemessentialmprocessesmidentifiedmby mDarwin’smtheor
y mof mevolution mby mnaturalmselection? m(b)
(a) variation
(b ) particulation
(c) selection
(d ) inheritance
,9. providesmthem“rawmmaterials” mformevolution.m(a)
(a) Variation
(b ) Particulation
(c) Selection
(d ) Inheritance
10. Formevolution mto mwork,msuccessfulmvariationsmmustmbem
,mormpassed mdown mreliably mfrommparentmto moffspring.m(d)
(a) variated
(b ) particulated
(c) selected
(d ) inherited
11. Themprocessmof m
refersmto mthemcomponentmofmDarwin’smtheorymofmevolutionmthatmstatesmthatmorganismsmwithmsomemheritab
lemattributesmleavemmoremoffspringmbecause mthosemattributesmhelpmwithmthemtasksmofmsurvivalmandmreproductio
n.m(c)
(a) variation
(b ) particulation
(c) selection
(d ) inheritance
12. In mcontrastmtomthemtheorymofmnaturalmselection,mwhich mfocusedmonmadaptationsmthatmhavemarisen masmamco
nsequence mof msuccessfulmsurvival,mthemtheory mof m
focused mon madaptationsmthatmhavemarisen masmamconsequence mof msuccessfulmmating.m(a)
(a) sexualmselection
(b ) internalmselection
(c) externalmselection
(d ) socialmselection
13. Themwork mof mGregormMendelmdocumented mthatm .m(c)
(a) evolution mismunlikely mto mhavemoccurred min mpeamplants
(b ) evolution mismunlikely mto mhavemoccurred min mpeamgenes
(c) inheritance mismparticulate,mnotmblended
(d ) inheritance mismblended,mnotmparticulate
14. Am
ismthemsmallestmdiscretemunitmthatmisminheritedmby moffspringmintact,mwithoutmbeingmbrokenmup mormblende
d.m(d)
(a) genotype
(b ) phenotype
(c) meme
(d ) gene
15. Ethologistsmareminterestedmin mfourmkeymissues,mwhichmbecamemknownmasmthemfourm“whys”mofmbehaviorma
dvancedmbymNiko mTinbergen,mamfoundermofmethology.mWhich mofmthemfollowingmismnotmonemofmthemfourm“whys
”mof mbehavior? m(a)
(a) imprinted minfluencesmof mbehavior
(b ) immediate minfluencesmof mbehavior
(c) developmentalminfluencesmof mbehavior
(d ) function mof mbehavior
,16. Accordingmto mHamilton m(1954),m
ismthemsummof mclassicalmfitnessmplusmthemeffectsmthemindividual’smactionsmhavemonmthemreproductivemsucce
ssmof mhismormhermgeneticmrelatives,mweighted mby mthemdegreemof mgeneticmrelatedness.m(c)
(a) directmfitness
(b ) indirectmfitness
(c) inclusive mfitness
(d ) exclusive mfitness
17. Which mof mthemfollowingmrelativesmismleastmrelated mto myou,mgenetically? m(d)
(a) grandmother
(b ) niece
(c) half-brother
(d ) firstmcousin
18. Williams’sm(1966)mbook mclarified mthemconceptmof m
,man mevolvedmsolution mtomamspecificmproblemmthatmcontributesmdirectly mormindirectlymto msuccessfulmrepr
oduction.m(c)
(a) geneticmdrift
(b ) byproduct
(c) adaptation
(d ) exaptation
19. Which mof mthemfollowingmtheoriesmwasmnotmpresented mby mTriversmin mthemearly m1970s? m(b)
(a) theory mof mparentalminvestment
(b ) theory mof mgenemselection
(c) theory mof mreciprocalmaltruism
(d ) theory mof mparent-offspringmconflict
20. Edward mO.mWilson’sm1975 mbookmignitedmcontroversymformthemassertion mthatmmuchmofmhumanmbehaviormc
ould mbemexplained mby m .m(b)
(a) socialization
(b ) evolutionary mbiology
(c) inclusive mfitnessmtheory
(d ) ethology
21. Themlastmchaptermon mhumansmin mEdward mO.mWilson’sm1975 mbook mwasm .m(b)
(a) based mon mresearch mdocumentingmthemimportance mof mcognition min mhuman mbehavior
(b ) based mon mlittlemempiricalmwork
(c) controversialmbecause mitmportrayedmhumansmasmbeingmsubjectmtomdifferentmevolutionary mforcesmthanmot
hermanimals
(d ) controversialmbecause mitmdid mnotmaccountmformthemrolemof mculturemin mshapingmbehavior
22. Which mof mthemfollowingmismNOTmammisunderstandingmof mevolutionary mtheory?m(d)
(a) geneticmdeterminism
(b ) Behaviormismimperviousmto mchange.
