Advanced Trauma Life Support exam with
actual questions and correct answers.A+
grade guarantee
What size LMA do you use for Kid, woman/small man, large woman/man - CORRECT ANSWER-Kid: 3
Woman/Small Man: 4
Large woman/Man 5
C3,4,5 keep them all alive
The proper size ET tube for an infant is - CORRECT ANSWER-The same size as the infants nostril or little
finger (3 for neonates, 3.5 for infants
What size cuffed endotracheal tube do you use for an emergency cricothyroidotomy? - CORRECT
ANSWER-5 or 6
Why does shock actually reduce the total volume of circulating blood? - CORRECT ANSWER-Anaerobic
metabolism --> cant make more ATP --> endoplasmic then mitochondrial damage --> lysosomes rupture
--> sodium and water enter the cell, which SWELLS and dies
The "A" in ABCD stands for ______. - CORRECT ANSWER-Airway maintenance with Cervical SPINE
protection
You should assume that any patient in a multisystem trauma with an altered level of consciousness or
blunt injury above the clavice has what type of injury - CORRECT ANSWER-Cervical Spine Injury
Flail chest is invariably accompanied by _______ which can interfere with blood oxygenation - CORRECT
ANSWER-pulmonary contusion - do NOT over fluid resuscitate these patients.
Hypotension is caused by ______ until proven otherwise. - CORRECT ANSWER-hypovolemia
,When you dont have a BP what are three things to look for when evaluating perfusion? - CORRECT
ANSWER-1. level of consciousness (brain perfusion
2. Skin color (ashen face/grey extremities)
3. Pulse (bilateral femoral - thready/tachy)
Elderly patients have a limited ability to ___________ to compensate for blood loss - CORRECT ANSWER-
increase heart rate
Resuscitation fluids should be warmed to 39 Celsius - CORRECT ANSWER-Only for Cyrstalloids, NOT for
blood
Urinary catheters are good for assessing renal perfusion and volume status. List 5 signs of urethral injury
that might precent you from inserting one - CORRECT ANSWER-Blood at urethral meatus, perineal
ecchymosis, blood in scrotum, high-riding/non-palpable prostate, pelvic fracture
Cricoid cartilage is the only circumferential support for the upper trachea in kids, therefore surgical
cricothyroidotomy is not recommeded for kids under the age of ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-12
In a 'normal' patient without significant chest wall injury or lung disease, needle cricothyroidotomy can
provide adequate oxygenation for approximately ______ minutes - CORRECT ANSWER-30-45
For a patient with difficulty breathing, what things might you try before you provide a surgical aurway -
CORRECT ANSWER-Chin Lift, jaw-thrust (NOT head-tilt while maintaining c-spine precautions), OPA
(guedel), NPA (trumpet), LMA, Combitube, ET tube +- bougie
How do you know if an OPA/Guedel is the correct size for the patient? - CORRECT ANSWER-A correctly
sized OPA will extend from the corner of the patients mouth to the external auditory canal.
Which arm should you NOT put a pulse-ox on? - CORRECT ANSWER-The arm with the BP cuff
2 anatomical things that can interfere - CORRECT ANSWER-Obesity and intraluminal bowel gas
,When should radiographs be obtained? - CORRECT ANSWER-During the Secondary survey!
How do get an ample patient history? - CORRECT ANSWER-Allergies
Medications
PMH/Pregnancy
Last meal
Events/Environment
Why might you want a Bair Hugger for a patient who smells of Alcohol? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Vasodilation can lead to hypothermia
What things are you looking for when you do a DRE in trauma - CORRECT ANSWER-Blood, high riding
prostate, sphincter tone,
What should be done for every female patient - CORRECT ANSWER-Pregnancy test
Adult patients should maintain UOP of at least _____mL/kg/hr. Kids should have at least ______
mL/kg/hr - CORRECT ANSWER-Adults 0.5 mL/kg.hr
Kids 1.0 mL/kg/hr
Preventing hypercarbia (hypercapnia) is critical in patients who have sustained a _______ injury -
CORRECT ANSWER-head
What two places would you LOOK at a patient if you suspect hypoxemia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Lips and
fingernail beds
What is the RSI dose for etomidate - CORRECT ANSWER-0.3 mg/kg (usually 20 mg)
What is the RSI dose for succinylcholine - CORRECT ANSWER-1-2 mg/kg (usually 100 mg)
, How does etomidate affect blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER-it doesnt -it shouldnt have any effect on
BP. Ketamine will increase BP, and propofol and thiopental will both drop BP.
