BIOL 2117 – End Term Exam | A+ Graded
Questions on Bacteria, Viruses, and Microbial
Processes
Fungi - ✔✔Eukaryotes whose cells have a distinct nucleus containing DNA surrounded by a
nuclear membrane: cell walls containing chitin.
Protozoa - ✔✔unicellular, eukaryotic microbes with flagella or cilia; some are photosynthetic;
have both asexual and sexual reproductive forms.
Algae - ✔✔Photosynthetic eukaryotes with a wide variety of shapes and have both sexual and
asexual reproductive forms; cell walls are composed of cellulose; play an important role in
the balance of nature.
Viruses - ✔✔a small, simple, acellular structure made only of one type of nucleic acid, either
DNA or RNA ; parasites from other forms of life; not considered living because they are inert
outside living hosts.
Multi-cellular ANIMAL parasites - ✔✔Eukaryotes of parasitic worms, flatworms, and
roundworms collectively called Helminths.
Biogenesis - ✔✔living cells arise only from pre-existing living cells.
Spontaneous Generation - ✔✔some forms of life could arise spontaneously from non-living
matter.
Louis Pasteur - ✔✔Famous for Pasteurization and Fermentation
- developed Germ Theory of disease
Robert Koch - ✔✔postulates which is a sequence of experimental steps for directly relating a
specific microbe to a specific disease
, Robert Hooke - ✔✔- Observed the first cells
- observed a cork through a crude microscope in 1665.
Antin Van Leeuwenhoek - ✔✔Observed the first microorganisms
What are some functions/applications of microbes? - ✔✔- Sewage Treatment to recycle
water.
- Bio-remediation to clean up pollutants.
- Insect control and modern biotechnology.
- Recombinant DNA technology
Carolus Linnaeus - ✔✔Established the first system of scientific nomenclature.
What are the rules for binomial nomenclature? - ✔✔1. The scientific name always consists of
two words (The genus & Species).
2. All scientific names are in Latin and Italicized.
3. The genus name is ALWAYS capitalized and the species name is NEVER capitalized.
What are the 3 domains? - ✔✔Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
What are the four Kingdoms? - ✔✔Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals.
Protists - ✔✔Single celled or multi-cellular, autotrophs or heterotrophs, most are
microscopic, some are animal like, some are like plants, some are like fungus.
Fungi - ✔✔Absorptive Heterotrophs - get nutrients from eating other organisms, but they
digest it outside of their bodies then absorb the nutrients, are multi-cellular, and have cell
walls of chitin.
Plants - ✔✔Autotrophs, have chlorophyll and go through photosynthesis for energy, have cell
walls.
Questions on Bacteria, Viruses, and Microbial
Processes
Fungi - ✔✔Eukaryotes whose cells have a distinct nucleus containing DNA surrounded by a
nuclear membrane: cell walls containing chitin.
Protozoa - ✔✔unicellular, eukaryotic microbes with flagella or cilia; some are photosynthetic;
have both asexual and sexual reproductive forms.
Algae - ✔✔Photosynthetic eukaryotes with a wide variety of shapes and have both sexual and
asexual reproductive forms; cell walls are composed of cellulose; play an important role in
the balance of nature.
Viruses - ✔✔a small, simple, acellular structure made only of one type of nucleic acid, either
DNA or RNA ; parasites from other forms of life; not considered living because they are inert
outside living hosts.
Multi-cellular ANIMAL parasites - ✔✔Eukaryotes of parasitic worms, flatworms, and
roundworms collectively called Helminths.
Biogenesis - ✔✔living cells arise only from pre-existing living cells.
Spontaneous Generation - ✔✔some forms of life could arise spontaneously from non-living
matter.
Louis Pasteur - ✔✔Famous for Pasteurization and Fermentation
- developed Germ Theory of disease
Robert Koch - ✔✔postulates which is a sequence of experimental steps for directly relating a
specific microbe to a specific disease
, Robert Hooke - ✔✔- Observed the first cells
- observed a cork through a crude microscope in 1665.
Antin Van Leeuwenhoek - ✔✔Observed the first microorganisms
What are some functions/applications of microbes? - ✔✔- Sewage Treatment to recycle
water.
- Bio-remediation to clean up pollutants.
- Insect control and modern biotechnology.
- Recombinant DNA technology
Carolus Linnaeus - ✔✔Established the first system of scientific nomenclature.
What are the rules for binomial nomenclature? - ✔✔1. The scientific name always consists of
two words (The genus & Species).
2. All scientific names are in Latin and Italicized.
3. The genus name is ALWAYS capitalized and the species name is NEVER capitalized.
What are the 3 domains? - ✔✔Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
What are the four Kingdoms? - ✔✔Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals.
Protists - ✔✔Single celled or multi-cellular, autotrophs or heterotrophs, most are
microscopic, some are animal like, some are like plants, some are like fungus.
Fungi - ✔✔Absorptive Heterotrophs - get nutrients from eating other organisms, but they
digest it outside of their bodies then absorb the nutrients, are multi-cellular, and have cell
walls of chitin.
Plants - ✔✔Autotrophs, have chlorophyll and go through photosynthesis for energy, have cell
walls.