(c) Adaptationsmaremoptimally mdesigned.
(d ) Adaptationsmaremdesigned mto mconfrontmenvironmentalmproblems.
23. Genetic mdeterminism mimpliesmthatm .m(a)
(a) genesmdetermine mbehavior
(b ) behaviormismcaused mby mtheminteraction mof mgenesmand menvironment
(c) culturemdeterminesmallmbehavior
, (d ) if mamtraitmismnatural,mitmism“good”
24. Human mbehaviormcannotmoccurmwithoutmwhich mof mthemfollowingmsetsmof mtwo mingredients? m(c)
(a) culturemand msocialization
(b ) psychologicalmmachinery mand mnaturalmselection
(c) adaptationsmand menvironmentalminput
(d ) environmentalminputmand mdevelopmentalmactivation
25. Knowledge maboutmevolved msocialmpsychologicalmadaptationsm .m(d)
(a) providesmevidence mthatmgenesmplay mthemmostmimportantmrolemin mshapingmbehavior
(b ) suggestsmthatmhumansmaremdifferentmfrommallmothermanimals
(c) suggestsmthatmbehaviormismnotmmodifiable
(d ) givesmusmpowermto mchange mtargeted mbehaviors
26. Which mof mthemfollowingmdoesmnotmdescribe mevolved mpsychologicalmmechanisms? m(a)
(a) Evolved mpsychologicalmmechanismsmaremoptimally mdesigned.
(b ) Evolved mpsychologicalmmechanismsmaremnotmoptimally mdesigned.
(c) Evolved mpsychologicalmmechanismsmaremassociated mwith mcosts.
(d ) Adaptationsmwork mreasonably mwellmatmsolvingmadaptive mproblems.
27. Which mof mthemfollowingmismnotmamcriticalmdevelopmentmin mthemevolutionary mhistory mof mhumans? m(a)
(a) descentmfrommmammals
(b ) bipedalmlocomotion
(c) developmentmof magriculture
(d ) brain mexpansion
28. Themcommon mancestormof mallmmodern mhumansmcan mbemtraced mback mto m yearsmago.m(b)
(a) 35–40 mthousand
(b ) 120–150 mthousand
(c) 27 mmillion
(d ) 30 mmillion
29. WilliammJamesmwasmonemof mthemfirstmto mpositmthatmhumansmhavem
instinctsmthan/from mothermanimals.m(c)
(a) fewer
(b ) equalmbutmdifferent
(c) more
(d ) different
30. Behaviorism mwasmamdirectmreaction mto m .m(d)
(a) Darwin’smtheory mof mnaturalmselection
(b ) themcognitive mrevolution
(c) classicalmconditioning
(d ) James’smpsychology mof minstincts
31. Classicalmconditioningmdiffered mfrommoperantmconditioningmin mthemrolemgiven mto m
in mhuman mbehavior. m(a)
(a) reinforcement
(b ) radicalmbehaviorism
(c) culture
(d ) instincts
m m m m m m m
y David Buss m m
MultiplemChoicemQuestions
1. Which mof mthemfollowingmquestionsmismNOTmamfocusmof mevolutionary mpsychology? m(c)
(a) Why mismthemmind mdesigned mthemway mthatmitmis?
(b ) Howmdo mthemcomponentsmof mthemmind minteractmwith mthemenvironment?
(c) Whatmismthemrelationship mbetween mthemhuman mmind mand mthemBigmBang?
(d ) Whatmaremthemfunctionsmof mthemcomponentsmof mthemhuman mmind?
2. Evolution mrefersmto m .m(a)
(a) changesmin mgenemfrequency mwithin mampopulation movermtime
(b ) differencesmbetween mspecies
(c) changesmovermtimemin mthemshapemof mthemhuman mskull
(d ) differencesmbetween mmen mand mwomen
3. Changemin mlifemformsmovermtimemwasmsuggested .m(b)
(a) firstmby mDarwin
(b ) wellmbefore mDarwin’smtime
(c) wellmaftermDarwin’smtime
(d ) firstmby mGeorge mWilliams
4. Which mof mthemfollowingmargumentsmdid mLamarck mpresent? m(d)
(a) Speciesmoriginatemfrommmicroscopic malgae.
(b ) Speciesmprogressmtoward mamlowermform.
