UIUC MCB 150 - Final Exam Review Latest
Update 2025-2026 2000 Questions and 100%
Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
______ are a group of proteins that DNA wraps around to compact itself and to form
nucleosomes. - CORRECT ANSWER: histones
______ are regulatory DNA elements that can prevent or decrease the rate of
transcription of a gene. - CORRECT ANSWER: Silencers
______ are small, circular DNA molecules that exist independently of chromosomal
DNA. - CORRECT ANSWER: Plasmids
______ is the main protein that delivers oxygen to cells of a mammal's body. -
CORRECT ANSWER: Hemoglobin
______ used balls and sticks to demonstrate the structure of the alpha helix of proteins.
Multiple choice question. - CORRECT ANSWER: Pauling
_______ control is transcriptional regulation by repressor proteins. - CORRECT
ANSWER: negative
_________ are long, threadlike structures, which are used to provide motility to bacterial
cells. - CORRECT ANSWER: flagella
_________ are small organic molecules that temporarily attach to an enzyme and
promote a chemical reaction without being changed during the reaction. - CORRECT
ANSWER: Coenzymes
,____________, or reactants, are molecules that bind to an enzyme at the active site
and are converted to products in chemical reactions. - CORRECT ANSWER: substrates
A ____ is a protein coat found in viruses. - CORRECT ANSWER: capsid
A ______ cell is a cell that is infected by a virus. - CORRECT ANSWER: host
A _______ is a small infectious particle composed primarily of RNA without a protein
coat. A _______ is composed primarily of protein. - CORRECT ANSWER: viroid ; prion
A ______-effect is mediated by a DNA element that binds regulator proteins, whereas a
_______-effect is mediated by genes that encode diffusible regulatory proteins. -
CORRECT ANSWER: cis, trans
A bacterial cell takes up DNA from the environment through a process of gene transfer
called ________ - CORRECT ANSWER: transformation
A bacterial chromosome is 5 Mb in length. How many base pairs does it contain? -
CORRECT ANSWER: 5,000,000
A cancer derived from epithelial cells is called what? - CORRECT ANSWER: carcinoma
A carcinogen is a chemical or physical agent that promotes ______. - CORRECT
ANSWER: cancer
A carrier of a DNA segment to be cloned is termed what? - CORRECT ANSWER: vector
A cell-free translation system consists of ______. - CORRECT ANSWER: components
from the cytoplasm that can synthesize polypeptides
,A certain type of virus can usually attach to ______. - CORRECT ANSWER: one or just
a few types of cells
A charged tRNA molecule carrying a single amino acid binds to the A site because the
anticodon in the tRNA has a sequence that is ______ to the codon in the mRNA -
CORRECT ANSWER: complementary
A chemical reaction that will proceed without the input of energy is a(n) ________ rxn -
CORRECT ANSWER: exergonic
A coding sequence specifies the amino acid sequence of what? - CORRECT ANSWER:
polypeptide
A codon in a messenger RNA molecule consists of ______ nucleotides. Each mRNA
codon specifies ______ amino acid(s). - CORRECT ANSWER: three; one
A codon in an mRNA molecule can bind to a sequence in tRNA called the ______ -
CORRECT ANSWER: anticodon
A collection of bacterial cells that contains vectors with different fragments of
chromosomal DNA is called which of the following?
DNA array
DNA clones
DNA collection
DNA library - CORRECT ANSWER: DNA library
A collection of recombinant vectors that contains DNA fragments of a given organism is
called a DNA ________ - CORRECT ANSWER: library
, A compound is subjected to the Ames test to evaluate its ability to cause mutation. If the
substance is a mutagen, what results are expected? - CORRECT ANSWER: There will
be more bacterial colonies on the plate exposed to the mutagen than on the control
plate.
A conformational change in the lac repressor protein occurs upon binding of the sugar
________ to it. This change in shape prevents the repressor from binding to the
_______ site - CORRECT ANSWER: allolactose, operator
A ddNTP is a nucleotide that has a 3' position with a missing _______ group -
CORRECT ANSWER: hydroxyl, OH, or -OH
A ddNTP is added to the tube of a sequencing reaction is so that it will be incorporated
during DNA synthesis and cause the reaction to - CORRECT ANSWER: terminate.
