APEA EENT PRACTISE QUESTONS WITH WELL ELABORATED SOLUTIONS

APEA EENT PRACTISE QUESTONS WITH WELL ELABORATED SOLUTIONS A benefit of prescribing an ophthalmic antihistamine with mast cell stabilizer property would be that the mast cell stabilizer provides: - ANSWER An extended duration of action-due to their high affinity to the H-1 receptor Pts should be advised to administer polymyxin B/trimethoprim q: - ANSWER 3 hours, maximum 6 doses in 24 hour period The most common symptoms of penicillin allergy includes hives, itchy eyes, and: - ANSWER Swollen lips Bacitracin (Ocu-tracin) ophthalmic ointment inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by: - ANSWER Preventing the transfer of mucopeptides into the growing cell wall When prescribing polymyxin B sulfate/bacitracin zinc (Polycin-B), pts should be instructed to: - ANSWER Complete therapy, even if sx resolve Prolonged use of bacitracin ophthalmic may result in: - ANSWER Fungal overgrowth Which of the following is classified as a 2nd gen antihistamine? - ANSWER Fexofenadine (Allegra) Hydroxyzine-1st gen Pts being treated with trifluridine (Viroptic) for herpes simplex 1 keratoconjunctivitis should be advised to return to the clinic if they do not experience sx improvement within: - ANSWER 7 days Polymyxin B/trimethoprim ophthalmic is NOT indicated for: - ANSWER Ophthalmia neonatorum-does not treat the most common bacterial causes The mechanism of action of trifluridine (Viroptic), an ophthalmic antiviral, used the treatment of herpes simplex conjunctivitis is: - ANSWER Interference with viral Ocular decongestants such as oxymetazoline (Visine-LR) are used to reduce: - ANSWER Redness replication by inhibiting thymidylate synthetase A common side effect of oral phenylephrine (Sudafed), a decongestant is: - ANSWER Anxiety Cephalosporins are classified as: - ANSWER Beta-lactam antibiotics Ophthalmic cromolyn inhibits the degranulation of sensitized mast cells. It is indicated in the treatment of: - ANSWER Vernal conjunctivitis Dosing of oseltamivir (Tamiflu) for older adult pts with active influenza and a creatinine clearance between 30-60 mL/min is: - ANSWER 30mg PO BID for 5 days Which of the following is NOT a potential adverse effect of sulfacetamide ophthalmic (Bleph-10) for the tx of acute conjunctivitis? - ANSWER Acute renal insufficiency The brand name of prednisolone acetate ophthalmic is: - ANSWER Pred Forte Pts who are using a glucocorticoid nasal spray should be advised to: - ANSWER Prime the pump prior to first use or if unused for more than a week Which of the following does NOT cause a drug-disease interaction when using a decongestant/antihistamine medication such as Naphazoline/pheniramine (NaphconA)? - ANSWER Hypothyroidism Mydriasis is a term used to describe: - ANSWER Dilation of the pupil Causes of sensorineural hearing loss include all of the following except: - ANSWER perforated tympanic membrane-this is conductive hearing loss A pt c/o a sore tongue. Findings reveal a smooth and erythematous tongue. This condition is termed: - ANSWER Glossitis Ophthalmoscopic examination of the retina reveals AV tapering. This appears as if the: - ANSWER Vein "winds" down on either side of the artery Raised or flat, deep purple colored lesions noted in the mouth may be suggestive of: - ANSWER Kaposi's sarcoma Redness, bleeding, pain, and swelling of the gums is most likely: - ANSWER Gingivitis A softening of the skin at the angles of the mouth which may be due to nutritional deficiency is commonly referred to as: - ANSWER Angular cheilitis When examining the conjunctiva and sclera, have the patient look upwards and then: - ANSWER Depress both lower lids with your thumbs, exposing the sclera and conjunctiva All of the following are examples of causes of sensorineural hearing loss in children except: - ANSWER The presence of cerumen impaction When assessing extraocular movements: - ANSWER Include the cardinal directions of gaze A pt c/o seeing specks that obscure his line of vision when he looks in a certain direction. This impairment could be caused by: - ANSWER scotomas On exam of the pupils, both are round but the right pupil appears larger than the left and reacts much slower to light. This condition may be indicative of: - ANSWER a tonic pupil or Adele's pupil The gradual loss of vision with a change in color and size of the optic disc is referred to as: - ANSWER Glaucoma A pt presents with c/o burning, itching, tearing, and some pain in the eye. Findings reveal red, scaly, greasy flakes and thickened, crusted lid margins. This would be suggestive of: - ANSWER Blepharitis Surgical perforation of the tympanic membrane to allow drainage of middle ear secretions is termed: - ANSWER A myringotomy A 50-year-old pt c/o being unable to read the hymnal at church. This describes - ANSWER Presbyopia-may begin in the 5th or 6th decade of life A 57-year-old man with a hx of diabetes complains of difficulty hearing on the telephone and muffled sounds while watching the television at a low volume. He should be further evaluated for: - ANSWER Presbycusis-most common type of sensorineural hearing loss caused by natural aging of the auditory system A person who has been blind since birth presents for a physical exam. Expected findings of the pupillary reaction when light is shown would be: - ANSWER It dependson type of blindness.