(c) acquisition mof minherited mcharacteristics.
(d ) inheritance mof macquired mcharacteristics.
5. Accordingmto mCuvier’smtheory mof mcatastrophism, mspeciesmare .m(a)
(a) exterminated mby msudden mcatastrophesmand mreplaced mby mdifferentmspecies
(b ) irradiated mby msudden mcatastrophes, mthereaftermreplacingmothermspecies
(c) exterminated mby mgradualmelimination mduemto mdisease,mleavingmroommformnewmspecies
(d ) irradiated mand mextinguished, mand mreplaced mby mthemsamemspecies
6. Which mofmthemfollowingmcluesmtomchangeminmorganicmstructuremovermtimemweremnotmknownmormnoted mpri
ormto mDarwin? m(d)
(a) cross-speciesmstructuralmsimilarities
(b ) cross-speciesmembryologicalmsimilarities
(c) apparentmfunction mof mtraits
(d ) mechanism mto mexplain mchangemin morganic mstructuremovermtime
7. Which mof mthemfollowingmismNOTman mexample mof mgeneticmdrift?m(a)
(a) naturalmselection
(b ) foundermeffect
(c) geneticmbottleneck
(d ) mutation
8. Which mofmthemfollowingmismNOTmonemofmthemthreemessentialmprocessesmidentifiedmby mDarwin’smtheor
y mof mevolution mby mnaturalmselection? m(b)
(a) variation
(b ) particulation
(c) selection
(d ) inheritance
,9. providesmthem“rawmmaterials” mformevolution.m(a)
(a) Variation
(b ) Particulation
(c) Selection
(d ) Inheritance
10. Formevolution mto mwork,msuccessfulmvariationsmmustmbem
,mormpassed mdown mreliably mfrommparentmto moffspring.m(d)
(a) variated
(b ) particulated
(c) selected
(d ) inherited
11. Themprocessmof m
refersmto mthemcomponentmofmDarwin’smtheorymofmevolutionmthatmstatesmthatmorganismsmwithmsomemheritab
lemattributesmleavemmoremoffspringmbecause mthosemattributesmhelpmwithmthemtasksmofmsurvivalmandmreproductio
n.m(c)
(a) variation
(b ) particulation
(c) selection
(d ) inheritance
12. In mcontrastmtomthemtheorymofmnaturalmselection,mwhich mfocusedmonmadaptationsmthatmhavemarisen masmamco
nsequence mof msuccessfulmsurvival,mthemtheory mof m
focused mon madaptationsmthatmhavemarisen masmamconsequence mof msuccessfulmmating.m(a)
(a) sexualmselection
(b ) internalmselection
(c) externalmselection
(d ) socialmselection
13. Themwork mof mGregormMendelmdocumented mthatm .m(c)
(a) evolution mismunlikely mto mhavemoccurred min mpeamplants
(b ) evolution mismunlikely mto mhavemoccurred min mpeamgenes
(c) inheritance mismparticulate,mnotmblended
(d ) inheritance mismblended,mnotmparticulate
14. Am
ismthemsmallestmdiscretemunitmthatmisminheritedmby moffspringmintact,mwithoutmbeingmbrokenmup mormblende
d.m(d)
(a) genotype
(b ) phenotype
(c) meme
(d ) gene
15. Ethologistsmareminterestedmin mfourmkeymissues,mwhichmbecamemknownmasmthemfourm“whys”mofmbehaviorma
dvancedmbymNiko mTinbergen,mamfoundermofmethology.mWhich mofmthemfollowingmismnotmonemofmthemfourm“whys
”mof mbehavior? m(a)
(a) imprinted minfluencesmof mbehavior
(b ) immediate minfluencesmof mbehavior
(c) developmentalminfluencesmof mbehavior
(d ) function mof mbehavior
,16. Accordingmto mHamilton m(1954),m
ismthemsummof mclassicalmfitnessmplusmthemeffectsmthemindividual’smactionsmhavemonmthemreproductivemsucce
ssmof mhismormhermgeneticmrelatives,mweighted mby mthemdegreemof mgeneticmrelatedness.m(c)
(a) directmfitness
(b ) indirectmfitness
(c) inclusive mfitness
(d ) exclusive mfitness
17. Which mof mthemfollowingmrelativesmismleastmrelated mto myou,mgenetically? m(d)
(a) grandmother
(b ) niece
(c) half-brother
(d ) firstmcousin
18. Williams’sm(1966)mbook mclarified mthemconceptmof m
