Gastrointestinal/ Digestive
System
By Dr. Ann Mwangi
Department of Human Anatomy
JKUAT
,STOMACH
Embryology
• Stomach develops during the 5th
week of IUL as a fusiform/spindle
shape swelling, tapered on both
ends.
• The post border grows much/faster
and forms the greater curvature
while the anterior border grows less
and form the lesser curvature.
• The stomach then rotates 90 degrees
clockwise along its longitudinal axis
forming a pouch behind it, (the lesser
sac of peritoneum) and another 90
degrees along antero- posterior axis.
,Gross anatomy of the
stomach
• The stomach is the widest
and most distensible part
of the alimentary canal,
located between the
esophagus and the
duodenum.
, Functions of the stomach
Forms a reservoir for food
Mixes food with gastric secretions to form chyme (a semifluid substance) that is pas
to the duodenum.
Controls the rate of delivery of chyme into the duodenum to allow proper digestion
absorption.
The time required for 50% of the chyme to leave the stomach varies
-10-20min:- water
-1-4 hrs:- solid food (carbohydrates, proteins, fats)
Hydrochloric acid secreted by the gastric glands destroys bacteria present in the fo
and drink.
Secretes intrinsic factor - present in the gastric juice helps in the absorption of vitam
B12 in the small intestine
System
By Dr. Ann Mwangi
Department of Human Anatomy
JKUAT
,STOMACH
Embryology
• Stomach develops during the 5th
week of IUL as a fusiform/spindle
shape swelling, tapered on both
ends.
• The post border grows much/faster
and forms the greater curvature
while the anterior border grows less
and form the lesser curvature.
• The stomach then rotates 90 degrees
clockwise along its longitudinal axis
forming a pouch behind it, (the lesser
sac of peritoneum) and another 90
degrees along antero- posterior axis.
,Gross anatomy of the
stomach
• The stomach is the widest
and most distensible part
of the alimentary canal,
located between the
esophagus and the
duodenum.
, Functions of the stomach
Forms a reservoir for food
Mixes food with gastric secretions to form chyme (a semifluid substance) that is pas
to the duodenum.
Controls the rate of delivery of chyme into the duodenum to allow proper digestion
absorption.
The time required for 50% of the chyme to leave the stomach varies
-10-20min:- water
-1-4 hrs:- solid food (carbohydrates, proteins, fats)
Hydrochloric acid secreted by the gastric glands destroys bacteria present in the fo
and drink.
Secretes intrinsic factor - present in the gastric juice helps in the absorption of vitam
B12 in the small intestine
