Paper 1 Sociology AQA A-Level
1965 Comprehensive Education Act - correct answerGot rid of 11+ exam and all stuents
would get equality
1988 Education Reform Act - correct answerAll schools teach same core curriculum.
3 elements of quality control - correct answerOFSTED, Publication of performance
tables, National curriculum
3 features of marketisation - correct answerindependence, competition, choice
3 types of selection - correct answerSelection:
by ability e.g. entrance tests
by aptitude e.g. tests
by faith
Asian Pupils- WRIGHT (L) - correct answerAsian students also suffer labelling,t eachers
hold ethnocentric views. Leaving them out of discussions or using childish language
when speaking to them leading to marginalisation.
Assessment- SANDERS AND HORN (IR) - correct answerChanging from written tests
to teacher assessment led to black students underachieving.
Assessment-GILLBOURN(IR) - correct answerSystem is rigged to validate the dominate
culture superiority.
Atittudes and Values (Cultural Deprivation) - correct answerDifferent ethnic groups are
socialised into different attitudes & values.
Atittudes and Values-ARNOT(CD) - correct answerMedia has created negative anti-
school role model for Black pupils in particular which he describes as 'the Ultra-Tough
Ghetto Superstar ' reinforced through rap lyrics & MTV videos.
Bernstein: Elaborated Speech Code - correct answerM/C
Wide vocab
Grammatically complex Varied and abstract
Context free
Bernstein: Restricted Speech Code - correct answerW/C
Limited vocab
Short unfinished sentences
Grammatically simple
Context bound
, Boys Responses to racist stereotypes- SEWELL(PRS) - correct answerThe Rebels -
Most influential group but still minority. Rejected values of school & opposed the school
by joining a peer group. These reinforced the negative stereotypes of 'Black Machismo'
.
The conformists -The majority of Black pupils accepted the values of the school & were
eager to succeed.
The Retreatists-A small minority who isolated & disconnected with peer group
subcultures & the school. These kept a low profile
.The Innovators -Second largest group who were pro-education but anti-school. They
distanced themselves from 'Conformists' enough to keep credibility with the 'Rebels'
whilst valuing education success.
Changes in the Family - correct answerPrimary Socialisation: Perhaps traditional
'Female' socialisation is more suited to education than typical
'Male' socialisation -Bedroom Culture.More lone parents families headed by women and
duel earning families raises girls aspirations.
Changes in Women's employment - correct answerMitsos& Browne (1998) highlight
how the growing Service Sector/ Economy has created more 'feminised' career
opportunities for women e.g. in Health Care, Hospitality, Teaching, Clerical, Childcare
professions.
Equal pay act etc open up more opportunities for girls in
Changing Girl's Ambitions - correct answerDecline of traditional gender roles -Stay at
home Dads, duel earning families. Individualisation
Beck and Beck Genshiem: Independence is highly regarded in modern society in order
to gain recognition and status.
Chubb and Moe - correct answerCompetition would lead to raising educational
standards. Necessary for schools to attract their 'customers' by being successful and
popular.
Crisis of Masculinity (External factor for differences in educational achievement) -
correct answerDue to globalisation (1980's) decline in heavy industries e.g. iron and
steel, engineering etc.
Mitsos and Browne-decline in male employment opportunities has led to 'identity crises'
Crisis of masculinity impact on educational achievement in gender - correct
answerResults in belief that they will not get a 'proper job'= low self esteem and
motivation to get grades. Decline mainly in manual working class jobs, which didn't need
qualifications. Unlikely that disappearance of such jobs would impact on boys motivation
to obtain qualifications
Critical Racism Theory- GILLBORN (IR) - correct answerRacism so ingrained in
education that is now inevitable.
1965 Comprehensive Education Act - correct answerGot rid of 11+ exam and all stuents
would get equality
1988 Education Reform Act - correct answerAll schools teach same core curriculum.
3 elements of quality control - correct answerOFSTED, Publication of performance
tables, National curriculum
3 features of marketisation - correct answerindependence, competition, choice
3 types of selection - correct answerSelection:
by ability e.g. entrance tests
by aptitude e.g. tests
by faith
Asian Pupils- WRIGHT (L) - correct answerAsian students also suffer labelling,t eachers
hold ethnocentric views. Leaving them out of discussions or using childish language
when speaking to them leading to marginalisation.
Assessment- SANDERS AND HORN (IR) - correct answerChanging from written tests
to teacher assessment led to black students underachieving.
Assessment-GILLBOURN(IR) - correct answerSystem is rigged to validate the dominate
culture superiority.
Atittudes and Values (Cultural Deprivation) - correct answerDifferent ethnic groups are
socialised into different attitudes & values.
Atittudes and Values-ARNOT(CD) - correct answerMedia has created negative anti-
school role model for Black pupils in particular which he describes as 'the Ultra-Tough
Ghetto Superstar ' reinforced through rap lyrics & MTV videos.
Bernstein: Elaborated Speech Code - correct answerM/C
Wide vocab
Grammatically complex Varied and abstract
Context free
Bernstein: Restricted Speech Code - correct answerW/C
Limited vocab
Short unfinished sentences
Grammatically simple
Context bound
, Boys Responses to racist stereotypes- SEWELL(PRS) - correct answerThe Rebels -
Most influential group but still minority. Rejected values of school & opposed the school
by joining a peer group. These reinforced the negative stereotypes of 'Black Machismo'
.
The conformists -The majority of Black pupils accepted the values of the school & were
eager to succeed.
The Retreatists-A small minority who isolated & disconnected with peer group
subcultures & the school. These kept a low profile
.The Innovators -Second largest group who were pro-education but anti-school. They
distanced themselves from 'Conformists' enough to keep credibility with the 'Rebels'
whilst valuing education success.
Changes in the Family - correct answerPrimary Socialisation: Perhaps traditional
'Female' socialisation is more suited to education than typical
'Male' socialisation -Bedroom Culture.More lone parents families headed by women and
duel earning families raises girls aspirations.
Changes in Women's employment - correct answerMitsos& Browne (1998) highlight
how the growing Service Sector/ Economy has created more 'feminised' career
opportunities for women e.g. in Health Care, Hospitality, Teaching, Clerical, Childcare
professions.
Equal pay act etc open up more opportunities for girls in
Changing Girl's Ambitions - correct answerDecline of traditional gender roles -Stay at
home Dads, duel earning families. Individualisation
Beck and Beck Genshiem: Independence is highly regarded in modern society in order
to gain recognition and status.
Chubb and Moe - correct answerCompetition would lead to raising educational
standards. Necessary for schools to attract their 'customers' by being successful and
popular.
Crisis of Masculinity (External factor for differences in educational achievement) -
correct answerDue to globalisation (1980's) decline in heavy industries e.g. iron and
steel, engineering etc.
Mitsos and Browne-decline in male employment opportunities has led to 'identity crises'
Crisis of masculinity impact on educational achievement in gender - correct
answerResults in belief that they will not get a 'proper job'= low self esteem and
motivation to get grades. Decline mainly in manual working class jobs, which didn't need
qualifications. Unlikely that disappearance of such jobs would impact on boys motivation
to obtain qualifications
Critical Racism Theory- GILLBORN (IR) - correct answerRacism so ingrained in
education that is now inevitable.
