ATI MED SURG EXAM 2025
(CARDIOVASCULAR, IMMUNE & INFECTION,
AND ONCOLOGY) | ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS | VERIFIED ANSWERS |
LATEST EXAM | GRADED A+ (JUST RELEASED)
__________ measures the amount of air a client can exhale after maximum inhalation.
A. Total lung capacity
B. Vital lung capacity
C. Functional residual capacity
D. Residual volume - ANSWER: B
__________ measures the amount of air in the lungs after normal expiration.
A. Total lung capacity
B. Vital lung capacity
C. Functional residual capacity
D. Residual volume - ANSWER: C
__________ measures the amount of air the lungs can hold after maximum inhalation.
A. Total lung capacity
B. Vital lung capacity
C. Functional residual capacity
D. Residual volume - ANSWER: A
___________ measures the amount of air in the lungs after forced expiration.
A. Total lung capacity
B. Vital lung capacity
,C. Functional residual capacity
D. Residual volume - ANSWER: D
(Addison's or Cushing's?) Disease is a hormone deficiency caused by damage to the outer layer of the adrenal
gland (adrenal cortex). This disease occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone
cortisol, and, in some cases, the hormone aldosterone - ANSWER: Addison's
A client has a new diagnosis of renal calculi and reports severe flank pain. Which of the following is the priority
nursing action?
A. Relieve the client's pain
B. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake
C. Monitor the client's I/O
D. Strain the client's urine - ANSWER: A. Pain associated with renal calculi is severe and can lead to shock,
therefore it is the priority action
A client who has ARDS will exhibit which of the following? (SATA)
A. PaO2 50 mm Hg
B. Rhonchi
C. Hypopnea
D. Hyperpnea - ANSWER: AD
A client who has severe kidney failure is at risk for the development of what?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis - ANSWER: C
A client who has thick sputum production of obstruction from a foreign body has which kind of lung sounds?
A. Absence of breath sounds
B. Expiratory wheezing
C. Inspiratory stridor.
,D. Rhonchi - ANSWER: D. These are dry, low-pitched, snore-like noises produced in teh throat
A home health nurse enters a client's home and finds a used insulin syringe, without a cap, on the table.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. recap the needle on the syringe
B. schedule a nurse to administer future injections for this client
C. explain to the client that the syringe should be disposed of in the bathroom trash can
D. place the syringe in a puncture-proof disposal container - ANSWER: D. safety first! then educate!
A hospice nurse is providing education about palliative care to the partner of a client who has end-stage liver
cancer. Which of the following statements by the partner indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. I will do my best to try to get him to eat something
B. I will lay him flat if his breathing becomes shallow
C. I will use an electric blanket to keep him warm
D. I will continue to talk to him even when he is sleeping - ANSWER: D. Hearing is the last sense to leave in the
dying process.
A warm blanket should be used, but not an electric blanket. A client who is approaching death should be
positioned with the head elevated or on the side, not lying flat. A client close to death often refuses
nourishment and they should not be forced to eat or drink.
A nurse in a clinic is providing teaching for a client who is to have a tuberculin skin test. Which of the following
should the nurse include in teaching?
A. "If the test is positive, it means you have an active case of Tb"
B. "If the test is positive, you should have another TB skin test in 3 weeks."
C. "You must return to the clinic to have the test read in 2-3 days."
D. "A nurse will use a small lancet to scratch the skin of your forearm before applying the TB substance." -
ANSWER: C.
An area of induration after 48-72 hours indicates exposure to the tubercle bacillus. If the client does not
return to have the test read within 72 hours, another TB test is necessary.
A client with a positive skin test should have a chest x ray to rule out active TB.
, A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who states he was recently exposed to tuberculosis. Which of
the following findings is a clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis?
A. Pericardial friction rub
B. Weight gain
C. Night sweats
D. Cyanosis of the fingertips - ANSWER: C. Night sweats and fevers.
Anorexia and weight loss are clinical manifestations of TB
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client's skin lesions resulting from an allergic reaction. The nurse
notes that the patient has transient, elevated, irregularly-shaped lesions caused by localized edema .The nurse
should document the findings as which of the following skin lesions?
A. papules
B. macules
C. wheals
D. vesicles - ANSWER: C
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client's skin lesions. The nurse notes a small, solid, flat, discolored
lesion with variable borders. The nurse should document the findings as which of the following skin lesions?
A. papules
B. macules
C. wheals
D. vesicles - ANSWER: B. A macule is flat, variably shaped, and small, typically smaller than 10 mm in diameter.
A macule is a change in the skin color. Freckles and the rash associated with rubella are types of macules.
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client's skin lesions. The nurse notes that the lesions are 0.5 cm (0.2
in) in size, elevated, and solid with very distinct borders. The nurse should document the findings as which of
the following skin lesions?