A RSI dose of succinylcholine usually lasts about ___ minutes - CORRECT ANSWER-5
What hypnotic/sedative/induction agent do you NOT want to use for a severely burned patient? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Sux - patients with severe burns, crush injuries, hyperkalemia, or chronic
paralytic/neuromuscular disease should NOT get Sux because of hyperkalemia risk
O2 should flow at 15L for needle cricothyroidotomy, and have a Y connector for insufflation if possible.
What size needle do you use for adults? Kids? - CORRECT ANSWER-Adults: 12-14 gauge
kids: 16-18 gauge
What should you do with the balloon on an ET tube/LMA/foley before you insert it? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Inflate it to make sure it doesnt leak- then deflate and insert
Use a size 3 ET tube for neonates
3.5 for infants for 0-6 months
4 fo infants 6-12 months
How do you calculate what size ET tube to use or toddlers and kids? - CORRECT ANSWER-Age/4 +4mm =
internal diameter
Shock is defined as an abnormality of the circulatory system that results in inadequate organ perfusion
and tissue oxygenation. what are the 4 different types - CORRECT ANSWER-Neurogenic, cardiogenic,
hypovolemic, septic
The most common cause of shock in the injured trauma patient is _________. - CORRECT ANSWER-
hemorrhage
Approximately ___% of the body's total blood volume is located in the venous circuit/ - CORRECT
ANSWER-70
actual questions and correct answers.A+
grade guarantee
What size LMA do you use for Kid, woman/small man, large woman/man - CORRECT ANSWER-Kid: 3
Woman/Small Man: 4
Large woman/Man 5
C3,4,5 keep them all alive
The proper size ET tube for an infant is - CORRECT ANSWER-The same size as the infants nostril or little
finger (3 for neonates, 3.5 for infants
What size cuffed endotracheal tube do you use for an emergency cricothyroidotomy? - CORRECT
ANSWER-5 or 6
Why does shock actually reduce the total volume of circulating blood? - CORRECT ANSWER-Anaerobic
metabolism --> cant make more ATP --> endoplasmic then mitochondrial damage --> lysosomes rupture
--> sodium and water enter the cell, which SWELLS and dies
The "A" in ABCD stands for ______. - CORRECT ANSWER-Airway maintenance with Cervical SPINE
protection
You should assume that any patient in a multisystem trauma with an altered level of consciousness or
blunt injury above the clavice has what type of injury - CORRECT ANSWER-Cervical Spine Injury
Flail chest is invariably accompanied by _______ which can interfere with blood oxygenation - CORRECT
ANSWER-pulmonary contusion - do NOT over fluid resuscitate these patients.
