GROSS FEATURES OF CEREBRUM
• The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, located superiorly and anteriorly in relation to
the brainstem.
• It consists of two cerebral hemispheres (left and right), separated by the falx cerebri of the
dura mater.
• Embryologically, the cerebrum is derived from the .
• Each cerebral hemispheres consist of :
outer layer of grey mater
inner mass of white mater
large masses of grey mater embedded inside called
a cavity inside called lateral ventricle.
• The cerebrum is located within the bony cranium. It extends from the frontal bone anteriorly
to the occipital bone posteriorly.
• Within the skull, the cerebrum fills the anterior and middle cranial fossae, and is located
above the tentorium cerebelli inferoposteriorly.
Internal Structure
• The cerebrum is comprised of two different types of tissue – grey matter and white matter:
Grey matter forms the surface of each cerebral hemisphere (known as the cerebral
cortex), and is associated with processing and cognition.
White matter forms the bulk of the deeper parts of the brain. It consists of glial cells
and myelinated axons that connect the various grey matter areas.
External Structure
• Externally, the cerebrum has a highly convoluted appearance, consisting of sulci (grooves or
depressions) and gyri (ridges or elevations).
• It is divided into two anatomically symmetrical hemispheres by the –a
major sulcus that runs in the median sagittal plane.
• The falx cerebri (a fold of dura mater) descends vertically to fill this fissure.
The two cerebral hemispheres are connected by a white matter structure, called the
• Each cerebral hemisphere has
3 poles – Frontal,occipital, Temporal
3 surfaces – Superolateral, medial, Inferior surface
3 borders –superomedial, inferomedial, inferolateral
4 lobes – Frontal, parietal, temporal & occipital lobes.
• The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, located superiorly and anteriorly in relation to
the brainstem.
• It consists of two cerebral hemispheres (left and right), separated by the falx cerebri of the
dura mater.
• Embryologically, the cerebrum is derived from the .
• Each cerebral hemispheres consist of :
outer layer of grey mater
inner mass of white mater
large masses of grey mater embedded inside called
a cavity inside called lateral ventricle.
• The cerebrum is located within the bony cranium. It extends from the frontal bone anteriorly
to the occipital bone posteriorly.
• Within the skull, the cerebrum fills the anterior and middle cranial fossae, and is located
above the tentorium cerebelli inferoposteriorly.
Internal Structure
• The cerebrum is comprised of two different types of tissue – grey matter and white matter:
Grey matter forms the surface of each cerebral hemisphere (known as the cerebral
cortex), and is associated with processing and cognition.
White matter forms the bulk of the deeper parts of the brain. It consists of glial cells
and myelinated axons that connect the various grey matter areas.
External Structure
• Externally, the cerebrum has a highly convoluted appearance, consisting of sulci (grooves or
depressions) and gyri (ridges or elevations).
• It is divided into two anatomically symmetrical hemispheres by the –a
major sulcus that runs in the median sagittal plane.
• The falx cerebri (a fold of dura mater) descends vertically to fill this fissure.
The two cerebral hemispheres are connected by a white matter structure, called the
• Each cerebral hemisphere has
3 poles – Frontal,occipital, Temporal
3 surfaces – Superolateral, medial, Inferior surface
3 borders –superomedial, inferomedial, inferolateral
4 lobes – Frontal, parietal, temporal & occipital lobes.