A ddNTP lacks a 3'-OH group. Because of this attachment of the next _______ is
prevented - CORRECT ANSWER: nucleotide, deoxynucleotide, or dNTP
A diploid organism contains ______. - CORRECT ANSWER: two sets of chromosomes
A DNA ____________ can be used to monitor the expression of thousands of genes
simultaneously. - CORRECT ANSWER: microarray
A DNA microarray is best defined as ______. - CORRECT ANSWER: a small slide that
is dotted with many different sequences of single stranded DNA, each corresponding to
a short sequence within a known gene
A DNA segment that must be adjacent to the gene that it regulates is known as a(n)
_________ element - CORRECT ANSWER: cis-acting
Update 2025-2026 2000 Questions and 100%
Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
______ are a group of proteins that DNA wraps around to compact itself and to form
nucleosomes. - CORRECT ANSWER: histones
______ are regulatory DNA elements that can prevent or decrease the rate of
transcription of a gene. - CORRECT ANSWER: Silencers
______ are small, circular DNA molecules that exist independently of chromosomal
DNA. - CORRECT ANSWER: Plasmids
______ is the main protein that delivers oxygen to cells of a mammal's body. -
CORRECT ANSWER: Hemoglobin
______ used balls and sticks to demonstrate the structure of the alpha helix of proteins.
Multiple choice question. - CORRECT ANSWER: Pauling
_______ control is transcriptional regulation by repressor proteins. - CORRECT
ANSWER: negative
_________ are long, threadlike structures, which are used to provide motility to bacterial
cells. - CORRECT ANSWER: flagella
_________ are small organic molecules that temporarily attach to an enzyme and
promote a chemical reaction without being changed during the reaction. - CORRECT
ANSWER: Coenzymes
,____________, or reactants, are molecules that bind to an enzyme at the active site
and are converted to products in chemical reactions. - CORRECT ANSWER: substrates
A ____ is a protein coat found in viruses. - CORRECT ANSWER: capsid
A ______ cell is a cell that is infected by a virus. - CORRECT ANSWER: host
A _______ is a small infectious particle composed primarily of RNA without a protein
coat. A _______ is composed primarily of protein. - CORRECT ANSWER: viroid ; prion
A ______-effect is mediated by a DNA element that binds regulator proteins, whereas a
_______-effect is mediated by genes that encode diffusible regulatory proteins. -
CORRECT ANSWER: cis, trans
A bacterial cell takes up DNA from the environment through a process of gene transfer
called ________ - CORRECT ANSWER: transformation
A bacterial chromosome is 5 Mb in length. How many base pairs does it contain? -
CORRECT ANSWER: 5,000,000
A cancer derived from epithelial cells is called what? - CORRECT ANSWER: carcinoma
A carcinogen is a chemical or physical agent that promotes ______. - CORRECT
ANSWER: cancer
A carrier of a DNA segment to be cloned is termed what? - CORRECT ANSWER: vector
A cell-free translation system consists of ______. - CORRECT ANSWER: components
from the cytoplasm that can synthesize polypeptides
,A certain type of virus can usually attach to ______. - CORRECT ANSWER: one or just
a few types of cells
A charged tRNA molecule carrying a single amino acid binds to the A site because the
anticodon in the tRNA has a sequence that is ______ to the codon in the mRNA -
CORRECT ANSWER: complementary
A chemical reaction that will proceed without the input of energy is a(n) ________ rxn -
CORRECT ANSWER: exergonic
A coding sequence specifies the amino acid sequence of what? - CORRECT ANSWER:
polypeptide
A codon in a messenger RNA molecule consists of ______ nucleotides. Each mRNA
codon specifies ______ amino acid(s). - CORRECT ANSWER: three; one
A codon in an mRNA molecule can bind to a sequence in tRNA called the ______ -
CORRECT ANSWER: anticodon
A collection of bacterial cells that contains vectors with different fragments of
chromosomal DNA is called which of the following?
DNA array
DNA clones
DNA collection
DNA library - CORRECT ANSWER: DNA library
A collection of recombinant vectors that contains DNA fragments of a given organism is
called a DNA ________ - CORRECT ANSWER: library
, A compound is subjected to the Ames test to evaluate its ability to cause mutation. If the
substance is a mutagen, what results are expected? - CORRECT ANSWER: There will
be more bacterial colonies on the plate exposed to the mutagen than on the control
plate.
A conformational change in the lac repressor protein occurs upon binding of the sugar
________ to it. This change in shape prevents the repressor from binding to the
_______ site - CORRECT ANSWER: allolactose, operator
A ddNTP is a nucleotide that has a 3' position with a missing _______ group -
CORRECT ANSWER: hydroxyl, OH, or -OH
A ddNTP is added to the tube of a sequencing reaction is so that it will be incorporated
during DNA synthesis and cause the reaction to - CORRECT ANSWER: terminate.
A ddNTP lacks a 3'-OH group. Because of this attachment of the next _______ is
prevented - CORRECT ANSWER: nucleotide, deoxynucleotide, or dNTP
A diploid organism contains ______. - CORRECT ANSWER: two sets of chromosomes
A DNA ____________ can be used to monitor the expression of thousands of genes
simultaneously. - CORRECT ANSWER: microarray
A DNA microarray is best defined as ______. - CORRECT ANSWER: a small slide that
is dotted with many different sequences of single stranded DNA, each corresponding to
a short sequence within a known gene
A DNA segment that must be adjacent to the gene that it regulates is known as a(n)
_________ element - CORRECT ANSWER: cis-acting