,man mevolvedmsolution mtomamspecificmproblemmthatmcontributesmdirectly mormindirectlymto msuccessfulmrepr
oduction.m(c)
(a) geneticmdrift
(b ) byproduct
(c) adaptation
(d ) exaptation
19. Which mof mthemfollowingmtheoriesmwasmnotmpresented mby mTriversmin mthemearly m1970s? m(b)
(a) theory mof mparentalminvestment
(b ) theory mof mgenemselection
(c) theory mof mreciprocalmaltruism
(d ) theory mof mparent-offspringmconflict
20. Edward mO.mWilson’sm1975 mbookmignitedmcontroversymformthemassertion mthatmmuchmofmhumanmbehaviormc
ould mbemexplained mby m .m(b)
(a) socialization
(b ) evolutionary mbiology
(c) inclusive mfitnessmtheory
(d ) ethology
21. Themlastmchaptermon mhumansmin mEdward mO.mWilson’sm1975 mbook mwasm .m(b)
(a) based mon mresearch mdocumentingmthemimportance mof mcognition min mhuman mbehavior
(b ) based mon mlittlemempiricalmwork
(c) controversialmbecause mitmportrayedmhumansmasmbeingmsubjectmtomdifferentmevolutionary mforcesmthanmot
hermanimals
(d ) controversialmbecause mitmdid mnotmaccountmformthemrolemof mculturemin mshapingmbehavior
22. Which mof mthemfollowingmismNOTmammisunderstandingmof mevolutionary mtheory?m(d)
(a) geneticmdeterminism
(b ) Behaviormismimperviousmto mchange.
(c) Adaptationsmaremoptimally mdesigned.
(d ) Adaptationsmaremdesigned mto mconfrontmenvironmentalmproblems.
23. Genetic mdeterminism mimpliesmthatm .m(a)
(a) genesmdetermine mbehavior
(b ) behaviormismcaused mby mtheminteraction mof mgenesmand menvironment
(c) culturemdeterminesmallmbehavior
, (d ) if mamtraitmismnatural,mitmism“good”
24. Human mbehaviormcannotmoccurmwithoutmwhich mof mthemfollowingmsetsmof mtwo mingredients? m(c)
(a) culturemand msocialization
(b ) psychologicalmmachinery mand mnaturalmselection
(c) adaptationsmand menvironmentalminput
(d ) environmentalminputmand mdevelopmentalmactivation
25. Knowledge maboutmevolved msocialmpsychologicalmadaptationsm .m(d)
(a) providesmevidence mthatmgenesmplay mthemmostmimportantmrolemin mshapingmbehavior
(b ) suggestsmthatmhumansmaremdifferentmfrommallmothermanimals
(c) suggestsmthatmbehaviormismnotmmodifiable
(d ) givesmusmpowermto mchange mtargeted mbehaviors
26. Which mof mthemfollowingmdoesmnotmdescribe mevolved mpsychologicalmmechanisms? m(a)
(a) Evolved mpsychologicalmmechanismsmaremoptimally mdesigned.
(b ) Evolved mpsychologicalmmechanismsmaremnotmoptimally mdesigned.
(c) Evolved mpsychologicalmmechanismsmaremassociated mwith mcosts.
(d ) Adaptationsmwork mreasonably mwellmatmsolvingmadaptive mproblems.
27. Which mof mthemfollowingmismnotmamcriticalmdevelopmentmin mthemevolutionary mhistory mof mhumans? m(a)
(a) descentmfrommmammals
(b ) bipedalmlocomotion
(c) developmentmof magriculture
(d ) brain mexpansion
28. Themcommon mancestormof mallmmodern mhumansmcan mbemtraced mback mto m yearsmago.m(b)
(a) 35–40 mthousand
(b ) 120–150 mthousand
(c) 27 mmillion
(d ) 30 mmillion
29. WilliammJamesmwasmonemof mthemfirstmto mpositmthatmhumansmhavem
instinctsmthan/from mothermanimals.m(c)
(a) fewer
(b ) equalmbutmdifferent
(c) more
(d ) different
30. Behaviorism mwasmamdirectmreaction mto m .m(d)
(a) Darwin’smtheory mof mnaturalmselection
(b ) themcognitive mrevolution
(c) classicalmconditioning
(d ) James’smpsychology mof minstincts
31. Classicalmconditioningmdiffered mfrommoperantmconditioningmin mthemrolemgiven mto m
in mhuman mbehavior. m(a)
(a) reinforcement
(b ) radicalmbehaviorism
(c) culture
(d ) instincts