Hypotension is caused by ______ until proven otherwise. - CORRECT ANSWER-hypovolemia
,When you dont have a BP what are three things to look for when evaluating perfusion? - CORRECT
ANSWER-1. level of consciousness (brain perfusion
2. Skin color (ashen face/grey extremities)
3. Pulse (bilateral femoral - thready/tachy)
Elderly patients have a limited ability to ___________ to compensate for blood loss - CORRECT ANSWER-
increase heart rate
Resuscitation fluids should be warmed to 39 Celsius - CORRECT ANSWER-Only for Cyrstalloids, NOT for
blood
Urinary catheters are good for assessing renal perfusion and volume status. List 5 signs of urethral injury
that might precent you from inserting one - CORRECT ANSWER-Blood at urethral meatus, perineal
ecchymosis, blood in scrotum, high-riding/non-palpable prostate, pelvic fracture
Cricoid cartilage is the only circumferential support for the upper trachea in kids, therefore surgical
cricothyroidotomy is not recommeded for kids under the age of ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-12
In a 'normal' patient without significant chest wall injury or lung disease, needle cricothyroidotomy can
provide adequate oxygenation for approximately ______ minutes - CORRECT ANSWER-30-45
For a patient with difficulty breathing, what things might you try before you provide a surgical aurway -
CORRECT ANSWER-Chin Lift, jaw-thrust (NOT head-tilt while maintaining c-spine precautions), OPA
(guedel), NPA (trumpet), LMA, Combitube, ET tube +- bougie
How do you know if an OPA/Guedel is the correct size for the patient? - CORRECT ANSWER-A correctly
sized OPA will extend from the corner of the patients mouth to the external auditory canal.
Which arm should you NOT put a pulse-ox on? - CORRECT ANSWER-The arm with the BP cuff
2 anatomical things that can interfere - CORRECT ANSWER-Obesity and intraluminal bowel gas
,When should radiographs be obtained? - CORRECT ANSWER-During the Secondary survey!
How do get an ample patient history? - CORRECT ANSWER-Allergies
Medications
PMH/Pregnancy
Last meal
Events/Environment
Why might you want a Bair Hugger for a patient who smells of Alcohol? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Vasodilation can lead to hypothermia
What things are you looking for when you do a DRE in trauma - CORRECT ANSWER-Blood, high riding
prostate, sphincter tone,
What should be done for every female patient - CORRECT ANSWER-Pregnancy test
Adult patients should maintain UOP of at least _____mL/kg/hr. Kids should have at least ______
mL/kg/hr - CORRECT ANSWER-Adults 0.5 mL/kg.hr
Kids 1.0 mL/kg/hr
Preventing hypercarbia (hypercapnia) is critical in patients who have sustained a _______ injury -
CORRECT ANSWER-head
What two places would you LOOK at a patient if you suspect hypoxemia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Lips and
fingernail beds
What is the RSI dose for etomidate - CORRECT ANSWER-0.3 mg/kg (usually 20 mg)
What is the RSI dose for succinylcholine - CORRECT ANSWER-1-2 mg/kg (usually 100 mg)
, How does etomidate affect blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER-it doesnt -it shouldnt have any effect on
BP. Ketamine will increase BP, and propofol and thiopental will both drop BP.
A RSI dose of succinylcholine usually lasts about ___ minutes - CORRECT ANSWER-5
What hypnotic/sedative/induction agent do you NOT want to use for a severely burned patient? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Sux - patients with severe burns, crush injuries, hyperkalemia, or chronic
paralytic/neuromuscular disease should NOT get Sux because of hyperkalemia risk
O2 should flow at 15L for needle cricothyroidotomy, and have a Y connector for insufflation if possible.
What size needle do you use for adults? Kids? - CORRECT ANSWER-Adults: 12-14 gauge
kids: 16-18 gauge
What should you do with the balloon on an ET tube/LMA/foley before you insert it? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Inflate it to make sure it doesnt leak- then deflate and insert
Use a size 3 ET tube for neonates
3.5 for infants for 0-6 months
4 fo infants 6-12 months
How do you calculate what size ET tube to use or toddlers and kids? - CORRECT ANSWER-Age/4 +4mm =
internal diameter
Shock is defined as an abnormality of the circulatory system that results in inadequate organ perfusion
and tissue oxygenation. what are the 4 different types - CORRECT ANSWER-Neurogenic, cardiogenic,
hypovolemic, septic
The most common cause of shock in the injured trauma patient is _________. - CORRECT ANSWER-
hemorrhage
Approximately ___% of the body's total blood volume is located in the venous circuit/ - CORRECT
ANSWER-70
