PALS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
1) What is the priority in initially managing arrhythmias?
A) obtain a SAMPLE history
B) evaluate the potential reversible causes (Hs and Ts)
C) support the ABCs
D) identify the underlying cause before initiating interventions -- Correct
Answer ✔✔ C) support the ABCs
2) What is the leading cause of symptomatic bradycardia in children?
A) poor cardiac function
B) congenital abnormality
C) myocarditis
D) tissue hypoxia -- Correct Answer ✔✔ D) tissue hypoxia
3) What causes primary bradycardia?
A) medications
B) congenital or acquired heart conditions
C) increased cardiac output
D) non-cardiac conditions that later the normal function of tue heart --
Correct Answer ✔✔ B) congenital or acquired heart conditions
4) What are the causes of secondary bradycardia?
A) hypothermia
B) hypotension
C) myocarditis
D) hypoxia
, E) cardiomyopathy
F) drugs
G) acidosis -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A, B, D, F, G
5) What are the electrocardiographic characteristics of bradycardia?
A) P waves always visible
B) HR slow compared with normal HR for age
C) prolonged PR interval
D) P wave and QRS may be unrelated
E) QRS complex may be narrow or wide -- Correct Answer ✔✔ B, D, and E
6) In which patients would bradycardia be an expected finding and not be considered
problematic?
A) a healthy child who is sleeping
B) a child who is hypotensive
C) a child with hypoxia
D) a well-conditioned athlete -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A and D
7) What is a first degree AV block?
A) a progressive prolongation of the PR interval until an atrial impulse is not
conducted by the ventricles
B) a prolonged PR interval representing slowed conduction through the AV
node
C) none of the atrial impulses conduct to the ventricles
D) nonconduction of some of the atrial impulses to the ventricle without any
change in the PR interval of the conduction impulses -- Correct Answer
✔✔ B) a prolonged PR interval representing slowed conduction through
the AV node
8) What is a third degree AV block?
, A) a progressive prolongation of the PR interval until an atrial impulse is not
conducted by the ventricles
B) a prolonged PR interval representing slowed conduction through the AV
node
C) none of the atrial impulses conduct to the ventricles
D) nonconduction of some of the atrial impulses to the ventricle without any
change in the PR interval of the conduction impulses -- Correct Answer
✔✔ C) none of the atrial impulses conduct to the ventricles
9) What is the initial treatment for pediatric bradycardia with cardiopulmonary
compromise?
A) administer atropine
B) begin CPR
C) administer epinephrine
D) provide BVM with 100% oxygen -- Correct Answer ✔✔ D) provide BVM
with 100% oxygen
10) If bradycardia persists after initial treatment and the HR remains less than 60/min,
what action should you take next?
A) administer epinephrine
B) begin CPR
C) administer atropine
D) provide BVM ventilation with 100% oxygen -- Correct Answer ✔✔ B)
begin CPR
11) What is the initial dose of epinephrine in the treatment of symptomatic
bradycardia?
A) 0.01 mg/kg endotracheal
B) 1 mg/kg endotracheal
C) 1 mg/kg IO
D) 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO -- Correct Answer ✔✔ D) 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO
, 12) In what conditions is atropine preferred over epinephrine as the first-choice
treatment of symptomatic bradycardia?
A) AV block due to a primary bradycardia
B) atropine is not recommended as a first-choice treatment in any pediatric
bradycardia
C) increased vagal tone
D) persistent bradycardia despite effective oxygenation and ventilation
E) cholinergic drug toxicity (organophosphates) -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A,
C, E
13) What is the IV/IO dose of atropine for pediatric bradycardia?
A) 0.5 mg
B) 1 mg
C) 0.02 mg/kg
D) 0.04 mg/kd -- Correct Answer ✔✔ C) 0.02 mg/kg
14) You are dispatched to respond to a 4 month old boy with difficulty breathing. You
arrive at the home and see the baby in his mother's arms. He is pale and has
mottled skin. His mother says he is very lethargic and has cold hands and feet.
What should your next steps be?
A) apply cardiac monitor to identify rhythm and monitor pulse, BP, and
oximetry
B) establish IV/IO access
C) complete the initial and primary assessment
D) obtain 12-lead ECG
E) maintain a patent airway
F) begin CPR -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A, C, and E
15) During the initial assessment, you find that an infant is unresponsive and has HR of
less than 60/min. What should be your next action?