A. papules
B. macules
C. wheals
D. vesicles - ANSWER: A.
(CARDIOVASCULAR, IMMUNE & INFECTION,
AND ONCOLOGY) | ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS | VERIFIED ANSWERS |
LATEST EXAM | GRADED A+ (JUST RELEASED)
__________ measures the amount of air a client can exhale after maximum inhalation.
A. Total lung capacity
B. Vital lung capacity
C. Functional residual capacity
D. Residual volume - ANSWER: B
__________ measures the amount of air in the lungs after normal expiration.
A. Total lung capacity
B. Vital lung capacity
C. Functional residual capacity
D. Residual volume - ANSWER: C
__________ measures the amount of air the lungs can hold after maximum inhalation.
A. Total lung capacity
B. Vital lung capacity
C. Functional residual capacity
D. Residual volume - ANSWER: A
___________ measures the amount of air in the lungs after forced expiration.
A. Total lung capacity
B. Vital lung capacity
,C. Functional residual capacity
D. Residual volume - ANSWER: D
(Addison's or Cushing's?) Disease is a hormone deficiency caused by damage to the outer layer of the adrenal
gland (adrenal cortex). This disease occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone
cortisol, and, in some cases, the hormone aldosterone - ANSWER: Addison's
A client has a new diagnosis of renal calculi and reports severe flank pain. Which of the following is the priority
nursing action?
A. Relieve the client's pain
B. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake
C. Monitor the client's I/O
D. Strain the client's urine - ANSWER: A. Pain associated with renal calculi is severe and can lead to shock,
therefore it is the priority action
A client who has ARDS will exhibit which of the following? (SATA)
A. PaO2 50 mm Hg
B. Rhonchi
C. Hypopnea
D. Hyperpnea - ANSWER: AD
A client who has severe kidney failure is at risk for the development of what?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis - ANSWER: C
A client who has thick sputum production of obstruction from a foreign body has which kind of lung sounds?
A. Absence of breath sounds
B. Expiratory wheezing
C. Inspiratory stridor.
,D. Rhonchi - ANSWER: D. These are dry, low-pitched, snore-like noises produced in teh throat
A home health nurse enters a client's home and finds a used insulin syringe, without a cap, on the table.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. recap the needle on the syringe
B. schedule a nurse to administer future injections for this client
C. explain to the client that the syringe should be disposed of in the bathroom trash can
D. place the syringe in a puncture-proof disposal container - ANSWER: D. safety first! then educate!
A hospice nurse is providing education about palliative care to the partner of a client who has end-stage liver
cancer. Which of the following statements by the partner indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. I will do my best to try to get him to eat something
B. I will lay him flat if his breathing becomes shallow
C. I will use an electric blanket to keep him warm
D. I will continue to talk to him even when he is sleeping - ANSWER: D. Hearing is the last sense to leave in the
dying process.
A warm blanket should be used, but not an electric blanket. A client who is approaching death should be
positioned with the head elevated or on the side, not lying flat. A client close to death often refuses
nourishment and they should not be forced to eat or drink.
A nurse in a clinic is providing teaching for a client who is to have a tuberculin skin test. Which of the following
should the nurse include in teaching?
A. "If the test is positive, it means you have an active case of Tb"
B. "If the test is positive, you should have another TB skin test in 3 weeks."
C. "You must return to the clinic to have the test read in 2-3 days."
D. "A nurse will use a small lancet to scratch the skin of your forearm before applying the TB substance." -
ANSWER: C.
An area of induration after 48-72 hours indicates exposure to the tubercle bacillus. If the client does not
return to have the test read within 72 hours, another TB test is necessary.
A client with a positive skin test should have a chest x ray to rule out active TB.
, A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who states he was recently exposed to tuberculosis. Which of
the following findings is a clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis?
A. Pericardial friction rub
B. Weight gain
C. Night sweats
D. Cyanosis of the fingertips - ANSWER: C. Night sweats and fevers.
Anorexia and weight loss are clinical manifestations of TB
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client's skin lesions resulting from an allergic reaction. The nurse
notes that the patient has transient, elevated, irregularly-shaped lesions caused by localized edema .The nurse
should document the findings as which of the following skin lesions?
A. papules
B. macules
C. wheals
D. vesicles - ANSWER: C
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client's skin lesions. The nurse notes a small, solid, flat, discolored
lesion with variable borders. The nurse should document the findings as which of the following skin lesions?
A. papules
B. macules
C. wheals
D. vesicles - ANSWER: B. A macule is flat, variably shaped, and small, typically smaller than 10 mm in diameter.
A macule is a change in the skin color. Freckles and the rash associated with rubella are types of macules.
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client's skin lesions. The nurse notes that the lesions are 0.5 cm (0.2
in) in size, elevated, and solid with very distinct borders. The nurse should document the findings as which of
the following skin lesions?
A. papules
B. macules
C. wheals
D. vesicles - ANSWER: A.