A) stimulate the infant
B) begin rescue breathing
1) What is the priority in initially managing arrhythmias?
A) obtain a SAMPLE history
B) evaluate the potential reversible causes (Hs and Ts)
C) support the ABCs
D) identify the underlying cause before initiating interventions -- Correct
Answer ✔✔ C) support the ABCs
2) What is the leading cause of symptomatic bradycardia in children?
A) poor cardiac function
B) congenital abnormality
C) myocarditis
D) tissue hypoxia -- Correct Answer ✔✔ D) tissue hypoxia
3) What causes primary bradycardia?
A) medications
B) congenital or acquired heart conditions
C) increased cardiac output
D) non-cardiac conditions that later the normal function of tue heart --
Correct Answer ✔✔ B) congenital or acquired heart conditions
4) What are the causes of secondary bradycardia?
A) hypothermia
B) hypotension
C) myocarditis
D) hypoxia
, E) cardiomyopathy
F) drugs
G) acidosis -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A, B, D, F, G
5) What are the electrocardiographic characteristics of bradycardia?
A) P waves always visible
B) HR slow compared with normal HR for age
C) prolonged PR interval
D) P wave and QRS may be unrelated
E) QRS complex may be narrow or wide -- Correct Answer ✔✔ B, D, and E
6) In which patients would bradycardia be an expected finding and not be considered
problematic?
A) a healthy child who is sleeping
B) a child who is hypotensive
C) a child with hypoxia
D) a well-conditioned athlete -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A and D
7) What is a first degree AV block?
A) a progressive prolongation of the PR interval until an atrial impulse is not
conducted by the ventricles
B) a prolonged PR interval representing slowed conduction through the AV
node
C) none of the atrial impulses conduct to the ventricles
D) nonconduction of some of the atrial impulses to the ventricle without any
change in the PR interval of the conduction impulses -- Correct Answer
✔✔ B) a prolonged PR interval representing slowed conduction through
the AV node
8) What is a third degree AV block?
, A) a progressive prolongation of the PR interval until an atrial impulse is not
conducted by the ventricles
B) a prolonged PR interval representing slowed conduction through the AV
node
C) none of the atrial impulses conduct to the ventricles
D) nonconduction of some of the atrial impulses to the ventricle without any
change in the PR interval of the conduction impulses -- Correct Answer
✔✔ C) none of the atrial impulses conduct to the ventricles
9) What is the initial treatment for pediatric bradycardia with cardiopulmonary
compromise?
A) administer atropine
B) begin CPR
C) administer epinephrine
D) provide BVM with 100% oxygen -- Correct Answer ✔✔ D) provide BVM
with 100% oxygen
10) If bradycardia persists after initial treatment and the HR remains less than 60/min,
what action should you take next?
A) administer epinephrine
B) begin CPR
C) administer atropine
D) provide BVM ventilation with 100% oxygen -- Correct Answer ✔✔ B)
begin CPR
11) What is the initial dose of epinephrine in the treatment of symptomatic
bradycardia?
A) 0.01 mg/kg endotracheal
B) 1 mg/kg endotracheal
C) 1 mg/kg IO
D) 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO -- Correct Answer ✔✔ D) 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO
, 12) In what conditions is atropine preferred over epinephrine as the first-choice
treatment of symptomatic bradycardia?
A) AV block due to a primary bradycardia
B) atropine is not recommended as a first-choice treatment in any pediatric
bradycardia
C) increased vagal tone
D) persistent bradycardia despite effective oxygenation and ventilation
E) cholinergic drug toxicity (organophosphates) -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A,
C, E
13) What is the IV/IO dose of atropine for pediatric bradycardia?
A) 0.5 mg
B) 1 mg
C) 0.02 mg/kg
D) 0.04 mg/kd -- Correct Answer ✔✔ C) 0.02 mg/kg
14) You are dispatched to respond to a 4 month old boy with difficulty breathing. You
arrive at the home and see the baby in his mother's arms. He is pale and has
mottled skin. His mother says he is very lethargic and has cold hands and feet.
What should your next steps be?
A) apply cardiac monitor to identify rhythm and monitor pulse, BP, and
oximetry
B) establish IV/IO access
C) complete the initial and primary assessment
D) obtain 12-lead ECG
E) maintain a patent airway
F) begin CPR -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A, C, and E
15) During the initial assessment, you find that an infant is unresponsive and has HR of
less than 60/min. What should be your next action?
A) stimulate the infant
B) begin rescue breathing
